林木新种质创制研究进展

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0946

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

林以种为本，种以质为先。林木种质创新是林木种业振兴的基础，是保障国家木材安全、粮油安全和生态安全的坚实根基。随着仪器设备的更新换代和多组学、智能与信息等技术的发展及相关理论水平的提升，我国林木种质的研究由传统的经验性收集和粗放式评价，向现代、定向、高效的新种质创制及规模化、精准化及系统化评价和挖掘转变。从林木新种质的创制现状、核心关键技术、规模化繁育和未来发展方向4个方面综述我国林木新种质创制进展，并提出传统杂交育种与现代生物技术相结合，加快开发林木表型和基因型高通量精准评价、全基因组选择、基因组精准操作、合成生物学和细胞工厂等种质创制及繁育新技术，支撑优质种质创制和突破性新品种培育。

关键词: 林木, 新种质, 创制, 进展

Abstract:

The innovation of forest germplasm is the basis for the revitalization of forest seed industry， and is a solid foundation for ensuring the national timber， grain and oil and ecological security. With the upgrading of instruments and equipment， the development of multi-omics， intelligence and information technology and the improvement of relevant theoretical level， the research of forest germplasm in China has changed from traditional empirical collection and extensive evaluation to modern， targeted and efficient new germplasm creation and large-scale， accurate， systematic evaluation and mining. This paper reviewed the progress of new forest germplasm creation in China from 4 aspects： the current situation， the core key technology， the large-scale breeding， and the future development direction of new forest germplasm. It was proposed that the combination of traditional hybrid breeding and modern biotechnology should accelerate the development of high-throughput accurate evaluation， whole genome selection， precise genome operation new technologies for germplasm develpment and breeding， such as synthetic biology and cell factory， serve the creation of high-quality germplasm and the cultivation of breakthrough new varieties.

Key words: tree, new germplasm, creation, research progress

中图分类号:

S722

王军辉. 林木新种质创制研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(12): 129-141.

Junhui WANG. Research Progress on Development of New Germplasm of Forest Trees[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(12): 129-141.

图/表 2

图1 2012—2021年各类树种国审良种审定数量及比例数据来源：国家林业和草原局（http：//www.forestry.gov.cn/）。

Fig. 1 Number and proportion of approved superior national varieties of various tree species from 2012 to 2021Data source： National Forestry and Grassland Administration （http：//www.forestry.gov.cn/）.

图2 2012—2021年主要树种国审良种数量统计数据来源：国家林业和草原局（http：//www.forestry.gov.cn/）。

Fig. 2 Statistics on the number of nationally approved superior varieties of major tree species from 2012 to 2021Data source： National Forestry and Grassland Administration （http：//www.forestry.gov.cn/）.

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