Classification and Evaluation of New Wheat Lines Based on GT Biplot

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0097

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the new wheat lines in drought-rich land experiment， 26 wheat lines participating in the National Dryland Group multi-point comparative experiment from 2020 to 2021 were selected as the materials. Multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the changes of yield and quality traits under field conditions during the 2 years. The results showed that the 2-year variation coefficients of yield and quality traits of 26 new lines were 2.0%~74.2% and 2.1%~95.1%， respectively. The variation coefficients from high to low were stable time > wet gluten content > protein content > water absorption = yield per unit area > bulk density； correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between yield and quality traits in 2 years. The stable time was positively correlated with protein content and water absorption， but negatively with yield. The correlation coefficient between stable time and protein content was higher in 2 years. Based on the correlation analysis， 26 new wheat lines in 2 years were grouped into 4 categories by cluster method. The results of clustering were shown in Genotype by trait （GT） biplot and cluster plot， respectively. The clustering results were consistent with the actual performance of the new lines. ‘Taikemai 4835’ ‘Luohan 35’ ‘Nongda 162’ and ‘Shannong 611436’ were divided into the same type for consecutive 2 years， and these lines were characterized by high yield and good quality. Above results provided theoretical basis for the rational evaluation and popularization of the new wheat lines.

Key words: new wheat lines, principal component analysis, genotype by trait biplot, cluster analysis, yield, quality character

摘要：

为了从产量、品质方面准确评价旱肥地试验小麦新品系，以2020—2021年连续2年参加国家黄淮冬麦区旱地组多点比较试验的26份新品系为材料，应用多元统计方法分析了大田条件下2年间产量和品质性状的变化。结果表明：26份品系的产量和品质性状2年变异系数分别为2.0%~74.2%和2.1%~95.1%，变异较大，变异系数大小顺序依次为稳定时间>湿面筋含量>蛋白质含量>吸水率=单位面积产量>容重；相关分析表明，2年产量与品质性状存在负相关关系，稳定时间均与蛋白质含量、吸水量正相关，稳定时间与产量负相关，其中稳定时间与蛋白质含量相关系数均较高。在相关分析的基础上，采用聚类分析方法将2年中26份小麦参试品系聚为4类，并在主成分品种、性状（genotype by trait， GT）双标图（biplot）和聚类图中进行展示，聚类结果与新品系的实际表现一致，其中‘泰科麦4835’‘洛旱35’‘农大162’‘山农611436’连续2年划为同一类型，表现为产量较高、品质优良。该研究结果可为参试新品系的合理评价和推广应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 小麦新品系, 主成分分析, GT双标图, 聚类分析, 产量, 品质性状

CLC Number:

S512

Xianyin SUN, Qiuhuan MU, Yong MI, Guangde LYU, Xiaolei QI, Yingying SUN, Xundong YIN, Ruixia WANG, Ke WU, Zhaoguo QIAN, Yan ZHAO, Minggang GAO. Classification and Evaluation of New Wheat Lines Based on GT Biplot[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(7): 14-24.

孙宪印, 牟秋焕, 米勇, 吕广德, 亓晓蕾, 孙盈盈, 尹逊栋, 王瑞霞, 吴科, 钱兆国, 赵岩, 高明刚. 基于GT双标图对小麦新品系的分类评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(7): 14-24.

