Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 137-147.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0802
• BIO-MANUFACTURING & RESOURCE AND ECOLOGY • Previous Articles Next Articles
Jian WANG(), Ailing XU, Xiaodong WEI, Jilong XI, Na YANG, Ke WANG, Tianyuan XI(
), Jiancheng ZHANG(
)
Received:
2020-09-15
Accepted:
2021-01-15
Online:
2022-01-15
Published:
2022-01-25
Contact:
Tianyuan XI,Jiancheng ZHANG
王健(), 许爱玲, 卫晓东, 席吉龙, 杨娜, 王珂, 席天元(
), 张建诚(
)
通讯作者:
席天元,张建诚
作者简介:
王健 E-mail: wangjianmhs@163.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Jian WANG, Ailing XU, Xiaodong WEI, Jilong XI, Na YANG, Ke WANG, Tianyuan XI, Jiancheng ZHANG. Risk Assessment of Spring Freezing Injury of Wheat at Different Sowing Dates in Yuncheng Basin[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(1): 137-147.
王健, 许爱玲, 卫晓东, 席吉龙, 杨娜, 王珂, 席天元, 张建诚. 运城盆地不同播期小麦春季冻害风险评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(1): 137-147.
序号 Number | 日期 Date | 低温指标 Low temperature/℃ |
---|---|---|
1 | 拔节前4 d 4 d before jointing | -4.2 |
2 | 拔节后1~5 d 1~5 d after jointing | -3.5 |
3 | 拔节后6~10 d 6~10 d after jointing | -2.5 |
4 | 拔节后11~15 d 11~15 d after jointing | -1 |
5 | 拔节后16~20 d 16~20 d after jointing | 0 |
Table 1 The lowest temperature index of heavy frost damage in wheat
序号 Number | 日期 Date | 低温指标 Low temperature/℃ |
---|---|---|
1 | 拔节前4 d 4 d before jointing | -4.2 |
2 | 拔节后1~5 d 1~5 d after jointing | -3.5 |
3 | 拔节后6~10 d 6~10 d after jointing | -2.5 |
4 | 拔节后11~15 d 11~15 d after jointing | -1 |
5 | 拔节后16~20 d 16~20 d after jointing | 0 |
品种 Cultivar | 播期 Sowing date (m/d) | 冬前≥0℃积温 ≥0℃ accumulated temperature before winter/℃ | 冬前叶龄 Leaf age before winter | 冬前分蘖数Tillering No. before winter | 拔节期 Jointing (m/d) | 拔节期推迟天数 Delay days of jointing compared with October 5/d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
济麦22 Jimai 22 | 10/05 | 616.3 | 7.0±0.85 a | 4.0±0.56 a | 03/21 | — |
10/20 | 390.1 | 5.0±0.61 b | 1.9±0.29 b | 03/26 | 5 | |
11/05 | 186.9 | 2.2±0.30 c | — | 04/01 | 11 | |
11/15 | 107.7 | — | — | 04/05 | 15 | |
11/25 | 62.9 | — | — | 04/06 | 16 | |
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 | 10/05 | 616.3 | 7.0±0.40 a | 4.0±0.36 a | 03/19 | — |
10/20 | 390.1 | 5.0±0.36 b | 2.0±0.30 b | 03/25 | 5 | |
11/05 | 186.9 | 2.2±0.53 c | — | 03/30 | 9 | |
11/15 | 107.7 | — | — | 04/03 | 12 | |
11/25 | 62.9 | — | — | 04/04 | 14 | |
西农529 Xinong 529 | 10/05 | 616.3 | 7.0±0.36 a | 4.0±0.70 a | 03/17 | — |
10/20 | 390.1 | 5.0±0.41 b | 2.0±0.46 b | 03/23 | 6 | |
11/05 | 186.9 | 3.0±0.35 c | — | 03/29 | 13 | |
11/15 | 107.7 | — | — | 04/01 | 17 | |
11/25 | 62.9 | — | — | 04/03 | 18 |
Table 2 Performance of wheat jointing stage under different pre-winter accumulated temperature
品种 Cultivar | 播期 Sowing date (m/d) | 冬前≥0℃积温 ≥0℃ accumulated temperature before winter/℃ | 冬前叶龄 Leaf age before winter | 冬前分蘖数Tillering No. before winter | 拔节期 Jointing (m/d) | 拔节期推迟天数 Delay days of jointing compared with October 5/d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
