外施α-酮戊二酸对盐胁迫下海滨锦葵生长、碳氮磷养分积累及其计量关系的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0276

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究有机碳肥α-酮戊二酸（α-ketoglutaric acid，KG）对盐碱地植物生长调控及其碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）养分吸收利用的影响，以海滨锦葵（Kosteletzkya virginica）幼苗（具3~4片真叶）为试验材料，分别用0、5、15 g·L^-1 NaCl溶液浇灌栽培基质，配以0、10、20 mg?L^-1 α-酮戊二酸溶液叶面喷施，处理45 d后测定并分析各处理组盐胁迫下海滨锦葵生长及碳氮磷积累及其计量关系。结果表明，外源喷施α-酮戊二酸对盐胁迫下海滨锦葵植株的相对生长率没有明显影响，但促进了非盐胁迫下植株的总生物量；高盐（15 g?L^-1 NaCl）胁迫下，外源喷施20 mg?L^-1的KG明显提高了海滨锦葵的根生物量、根冠比和比叶重；同时，20 mg?L^-1 KG显著提高了叶片C和N含量，对高盐胁迫下的海滨锦葵来说，α-酮戊二酸对叶片C的积累更为明显。α-酮戊二酸对海滨锦葵盐胁迫下的N、P积累没有明显影响；外施喷施20 mg?L^-1 KG可以显著提高15 g?L^-1 NaCl处理下海滨锦葵的碳氮比（C∶N）和碳磷比（C∶P）比值，N和P的利用效率显著提高；5 g·L^-1 NaCl处理下，施加10 mg?L^-1 KG显著增加了海滨锦葵叶片K⁺的含量，说明α-酮戊二酸可以促进盐胁迫下植株对K⁺的吸收，对Na⁺的吸收则无明显影响。相关分析表明，海滨锦葵叶片总N与叶片总P呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），与叶片N/P呈极显著负相关（P<0.01），而与叶片K⁺/Na⁺呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。叶片总P含量与叶片总Na含量呈极显著负相关，与叶片K⁺含量呈显著正相关。以上结果表明，一定水平的有机碳肥α-酮戊二酸能缓解盐胁迫对海滨锦葵生长的抑制，为盐碱地提高海滨锦葵的生物量和正常生长提供了新的施肥思路。

关键词: 海滨锦葵, α-酮戊二酸, 盐胁迫, 碳氮磷, 计量关系

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of organic carbon fertilizer α-ketoglutarate on the growth， carbon（C）， nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） accumulation and their stoichiometry of Kosteletzkya virginica under salt stress， the seedlings of K. virginica （with 3~4 true leaves） were used as experimental materials， and the cultivation medium and soil were watered with different concentrations of salt solution （NaCl， 0， 5， 15 g?L^-1） and α-ketoglutarate solution （KG， 0，10， 20 mg?L^-1） was sprayed on the leaves. After 45 d of treatment， these indexes were measured and analyzed， including the plant height， biomass， relative growth rate， root shoot ratio， specific leaf weight， total carbon （C）， total nitrogen （N）， total phosphorus （P）， sodium （Na⁺）， potassium （K⁺） content and their stoichiometric ratio. The results showed that exogenous spraying KG did not significantly affect the relative growth rate of K. virginica plants under salt stress， but promoted the total biomass of plants under non salt stress； under high salt stress （15 g?L^-1 NaCl）， exogenous 20 mg?L^-1 KG significantly increased the root biomass， root shoot ratio and specific leaf weight of K. virginica. At the same time， 20 mg?L^-1 KG significantly increased the contents of C and N in leaves. For K. virginica under high salt stress， KG had more obvious accumulation of C in leaves. KG had no significant effect on the accumulation of N and P under salt stress. External application of 20 mg?L^-1 KG could significantly increase the C/N and C/P of K. virginica under 15 g?L^-1 NaCl treatment， and the utilization efficiency of N and P was significantly improved； under the treatment of 5 g·L^-1 NaCl， the application of 10 mg?L^-1 KG significantly increased the K⁺ content of leaves， which showed that KG could promote the absorption of K⁺ under salt stress， but had no significant effect on the absorption of Na⁺. Correlation analysis showed that leaf N was significantly positively correlated with leaf P （P<0.01）， negatively correlated with leaf N/P （P<0.01）， and positively correlated with leaf K⁺/Na⁺ （P<0.01）. Leaf P content was negatively correlated with leaf Na⁺ content and positively correlated with leaf K⁺ content. The above research results showed that a certain concentration of organic carbon fertilizer KG could alleviate the inhibition of salt stress on the growth of K. virginica， which provided a new fertilization idea for improving the biomass and normal growth of K. virginica in saline alkali land.