Figures/Tables 7

References 37

1	SHOKAT S, SEHGAL D, VIKRAM P, et al.. Molecular markers associated with agro-physiological traits under terminal drought conditions in bread wheat [J]. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2020, 21(9): 3156.
2	SANGTARSAH M H. Responses of different wheat genotypes to drought stress applied at different growth stages [J]. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. Pjbs, 2010, 13(3): 114-119.
3	徐亮, 朱晶, 王学君. 中国主粮政策性农业保险:规则约束与政策优化[J]. 农业经济问题, 2022(2): 118-130.
	XU L, ZHU J, WANG X J. Policy-based agricultural insurance for staple grain in China: rule constraints and policy optimization [J]. Issu. Agric. Econo., 2022(2): 118-130.
4	南炳东, 陈耀锋, 闵东红, 等. 不同水分胁迫下转TaEBP基因小麦株系拔节期抗旱性研究 [J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2011, 29(4): 23-28.
	NAN B D, CHEN Y F, MIN D H, et al.. Drought resistance of transgenic wheat with TaEBP gene under different water stress during jointing stage [J]. Agric. Res. Arid Area, 2011, 29(4):23-28.
5	王曙光, 孙黛珍, 周福平, 等. 六倍体小黑麦萌发期抗旱性分析[J]. 中国生态农业报, 2008(6): 1403-1408.
	WANG S G, SUN D Z, ZHOU F P, et al.. Analysis of drought resistance of hexaploid triticale at spring stage [J]. Chin. J. Eco-Agric., 2008(6):1403-1408.
6	CHEN X, MIN D, YASIR T A, et al.. Evaluation of 14 morphological, yield-related and physiological traits as indicators of drought tolerance in Chinese winter bread wheat revealed by analysis of the membership function value of drought tolerance (MFVD) [J]. Field Crops Res., 2012, 137: 195-201.
7	魏良迪, 李宁, 杨进文, 等. 山西省主推小麦品种芽期及苗期的抗旱性评价[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022,41(5) ;873-879.
	WEI L D, LI N, YANG J W, et al.. Drought resistance of major wheat varieties in Shanxi province at germination seedling stages[J]. Chin. J. Ecol., 2022, 41(5) ;873-879.
8	张维军, 袁汉民, 陈东升, 等. 小麦抗旱性生理生化机制及QTL研究进展[J]. 干旱地区农研究, 2015, 33(6): 139-148.
	ZHANG W J, YUAN H M, CHEN D S, et al.. Advances in studies on physiological and biochemical indexes and QTL for drought resistance in wheat [J]. Agric. Res. Arid Area, 2015, 33(6):139-148.
9	景蕊莲. 作物抗旱研究的现状与思考[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 1999(2): 82-88.
	JING R L. Present situation and approach of study on crop drought resistance [J]. Agric. Res. Arid Area, 1999(2): 82-88.
10	孙宪印, 米勇, 王超, 等. 高产节水抗旱小麦新品种泰科麦32的选育[J]. 种子, 2021, 40(3): 115-119, 2.
	SUN X Y, MI Y, WANG C, et al.. Breeding of a new wheat variety ‘Taikemai 32’ with characteristics of high yield, water saving and drought resistance [J]. Seed, 2021,40(3): 115-119, 2.
11	任毅, 颜安, 张芳, 等. 国内外301份小麦品种(系)种子萌发期抗旱性鉴定及评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(3):1-14.
	REN Y, YAN A, ZHANG F, et al.. Identification and evaluation of drought tolerance of 301 wheat varieties(lines) at germination stage [J]. Agric. Res. Arid Area, 2019, 37(3): 1-14.
12	丁晓雯, 常乐, 穆平. 山东省部分小麦材料的抗旱特性分析[J].干旱地区农业研究, 2017, 35(5): 202-207.
	DING Y W, CHANG L, MU P. Analysis of drought resistance of some wheat materials in Shandong province [J]. Agric. Res. Arid Area, 2017, 35(5): 202-207.