济麦22 Jimai 22 | 10/05 | 616.3 | 7.0±0.85 a | 4.0±0.56 a | 03/21 | — |
10/20 | 390.1 | 5.0±0.61 b | 1.9±0.29 b | 03/26 | 5 | |
11/05 | 186.9 | 2.2±0.30 c | — | 04/01 | 11 | |
11/15 | 107.7 | — | — | 04/05 | 15 | |
11/25 | 62.9 | — | — | 04/06 | 16 | |
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 | 10/05 | 616.3 | 7.0±0.40 a | 4.0±0.36 a | 03/19 | — |
10/20 | 390.1 | 5.0±0.36 b | 2.0±0.30 b | 03/25 | 5 | |
11/05 | 186.9 | 2.2±0.53 c | — | 03/30 | 9 | |
11/15 | 107.7 | — | — | 04/03 | 12 | |
11/25 | 62.9 | — | — | 04/04 | 14 | |
西农529 Xinong 529 | 10/05 | 616.3 | 7.0±0.36 a | 4.0±0.70 a | 03/17 | — |
10/20 | 390.1 | 5.0±0.41 b | 2.0±0.46 b | 03/23 | 6 | |
11/05 | 186.9 | 3.0±0.35 c | — | 03/29 | 13 | |
11/15 | 107.7 | — | — | 04/01 | 17 | |
11/25 | 62.9 | — | — | 04/03 | 18 |
品种 Cultivar | 播期 Sowing date (m/d) | 拔节期Jointing (m/d) | 3月下旬 Late March(03/21—03/31) | 4月上旬 Early April(04/01—04/10) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
可承受的 低温范围 Low temperature range/℃ | 冻害发生风险 Risk of freezing injury/% | 平均Average/% | 可承受的 低温范围 Low temperature range/℃ | 冻害发生风险 Risk of freezing injury/% | 平均Average/% | ||||
济麦22 Jimai 22 | 10/05 | 03/21 | -3.4~-1.0 | 3.33~23.33 | 13.33±14.14 a | -0.7~1.9 | 10.00~30.00 | 20.00±14.14 a | |
10/20 | 03/26 | -4.3~-2.2 | 0.00~10.00 | 5.00±7.07 a | -2.0~0.4 | 6.67~13.33 | 10.00±4.71 a | ||
11/05 | 04/01 | -5.1~-3.6 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -3.4~-1.2 | 6.67~10.00 | 8.33±2.36 a | ||
11/15 | 04/05 | -5.5~-4.3 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -4.0~-2.2 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a | ||
11/25 | 04/06 | -5.6~-4.4 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -4.3~-2.4 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | ||
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 | 10/05 | 03/19 | -3.0~-0.5 | 3.33~33.33 | 18.33±21.21 a | -0.2~2.6 | 10.00~30.00 | 20.00±14.14 a | |
10/20 | 03/25 | -4.0~-2.0 | 0.00~13.33 | 6.67±9.43 a | -1.7~0.7 | 6.67~13.33 | 10.00±4.71 a | ||
11/05 | 03/30 | -4.8~-3.2 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -3.0~-0.7 | 0.00~10.00 | 5.00±7.07 a | ||
11/15 | 04/03 | -5.3~-3.9 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -3.8~-1.7 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a | ||
11/25 | 04/04 | -5.4~-4.1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -3.9~-2.0 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a | ||
西农529 Xinong 529 | 10/05 | 03/17 | -2.4~0.1 | 13.33~36.67 | 25±16.5 a | 0.4~3.2 | 13.33~30.00 | 21.67±11.79 a | |
10/20 | 03/23 | -3.8~-1.5 | 0.00~13.33 | 6.67±9.43 a | -1.2~1.3 | 10.00~20.00 | 15.00±7.07 a | ||
11/05 | 03/29 | -4.7~-3.0 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -2.6~-0.5 | 3.33~10.00 | 6.67±4.72 a | ||
