中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 189-197.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0023
• 生物制造 资源生态 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2023-01-06
接受日期:
2023-07-31
出版日期:
2023-10-15
发布日期:
2023-10-27
作者简介:
吴红艳 E-mail:lnwuhy@163.com
基金资助:
Hongyan WU(), Miao YU, Jian FENG, Hui LIU
Received:
2023-01-06
Accepted:
2023-07-31
Online:
2023-10-15
Published:
2023-10-27
摘要:
为探明解磷生物肥(PSWY)对温室土壤磷有效性和辣椒产量的影响,采用室内盆栽试验,设置4个施肥处理:常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+鸡粪(腐熟)3 000 kg·hm-2(PY1)、常规施肥+PSWY 3 000 kg·hm-2(PY2)、常规施肥+解磷菌P623-9 240 L·hm-2(PY3),在不同时期对土壤有效磷(available phosphorous,AP)、微生物量磷(microbial biomass phosphorus,MBP)含量进行测定,并对辣椒地上部干重、辣椒根系发育及产量进行比较。结果表明,PY1、PY2和PY3处理土壤AP含量平均值较CK分别提高40.9%、73.1%和38.1%,土壤MBP含量与CK相比分别提高23.4%、58.9%和45.4%;辣椒产量表现为PY2>PY1>PY3>CK,PY1、PY2和PY3处理较CK分别增产10.9%、14.5%和7.7%,PY2处理可增加辣椒地上部干重、促进根系发育,与其他3个处理相比均呈现显著性差异(P<0.05);辣椒产量与土壤有效磷含量、土壤解磷菌数量、微生物量磷含量及植株地上部干重呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。综上可知,PSWY能够显著增加土壤有效磷含量,促进辣椒根系发育,增加地上部干重,大幅提高产量,同时减少农业面源污染,研究结果为设施农业可持续发展提供理论依据。
中图分类号:
吴红艳, 于淼, 冯健, 刘晖. 解磷生物肥对温室土壤磷有效性及辣椒产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(10): 189-197.
Hongyan WU, Miao YU, Jian FENG, Hui LIU. Effect of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bio-fertilizer on Soil Phosphorus Availability and Pepper Yield in Greenhouse[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(10): 189-197.
载体 Vector | 吸水性 Hygroscopy/mL | 有效菌体释放率 Effective thallus release rate/% |
---|---|---|
腐殖酸 Humic acid | 6.4 | 72 |
蚯蚓粪 Wormcast | 8.1 | 59 |
鸡粪(腐熟) Chicken manure (decomposed) | 7.6 | 85 |
表1 载体吸水性及有效菌体释放率
Table 1 Carrier hydroscopicity and effective cell release rate
载体 Vector | 吸水性 Hygroscopy/mL | 有效菌体释放率 Effective thallus release rate/% |
---|---|---|
腐殖酸 Humic acid | 6.4 | 72 |
蚯蚓粪 Wormcast | 8.1 | 59 |
鸡粪(腐熟) Chicken manure (decomposed) | 7.6 | 85 |
图1 不同载体不同时间下的菌体存活数量注:不同小写字母表示处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 1 Survival number of bacteria in different carriers at different timesNote:Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.
图2 不同施肥处理下土壤解磷菌数量注:不同小写字母表示处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 2 Quantity of soil phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in different fertilization treatmentsNote:Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.
图3 不同施肥处理下土壤有效磷含量注:不同小写字母表示处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 3 Soil available phosphorus content under different fertilization treatmentsNote:Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.
图4 不同施肥处理下土壤微生物量磷含量注:不同小写字母表示处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 4 Soil microbial biomass phosphorus content in different fertilization treatmentsNote:Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.
图5 不同施肥处理下辣椒地上部干重注:不同小写字母表示处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 5 Aboveground dry weight of pepper under different fertilization treatmentsNote:Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.
根系 Root system | CK | PY1 | PY2 | PY3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
整根干重 Whole root dry weight/g | 4.213 5±0.167 2 c | 5.436 8±0.079 3 b | 6.826 9±0.101 3 a | 4.420 1±0.203 2 c |
根长度 Root length/cm | 24.533 6±1.469 0 c | 25.314 2±1.053 7 bc | 29.300 4±0.516 6 a | 28.466 7±1.215 5 ab |
主根直径 Taproot diameter/mm | 7.936 7±0.365 8 c | 8.916 2±0.116 1 b | 9.996 3±0.133 7 a | 8.663 9±0.307 2 bc |
表2 不同施肥处理下辣椒整根干重、长度及主根直径
Table 2 Whole root dry weight, length and taproot diameter of pepper under different fertilization treatments
根系 Root system | CK | PY1 | PY2 | PY3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
整根干重 Whole root dry weight/g | 4.213 5±0.167 2 c | 5.436 8±0.079 3 b | 6.826 9±0.101 3 a | 4.420 1±0.203 2 c |
根长度 Root length/cm | 24.533 6±1.469 0 c | 25.314 2±1.053 7 bc | 29.300 4±0.516 6 a | 28.466 7±1.215 5 ab |
主根直径 Taproot diameter/mm | 7.936 7±0.365 8 c | 8.916 2±0.116 1 b | 9.996 3±0.133 7 a | 8.663 9±0.307 2 bc |
图6 不同施肥处理下的辣椒产量注:不同小写字母表示处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。
Fig. 6 Pepper yield under different fertilization treatmentsNote:Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.
指标 Index | 土壤有效磷 Soil AP | 辣椒地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight | 辣椒产量 Pepper yield | 土壤解磷菌数量 Soil phosphorus solubiliating bacteria |
---|---|---|---|---|
辣椒地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight | 0.759** | |||
辣椒产量 Pepper yield | 0.791** | 0.921** | ||
土壤解磷菌数量 Poil phosphorus solubiliating bacteria | 0.799** | 0.814** | 0.924** | |
土壤微生物量磷 Soil MBP | 0.927** | 0.899** | 0.860** | 0.787** |
表3 土壤有效磷含量、辣椒地上部干重、辣椒产量、土壤解磷菌数量及微生物量磷的相关性分析
Table 3 Correlation analysis between number of soil phosphorus solubilizing bacteria, soil MBP, plant dry weight, pepper yield and soil AP
指标 Index | 土壤有效磷 Soil AP | 辣椒地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight | 辣椒产量 Pepper yield | 土壤解磷菌数量 Soil phosphorus solubiliating bacteria |
---|---|---|---|---|
辣椒地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight | 0.759** | |||
辣椒产量 Pepper yield | 0.791** | 0.921** | ||
土壤解磷菌数量 Poil phosphorus solubiliating bacteria | 0.799** | 0.814** | 0.924** | |
土壤微生物量磷 Soil MBP | 0.927** | 0.899** | 0.860** | 0.787** |
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