13	孙宪印, 吕广德, 亓晓蕾, 等. 不同节水型小麦新品系籽粒产量对浇水因子相应的综合评判[J]. 干旱区资源与环境,2021, 35(1): 128-134.
	SUN X Y, LU G D, QI X L, et al.. Comprehensive evaluation on the response of different water-saving wheat new strains’grain yield to watering factors [J]. J. Arid Land Resour. Environ., 2021,35(1): 128-134.
14	李海泳, 殷贵鸿. 从国家粮食安全角度探讨我国小麦育种发展趋势[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2022, 50(18): 36-41.
	LI H Y, YIN G H. Discussion on the development trend of wheat breeding in China from the perspective of national food security [J]. Jiangsu Agric. Sci., 2022, 50(18): 36-41.
15	武合讲, 武合金, 任晓东. 品种审定和品种推广的关系[J]. 种子世界, 2018(2): 18-19.
16	程天灵, 温辉芹, 裴自友, 等. 2015—2016年度山西省冬小麦区域试验品种品质分析[J]. 种子, 2018, 37(7): 130-133.
	CHENG T L, WEN H Q, PEI Z Y, et al.. Quality analysis of tested winter wheat varieties in regional trials in Shanxi province from 2015 to 2016 [J]. Seed, 2018, 37(7): 130-133.
17	廖琴, 赵虹, 马志强, 等. 农作物品种区域试验技术规程小麦: [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2007.
18	马志强，田纪春，赵虹，等. 农作物品种审定规范小麦: [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006.
19	国家农作物品种审定委员会. 主要农作物品种审定标准(国家级) [J]. 种业导刊, 2017(11): 5-11.
20	唐启义, 唐睿. DPS数据处理系统: 第2卷现代统计及数据挖掘[M]. 第5版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2020:1-631.
21	孙彩玲, 曲辉英, 吕建华, 等. 基于主成分和聚类分析的山东省区试小麦品种(系)品质的综合评价[[J]山东农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 45(4): 545-551, 558.
	SUN C L, QU H Y, LYU J H, et al.. Comprehensive assessment on wheat quality in regional test of Shandong based on principal component and cluster analysis [J].J. Shandong Agric. Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 2014,45(4):545-551, 558.
22	汤小莎, 史雨刚, 李宁, 等. 小麦籽粒灌浆参数与产量的遗传相关分析[J]. 山西农业科学, 2021, 49(2): 156-159, 218.
	TANG X S, SHI Y G, LI N, et al.. Genetic correlation analysis between grain filling parameters and yield in wheat [J]. J. Shanxi Agric. Sci., 2021, 49(2): 156-159, 218.
23	孙宪印, 吴科, 钱兆国, 等. 黄淮冬麦区北片水地组供试小麦品种(系)主要品质性状的主成分分析和聚类分析[J]. 山东农业科学, 2006, 34(1): 24-26.
24	郝建宇, 郭利磊, 王敏, 等. 近10 a黄淮冬麦区北片水地区试小麦品种(系)品质的主成分分析[J]. 山西农业科学, 2021,49(10): 1143-1147.
	HAO J Y, GUO L L, WANG M, et al.. Principal component analysis of winter wheat varieties(Lines) quality in the north Huanghe-Huaihe irrigated region in recent ten years [J]. J. Shanxi Agric. Sci., 2021, 49(10): 1143-1147.
25	许乃银, 李健. 基于GGE双标图的长江流域国审棉花品种分类特征评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(24): 4780-4789.
	XU N Y, LI J. Evaluation on the classification characteristics of national registered cotton varieties in the yangtze river valley based on GGE biplot [J]. Scientia Agric. Sin., 2014,47(24): 4780-4789.
26	许乃银, 赵素琴, 张芳, 等. 基于GYT双标图对西北内陆棉区国审棉花品种的分类评价[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(4):660-671.
	XU N Y, ZHAO S Q, ZHANG F, et al.. Retrospective evaluation of cotton varieties nationally registered for the northwest inland cotton growing regions based on GYT biplot analysis [J]. Acta Agron. Sin., 2021, 47(4): 660-671.