11/15 | 04/01 | -5.1~-3.6 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -3.4~-1.2 | 0.00~10.00 | 5.00±7.07 a | ||
11/25 | 04/03 | -5.3~-3.9 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -3.8~-1.7 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a |
Table 3 Spring frost damage probability of wheat with different cultivars and sowing dates
品种 Cultivar | 播期 Sowing date (m/d) | 拔节期Jointing (m/d) | 3月下旬 Late March(03/21—03/31) | 4月上旬 Early April(04/01—04/10) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
可承受的 低温范围 Low temperature range/℃ | 冻害发生风险 Risk of freezing injury/% | 平均Average/% | 可承受的 低温范围 Low temperature range/℃ | 冻害发生风险 Risk of freezing injury/% | 平均Average/% | ||||
济麦22 Jimai 22 | 10/05 | 03/21 | -3.4~-1.0 | 3.33~23.33 | 13.33±14.14 a | -0.7~1.9 | 10.00~30.00 | 20.00±14.14 a | |
10/20 | 03/26 | -4.3~-2.2 | 0.00~10.00 | 5.00±7.07 a | -2.0~0.4 | 6.67~13.33 | 10.00±4.71 a | ||
11/05 | 04/01 | -5.1~-3.6 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -3.4~-1.2 | 6.67~10.00 | 8.33±2.36 a | ||
11/15 | 04/05 | -5.5~-4.3 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -4.0~-2.2 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a | ||
11/25 | 04/06 | -5.6~-4.4 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -4.3~-2.4 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | ||
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 | 10/05 | 03/19 | -3.0~-0.5 | 3.33~33.33 | 18.33±21.21 a | -0.2~2.6 | 10.00~30.00 | 20.00±14.14 a | |
10/20 | 03/25 | -4.0~-2.0 | 0.00~13.33 | 6.67±9.43 a | -1.7~0.7 | 6.67~13.33 | 10.00±4.71 a | ||
11/05 | 03/30 | -4.8~-3.2 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -3.0~-0.7 | 0.00~10.00 | 5.00±7.07 a | ||
11/15 | 04/03 | -5.3~-3.9 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -3.8~-1.7 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a | ||
11/25 | 04/04 | -5.4~-4.1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -3.9~-2.0 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a | ||
西农529 Xinong 529 | 10/05 | 03/17 | -2.4~0.1 | 13.33~36.67 | 25±16.5 a | 0.4~3.2 | 13.33~30.00 | 21.67±11.79 a | |
10/20 | 03/23 | -3.8~-1.5 | 0.00~13.33 | 6.67±9.43 a | -1.2~1.3 | 10.00~20.00 | 15.00±7.07 a | ||
11/05 | 03/29 | -4.7~-3.0 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -2.6~-0.5 | 3.33~10.00 | 6.67±4.72 a | ||
11/15 | 04/01 | -5.1~-3.6 | 0.00~3.33 | 1.67±2.36 a | -3.4~-1.2 | 0.00~10.00 | 5.00±7.07 a | ||
11/25 | 04/03 | -5.3~-3.9 | 0.00 | 0.00 | -3.8~-1.7 | 0.00~6.67 | 3.34±4.72 a |
Fig.2 Frost damage rate of wheat from 2017 to 2018Note:Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments of same variety at P<0.05 level.
Fig.4 Relative conductivity, antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA content of wheat before and after freezing injury from 2017 to 2018Note:Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.
