Study and Application of Salt and Alkali Tolerance in Rapeseed

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0970

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil salinization has become one of the main limiting factors for agricultural development. The stress damage of saline alkali to plants can be divided into osmotic stress， ion toxicity， active oxygen damage and high pH stress. Saline alkali stress has different effects on seed germination， seedling growth， yield and quality of rapeseed. This paper expounded the influence mechanism of saline alkali stress on different growth stages of rapeseed， analyzed the saline alkali tolerance mechanism of rape from the aspects of osmotic regulation， active oxygen removal， absorption and storage of Na⁺， and the secretion of organic acids by roots， and put forward measures to improve the saline alkali tolerance of rapeseed， including exploring and utilizing saline alkali tolerance genes， adopting reasonable cultivation methods and using exogenous substances， which provided theoretical basis for the improvement and utilization of saline alkali land by using saline alkali tolerant rapeseed.

Key words: saline alkali stress, salt alkali resistance mechanism, rapeseed

摘要：

土壤盐碱化已成为农业发展的主要限制因素之一。盐碱胁迫对植物的胁迫伤害可分为渗透胁迫、离子毒害、活性氧损伤以及高pH胁迫。盐碱胁迫对油菜的种子萌发、苗期生长发育以及产量品质都会造成不同程度的影响。阐述了盐碱胁迫对油菜不同生育期的影响机制，从渗透调节、活性氧清除、吸收和储存Na⁺、根系分泌有机酸等方面分析油菜耐盐碱机制，并提出进一步提高油菜耐盐碱性的措施，包括挖掘和利用耐盐碱基因、采用合理的栽培手段和使用外源物质，旨在为应用耐盐碱油菜改良利用盐碱地提供理论依据。

关键词: 盐碱胁迫, 耐盐碱机制, 油菜

CLC Number:

S565.4

Heping WAN, Hao ZHANG, Yi YU, Jingdong CHEN, Changli ZENG, Lun ZHAO, Jing WEN, Jinxiong SHEN, Tingdong FU. Study and Application of Salt and Alkali Tolerance in Rapeseed[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(12): 59-67.

万何平, 张浩, 余忆, 陈敬东, 曾长立, 赵伦, 文静, 沈金雄, 傅廷栋. 油菜耐盐碱研究与应用[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(12): 59-67.

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