Abstract:

Research on the genetic basis of important economic traits in livestock and poultry is important for the next generation of molecular design breeding， which is the research frontier of scientific and technological innovation in the international livestock and poultry seed industry. Livestock and poultry breeds are rich in resources， diverse in production types， wide in ecological adaptation range， and outstanding in excellent traits in China. However， there are problems of insufficient protection and collection of germplasm resources， unclear analysis of trait characteristics and genetic mechanisms etc.， resulting in insufficient development and utilization of rich livestock and poultry genetic resources in China， and it is difficult to support the research and development and application of molecular design breeding technology. To face the demand of future agriculture modernization and production of livestock and poultry seed industry， this paper summarized the research progress on genetic regulation mechanism and molecular design breeding of important traits of livestock and poultry at home and abroad， as well as the bottlenecks faced by molecular design breeding of livestock and poultry in China， and discussed the development trend of molecular design breeding of livestock and poultry in the future. The review provided significant insights for technological innovation and development of the future livestock and poultry breeding industry.

Key words: livestock and poultry, important economic traits, genetic regulation, molecular design breeding, research progress

摘要：

畜禽重要经济性状的遗传基础研究是新一代分子设计育种的重要前提，是国际畜禽种业科技创新的研究前沿。我国畜禽品种资源丰富、生产类型多样、生态适应幅度广、优异性状突出，但存在种质资源保护和收集不充分、性状特征和遗传机制解析不清等问题，造成我国丰富的畜禽遗传资源开发利用不足，难以支撑分子设计育种技术的研发和应用。针对我国畜牧业现代化和种业振兴行动的发展需求，总结了国内外畜禽重要性状遗传调控机制、分子设计育种的研究进展以及我国畜禽分子设计育种面临的瓶颈，探讨了未来畜禽分子设计育种的发展趋势，旨在为我国未来畜禽种业科技创新发展提供借鉴与参考。

关键词: 畜禽, 重要经济性状, 遗传调控, 分子设计育种, 研究进展