品种 Cultivar | 产量性状 Yield characters | 播期(冬前积温) Sowing date(m/d)(Accumulated temperature before winter/℃) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
09/22(833.4) | 10/15(464.7) | 10/30(252.0) | ||
济麦 22 jimai 22 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 7 795.65±811.34 c | 9 032.25±410.95 b | 10 162.05±423.93 a |
穗数 Spike No./(104·hm-2) | 656.70±44.43 b | 701.85±91.43 a | 713.70±94.32 a | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 25.69±2.89 c | 29.08±3.68 b | 32.00±3.37 a | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 46.34±1.72 a | 44.90±1.49 c | 45.07±1.17 b | |
周麦18 zhoumai 18 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 7 255.05±450.89 c | 8 669.7±431.29 b | 9 982.8±493.25 a |
穗数 Spike No./(104·hm-2) | 481.80±34.88 c | 666.60±74.32 a | 606.15±84.77 b | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 29.72±1.52 b | 26.97±3.56 c | 35.07±4.40 a | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 50.79±1.13 a | 48.83±1.46 b | 47.70±1.01 c | |
西农529 Xinong 529 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 3 899.10±530.18 c | 7 775.25±480.09 b | 8 481.30±406.89 a |
穗数 Spike No./(104·hm-2) | 378.45±45.16 c | 646.80±59.29 a | 591.90±79.09 b | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 22.95±3.26 c | 27.54±2.25 b | 33.39±3.28 a | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 45.21±1.18 a | 43.93±1.97 ab | 43.48±2.28 b |
Table 4 Yields and yield components of wheat at different sowing date from 2017 to 2018
品种 Cultivar | 产量性状 Yield characters | 播期(冬前积温) Sowing date(m/d)(Accumulated temperature before winter/℃) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
09/22(833.4) | 10/15(464.7) | 10/30(252.0) | ||
济麦 22 jimai 22 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 7 795.65±811.34 c | 9 032.25±410.95 b | 10 162.05±423.93 a |
穗数 Spike No./(104·hm-2) | 656.70±44.43 b | 701.85±91.43 a | 713.70±94.32 a | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 25.69±2.89 c | 29.08±3.68 b | 32.00±3.37 a | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 46.34±1.72 a | 44.90±1.49 c | 45.07±1.17 b | |
周麦18 zhoumai 18 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 7 255.05±450.89 c | 8 669.7±431.29 b | 9 982.8±493.25 a |
穗数 Spike No./(104·hm-2) | 481.80±34.88 c | 666.60±74.32 a | 606.15±84.77 b | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 29.72±1.52 b | 26.97±3.56 c | 35.07±4.40 a | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 50.79±1.13 a | 48.83±1.46 b | 47.70±1.01 c | |
西农529 Xinong 529 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 3 899.10±530.18 c | 7 775.25±480.09 b | 8 481.30±406.89 a |
穗数 Spike No./(104·hm-2) | 378.45±45.16 c | 646.80±59.29 a | 591.90±79.09 b | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 22.95±3.26 c | 27.54±2.25 b | 33.39±3.28 a | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 45.21±1.18 a | 43.93±1.97 ab | 43.48±2.28 b |
品种 Cultivar | 播期(冬前积温)Sowing date(m/d)(Accumulated temperature before winter/℃) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
产量性状 Yield characters | 10/05(616.3) | 10/20(390) | 11/05(186.9) | 11/15(107.7) | 11/25(62.9) | |
济麦22 Jimai 22 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 11 423.10±179.73 a | 11 359.90±298.29 a | 10 979.10±209.68 a | 10 227.00±197.57 b | 9 489.30±346.87 c |