27	REZA M, AHMED A. Genotype × environment interaction and genetic improvement for yield and yield stability of rainfed durum wheat in Iran [J]. Euphytica, 2013, 192(2): 227-249.
28	张志芬, 付晓峰, 刘俊青, 等. 用GGE双标图分析燕麦区域试验品系产量稳定性及试点代表性[J]. 作物学报, 2010, 36(8): 1377-1385.
	ZHANG Z F, FU X F, LIU J Q, et al.. Yield stability and testing-site representativeness in national regional trials for oat lines based GGE-Biplot analysis [J]. Acta Agron. Sin., 2010, 36(8): 1377-1385.
29	柴继宽, 慕平, 赵桂琴. 8个燕麦品种在甘肃的产量稳定性及试点代表性研究[J].草地学报, 2016, 24(5): 1100-1107.
	CHAI J K, MU P, ZHAO G Q. Study on yield stability and test site representativeness of eight oat varieties in Gansu province [J]. Acta Agrestia Sin., 2016, 24(5): 1100-1107.
30	杨子光, 孟丽梅, 孙军伟, 等. 黄淮旱地冬小麦表观性状演变及相关性比较分析[J]. 农学学报, 2020, 10(9): 7-15.
	YANG Z G, MENG L M, SUN J W, et al.. Evolution and correlation analysis of apparent traits of winter wheat in Huanghuai dry land [J]. J. Agric., 2020, 10(9): 7-15.
31	刘新月, 裴磊, 卫云宗, 等. 气温变化背景下中国黄淮旱地冬小麦农艺性状的变化特征——以山西临汾为例[J].中国农业科学, 2015. 48(10): 1942-195.
	LIU X Y, PEI L, WEI Y Z, et al.. Agronomic traits variation analysis of Huanghuai dryland winter wheat under temperature change background in China—Taking Linfen, Shanxi as an example [J]. Sci. Agric. Sin., 2015. 48(10): 1942-195.
32	李世景, 徐萍, 张正斌, 等. 黄淮旱地冬小麦农艺性状与生育期气象因子的时空分布特征及互作关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(10): 1686-1997.
	LI S J, XU P, ZHANG Z B, et al.. Spatial-temporal distribution characteristic and interaction between agronomic traits of winter wheat and precipitation of growth period in Huang-Huai dryland [J]. Sci. Agric. Sin., 2019, 52(10): 1686-1997.
33	张强, 邓振镛, 赵映东, 等. 全球气候变化对我国西北地区农业的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2008(3): 1210-1218.
	ZHANG Q, DENG Z Y, ZHAO Y D, et al.. The impacts of global climatic change on the agriculture in northwest China [J]. Acta Ecol. Sin., 2008(3): 1210-1218.
34	宋全昊, 金艳, 宋佳静, 等. 人工合成六倍体小麦在黄淮麦区育种中的利用性评价[J]. 作物杂志, 2022, 38(1): 56-64.
	SONG Q H, JIN Y, SONG J J, et al.. Evaluation the breeding utilizability of synthetic hexaploid wheat in Huang-Huai area [J].Crops, 2022, 38(1): 56-64.
35	刘旭, 李立会, 黎裕,等.作物及其种质资源与人文环境的协同演变学说[J].植物遗传资源学报, 2022, 23(1): 1-11.
	LIU X, LI L H, LI Y, et al.. Synergistic evolution theory of crop germplasm resources and cultural environments [J]. J. Plant Genet. Resour., 2022, 23(1): 1-11.
36	范家霖, 陈晓杰, 张建伟, 等. 高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成及其与小麦品质性状的关系分析[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2021,41(5): 544-552.
	FAN J L, CHEN X J, ZHANG J W, et al.. Composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits and theirs relationship with wheat quality traits [J]. J. Triticeae Crops, 2021, 41(5): 544-552.
37	韩启秀, 于经川, 张善勇, 等. 山东省小麦区试参试品系产量与品质性状分析[J].山东农业科学, 2008 (3): 7-10.
	HAN Q X, YU J C, ZHANG S Y, et al.. Analysis of yield and quality ofregional trial wheat varieties in Shandong provice [J]. Shandong Agric. Sci., 2008(3): 7-10.