Key words: Kosteletzkya virginica, α-ketoglutarate, salt stress, carbon， nitrogen and phosphorus, stoichiometric relationships

中图分类号:

S156

吴雨露, 扈嘉鑫, 陈宇熙, 郑炳松, 闫道良. 外施α-酮戊二酸对盐胁迫下海滨锦葵生长、碳氮磷养分积累及其计量关系的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(7): 170-177.

Yulu WU, Jiaxin HU, Yuxi CHEN, Bingsong ZHENG, DaoLiang YAN. Effects of External Application of α-Ketoglutarate on Growth， Carbon， Nitrogen and Phosphorus Accumulation and Their Stoichiometric Relationships in Kosteletzkya virginica Under Salt Stress[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(7): 170-177.

图/表 6

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处理 Treatment	试剂用量Reagent dosage
处理 Treatment	KG/（mg∙L^-1）	NaCl /（g∙L^-1）
CK	0	0
S5	0	5
S15	0	15
KG10	10	0
S5-KG10	10	5
S15-KG10	10	15
KG20	20	0
S5-KG20	20	5
S15-KG20	20	15

处理 Treatment	试剂用量Reagent dosage
处理 Treatment	KG/（mg∙L^-1）	NaCl /（g∙L^-1）
CK	0	0
S5	0	5
S15	0	15
KG10	10	0
S5-KG10	10	5
S15-KG10	10	15
KG20	20	0
S5-KG20	20	5
S15-KG20	20	15

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	相对生长率 Relative growth rate/%
CK	22.0±4.5 a	1.3±0.3 a
KG10	22.8±3.8 a	1.5±0.7 a
KG20	25.9±5.1 a	1.6±0.5 a
S5	13.3±1.6 b	0.7±0.5 b
S5-KG10	14.8±2.1 b	0.3±0.1 bc
S5-KG20	15.3±2.0 b	0.5±0.2 bc
S15	11.1±2.2 b	0.1±0.1 c
S15-KG10	11.8±2.8 b	0.1±0.1 c
S15-KG20	10.9±1.7 b	0.3±0.2 bc
F值F value	16.976	12.804
P值P value	0.000	0.000

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/cm	相对生长率 Relative growth rate/%
CK	22.0±4.5 a	1.3±0.3 a
KG10	22.8±3.8 a	1.5±0.7 a
KG20	25.9±5.1 a	1.6±0.5 a
S5	13.3±1.6 b	0.7±0.5 b
S5-KG10	14.8±2.1 b	0.3±0.1 bc
S5-KG20	15.3±2.0 b	0.5±0.2 bc
S15	11.1±2.2 b	0.1±0.1 c
S15-KG10	11.8±2.8 b	0.1±0.1 c
S15-KG20	10.9±1.7 b	0.3±0.2 bc
F值F value	16.976	12.804
P值P value	0.000	0.000

处理 Treatment	生物量Biomas/mg			根冠比 Root shoot ratio	比叶重Specific leaf weight/（mg∙cm^-2）
处理 Treatment	全株Whole plant	根Root	叶Leaf	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	比叶重Specific leaf weight/（mg∙cm^-2）
CK	413.5±83.4 b	190.5±10.8 a	269.0±15.8 a	0.41±0.05 d	1.77±0.08 d
KG10	619.1±34.5 a	191.8±13.0 a	263.2±42.0 a	0.46±0.10 d	1.91±0.19 d
KG20	669.3±26.4 a	193.7±21.3 a	264.8±20.8 a	0.45±0.06 d	1.87±0.05 d
S5	286.6±39.7 c	154.6±25.5 ab	112.5±12.5 c	0.86±0.10 c	2.69±0.15 bc
S5-KG10	291.9±35.2 c	142.4±7.7 b	115.2±15.1 c	0.68±0.11 c	2.47±0.16 c
S5-KG20	334.0±39.8 c	146.8±19.8 b	130.9±11.1 b	1.07±0.10 b	3.45±0.19 a
S15	167.8±29.5 d	98.8±16.3 c	37.8±7.0 d	1.48±0.13 a	2.58±0.06 b
S15-KG10	174.5±27.2 d	103.2±14.7 c	42.4±6.7 d	1.45±0.10 a	3.18±0.10 b
S15-KG20	244.8±61.8 cd	138.1±31.7 b	54.0±13.6 d	1.49±0.09 a	3.80±0.08 a
F值F value	15.734	3.315	22.058	22.415	17.287
P值 P value	0.000	0.009	0.000	0.000	0.000