p i k e N o . /(104·hm-2) 穗数 S | 804.75±26.17 bc | 799.95±18.12 bc | 918.75±17.74 a | 836.10±17.85 b | 774.30±6.09 c | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 34.01±0.80 a | 34.08±1.00 a | 29.87±0.34 b | 30.19±1.22 b | 30.03±0.87 b | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 41.77±0.51 a | 41.72±0.48 a | 40.01±0.41 b | 40.52±0.42 b | 39.89±0.28 b | |
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 12 685.60±259.23 a | 12 121.05±218.38 ab | 11 644.50±418.48 b | 11 465.40±359.15 b | 10 230.10±236.72 c |
p i k e N o . /(104·hm-2) 穗数 S | 690.60±19.75 b | 773.85±16.97 a | 824.40±11.23 a | 799.65±24.33 a | 716.55±20.49 b | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 39.88±1.46 a | 33.75±0.66 b | 30.58±0.78 c | 30.74±0.78 c | 30.97±0.84 c | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 46.09±1.32 a | 46.41±1.13 a | 46.09±0.75 a | 46.64±1.62 a | 46.08±1.37 a | |
西529 Xinong 529 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 9 828.40±253.42 b | 10 878.90±193.74 a | 10 839.00±85.49 a | 10 528.90±269.44 a | 9 276.40±301.94 c |
穗数 Spike No. /(104·hm-2) | 677.85±4.03 c | 758.1±14.91 b | 810.45±13.15 a | 785.70±6.74 ab | 774.30±35.89 ab | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 34.63±1.34 b | 37.33±0.83 a | 34.06±0.35 bc | 32.84±0.24 c | 30.03±0.85 d | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 41.87±0.26 a | 38.44±0.46 d | 39.27±0.48 c | 40.80±0.59 b | 39.89±0.47 c |
Table 5 Yield and yield component of wheat at different sowing date from 2018 to 2019
品种 Cultivar | 播期(冬前积温)Sowing date(m/d)(Accumulated temperature before winter/℃) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
产量性状 Yield characters | 10/05(616.3) | 10/20(390) | 11/05(186.9) | 11/15(107.7) | 11/25(62.9) | |
济麦22 Jimai 22 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 11 423.10±179.73 a | 11 359.90±298.29 a | 10 979.10±209.68 a | 10 227.00±197.57 b | 9 489.30±346.87 c |
p i k e N o . /(104·hm-2) 穗数 S | 804.75±26.17 bc | 799.95±18.12 bc | 918.75±17.74 a | 836.10±17.85 b | 774.30±6.09 c | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 34.01±0.80 a | 34.08±1.00 a | 29.87±0.34 b | 30.19±1.22 b | 30.03±0.87 b | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 41.77±0.51 a | 41.72±0.48 a | 40.01±0.41 b | 40.52±0.42 b | 39.89±0.28 b | |
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 12 685.60±259.23 a | 12 121.05±218.38 ab | 11 644.50±418.48 b | 11 465.40±359.15 b | 10 230.10±236.72 c |
p i k e N o . /(104·hm-2) 穗数 S | 690.60±19.75 b | 773.85±16.97 a | 824.40±11.23 a | 799.65±24.33 a | 716.55±20.49 b | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 39.88±1.46 a | 33.75±0.66 b | 30.58±0.78 c | 30.74±0.78 c | 30.97±0.84 c | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 46.09±1.32 a | 46.41±1.13 a | 46.09±0.75 a | 46.64±1.62 a | 46.08±1.37 a | |
西529 Xinong 529 | 产量 Yield/(kg·hm-2) | 9 828.40±253.42 b | 10 878.90±193.74 a | 10 839.00±85.49 a | 10 528.90±269.44 a | 9 276.40±301.94 c |
穗数 Spike No. /(104·hm-2) | 677.85±4.03 c | 758.1±14.91 b | 810.45±13.15 a | 785.70±6.74 ab | 774.30±35.89 ab | |
穗粒数 Grains No. per spike | 34.63±1.34 b | 37.33±0.83 a | 34.06±0.35 bc | 32.84±0.24 c | 30.03±0.85 d | |
千粒重 Thousand grains weight/g | 41.87±0.26 a | 38.44±0.46 d | 39.27±0.48 c | 40.80±0.59 b | 39.89±0.47 c |
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