In the majority of North Yinshan Mountains, the lowlying land in farmingpastoral interleaving areas has been reclaimed, due to the increase of population, grassland slope was reclaimed exhaustedly. Recently, many grassland slopes became arable lands. The ecological environment deterioration became more and more serious. Taking Saiwusu of Damao County and Baotou City of Inner Mongolia as example, this paper studied the effect of reclamation on erosion, vegetation and soil characteristics. The results indicated that severe wind erosion in spring and severe water erosion in summer eroded the soil of slopping fields; reclamation has brought remarkable changes in vegetation, annual herb such as Salsols collina, Corispermum declinatum, Chenopodum aristatum, Artimisia annua et al. grew vigorously, while perennial herb such as Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis and Agropyron cristatum were inhibited; soil fertility declined sharply, due to the erosion and harvest. In the first year after the grassland converted to slopping field soil erosion increased over 5 times, soil fertility droped 30%, and vegetation changed completely. After 4 years reclamation, soil fertility droped 50%, vegetation became sparse, crop yield was low, the slopping fields were no longer fit to continue farming, and large areas were abandoned. Due to sparse vegetation, low soil fertility and intense erosion, the abandoned slopping fields caused not only serious disturbances on the local ecological environment, but also became a dust storm source, thus brought serious threat to the ecological safety of Northern China. Therefore, protecting basic grassland, strictly controlling grassland reclamation is extremely imperative.
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