编号Code	品系名称Line name	编号Code	品系名称Line name
V1	JK64628	V14	西农908 Xinong 908
V2	泰科麦4835 Taikemai 4835	V15	西农711 Xinong 711
V3	山农678 Shannong 678	V16	西农712 Xinong 712
V4	山农442 Shannong 442	V17	西农1109 Xinong 1109
V5	山农611436 Shannong 611436	V18	阳光588 Yangguang 588
V6	山农F3530 Shannong F3530	V19	农大162 Nongda 162
V7	河农8178 Henong 8178	V20	CA16087
V8	衡H1914 Heng H1914	V21	国科11号 Guoke 11
V9	石17T5252 Shi 17T5252	V22	品育8177 Pinyu 8117
V10	长优173 Changyou 173	V23	运旱1923 Yunhan 1923
V11	西农631 Xinong 631	V24	BC17PT161
V12	渭麦15号 Weimai 15	V25	洛旱34 Luohan 34
V13	秦育5号 Qinyu 5	V26	洛旱35 Luohan 35

编号Code	品系名称Line name	编号Code	品系名称Line name
V1	JK64628	V14	西农908 Xinong 908
V2	泰科麦4835 Taikemai 4835	V15	西农711 Xinong 711
V3	山农678 Shannong 678	V16	西农712 Xinong 712
V4	山农442 Shannong 442	V17	西农1109 Xinong 1109
V5	山农611436 Shannong 611436	V18	阳光588 Yangguang 588
V6	山农F3530 Shannong F3530	V19	农大162 Nongda 162
V7	河农8178 Henong 8178	V20	CA16087
V8	衡H1914 Heng H1914	V21	国科11号 Guoke 11
V9	石17T5252 Shi 17T5252	V22	品育8177 Pinyu 8117
V10	长优173 Changyou 173	V23	运旱1923 Yunhan 1923
V11	西农631 Xinong 631	V24	BC17PT161
V12	渭麦15号 Weimai 15	V25	洛旱34 Luohan 34
V13	秦育5号 Qinyu 5	V26	洛旱35 Luohan 35

年份Year	参数Parameter	产量 Yield/（kg·hm^-2）	容重 Test weight /（g·L^-1）	蛋白质含量Protein content/%	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content/%	吸水量 Water absorption / （mL·100 g^-1）	稳定时间Stability time/min
2020	平均值Mean	5 735.25	817.38	14.08	32.43	61.29	4.42
	极差Range	931.8	71.00	3.58	12.6	10.01	13.6
	标准差SD	220.8	17.76	1.07	3.32	2.35	3.25
	变异系数CV/%	0.04	0.02	0.08	0.1	0.04	0.74
2021	平均值Mean	5 732.1	821.42	14.39	34.2	61.1	5.69
	极差Range	806.1	75.02	5.47	13.4	9.2	23.2
	标准差SD	166.35	19.49	1.41	3.71	2.13	5.38
	变异系数CV/%	0.03	0.02	0.11	0.11	0.03	0.95
变化量 Change	平均值差 Difference of mean	-3.15	4.04	0.31	1.76	-0.19	1.27
变化量 Change	P值P value	0.938 5	0.699 4	0.104 0	0.032 0^*	0.695 5	0.051 7

年份Year	参数Parameter	产量 Yield/（kg·hm^-2）	容重 Test weight /（g·L^-1）	蛋白质含量Protein content/%	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content/%	吸水量 Water absorption / （mL·100 g^-1）	稳定时间Stability time/min
2020	平均值Mean	5 735.25	817.38	14.08	32.43	61.29	4.42
	极差Range	931.8	71.00	3.58	12.6	10.01	13.6
	标准差SD	220.8	17.76	1.07	3.32	2.35	3.25
	变异系数CV/%	0.04	0.02	0.08	0.1	0.04	0.74
2021	平均值Mean	5 732.1	821.42	14.39	34.2	61.1	5.69
	极差Range	806.1	75.02	5.47	13.4	9.2	23.2
	标准差SD	166.35	19.49	1.41	3.71	2.13	5.38
	变异系数CV/%	0.03	0.02	0.11	0.11	0.03	0.95
变化量 Change	平均值差 Difference of mean	-3.15	4.04	0.31	1.76	-0.19	1.27
变化量 Change	P值P value	0.938 5	0.699 4	0.104 0	0.032 0^*	0.695 5	0.051 7

指标性状Index character	2020				2021
指标性状Index character	主成分1 PC1	主成分2 PC2	主成分3 PC3	主成分4 PC4	主成分1 PC1	主成分2 PC2	主成分3 PC3	主成分4 PC4
产量Yield	0.44	0.22	0.62	0.17	0.38	0.39	0.11	0.58
容重Test weight	0.37	0.33	-0.24	0.75	0.42	0.37	-0.34	0.25
蛋白质含量Protein content	-0.57	0.16	0.09	0.33	-0.57	0.32	0.16	0.14
湿面筋含量Wet gluten	-0.49	-0.28	0.27	0.49	-0.48	-0.11	0.09	0.66
吸水量Water absorption	-0.28	0.53	0.57	-0.17	-0.23	-0.15	-0.91	0.11
稳定时间Stability time	-0.17	0.68	-0.39	-0.16	-0.27	0.76	-0.12	-0.36
标准差Standard deviation	1.58	1.24	0.94	0.84	1.58	1.09	0.98	0.90
贡献率Contribution rate/%	41.83	25.50	14.59	11.88	41.67	19.72	16.08	13.62
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate/%	41.83	67.33	81.92	93.80	41.67	61.39	77.47	91.08