Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Physiological Indexes and Yield of Protein Mulberry

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0096

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of slow growth， low yield and low water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of protein mulberry in arid and semi-arid areas， the plant height， basal diameter， aboveground biomass and protein content of protein mulberry to different water and nitrogen treatments were analyzed by carrying out water and nitrogen coupling test of protein mulberry. At the same time， taking yield， water use efficiency and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer as the optimal objectives， the effects of different water and nitrogen coupling treatments on the yield， water and fertilizer use efficiency of protein mulberry were analyzed by regression analysis， and the regulation mode of promoting water and nitrogen was put forward. The results showed that the coupling of water and nitrogen had significant effect on soil moisture content in 20 to 40 cm soil layer. The interaction between nitrogen application rate and irrigation amount had significant effects on plant height and basal diameter of protein mulberry， and had extremely significant effects on aboveground biomass and leaf protein content. Regression analysis showed that the yield， water use efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity of protein mulberry were the best when the nitrogen application rate was 67.24~82.06 kg·hm^-2 and the irrigation amount was 164.30~200.59 mm. Above results could provide theoretical support for the efficient planting of protein mulberry and the scientific management of water and fertilizer in arid and semi-arid areas， which was of great significance for improving the biological yield and benefit of protein mulberry.

Key words: water-nitrogen coupling, yield, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, spatial analysis, Morus albuminosa

摘要：

为解决目前干旱半干旱地区蛋白桑生长缓慢、产量及水肥利用效率低等问题，开展蛋白桑水氮耦合试验，分析蛋白桑株高、基径、地上生物量和蛋白质含量等指标对不同水氮处理的响应特征；同时，以产量、水分利用效率及氮肥偏生产力为最优目标，采用回归分析法分析不同水氮耦合处理对蛋白桑产量及水、肥利用效率的影响，并提出促生水氮调控模式。结果表明，水氮耦合对20—40 cm土层土壤含水率影响显著；施氮量和灌水量的交互作用对蛋白桑的株高和基径影响显著，对地上生物量和叶片蛋白质含量影响极显著。回归分析表明，施氮量为67.24~82.06 kg·hm^-2、灌水量为164.30~200.59 mm时，蛋白桑的产量、水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力最优。以上研究成果为干旱半干旱地区蛋白桑高效种植及水肥科学管理提供了理论支撑，对提升蛋白桑生物产量及经济效益具有重要意义。

关键词: 水氮耦合, 产量, 水肥利用效率, 空间分析, 蛋白桑

CLC Number:

S816.4

Shichao CHEN, Ju WANG, Fuqiang GUO, Rui HAO, Jianping SHI. Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Physiological Indexes and Yield of Protein Mulberry[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(6): 240-249.

陈士超, 王举, 郭富强, 郝瑞, 石建平. 不同水氮耦合对蛋白桑生理指标及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(6): 240-249.

Figures/Tables 9

References 22

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因子Factor	土层深度Soil layer/cm
因子Factor	0—10	10—20	20—30	30—40	40—50	50—60
N	0.800^ns	46.312^*	21.250^*	10.684^*	31.419^*	0.356^ns
W	0.928^ns	37.661^*	15.785^*	13.512^*	30.081^*	0.558^ns
N×W	0.086^ns	1.642^ns	55.591^**	55.263^**	2.129^ns	0.021^ns

因子Factor	土层深度Soil layer/cm
因子Factor	0—10	10—20	20—30	30—40	40—50	50—60
N	0.800^ns	46.312^*	21.250^*	10.684^*	31.419^*	0.356^ns
W	0.928^ns	37.661^*	15.785^*	13.512^*	30.081^*	0.558^ns
N×W	0.086^ns	1.642^ns	55.591^**	55.263^**	2.129^ns	0.021^ns

因子Factor	指标Index
因子Factor		株高 Plant height	基径 Basal diameter	地上部生物量 Aboveground biomass	蛋白质含量 Protein content
N	185.695^*		1.504^ns	488.966^**	561.440^**
W	1.436^*		4.217^*	332.951^**	360.909^**
N×W	2.103^*		0.177^ns	57.041^**	47.049^**

因子Factor	指标Index
因子Factor		株高 Plant height	基径 Basal diameter	地上部生物量 Aboveground biomass	蛋白质含量 Protein content
N	185.695^*		1.504^ns	488.966^**	561.440^**
W	1.436^*		4.217^*	332.951^**	360.909^**
N×W	2.103^*		0.177^ns	57.041^**	47.049^**

处理 Treatment		产量 Yield/（kg·hm^-2）	水分利用效率 WUE/（kg·m^-3）	氮肥偏生产力 NPFP/（kg·kg^-1）
CK		16 176±7.54 i	15.01±0.27 i	—
N1	W1	19 428±4.39 g	23.78±1.25 e	2 158.89±9.55 b
	W2	21 072±3.24 f	25.12±0.12 c	2 341.11±7.15 a
	W3	17 132±2.86 hi	19.90±1.79 f	1 903.33±6.33 e
N2	W1	22 156±4.68 f	25.01±0.55 c	1 477.33±6.18 de
	W2	31 064±5.17 b	27.51±0.58 a	2 070.67±6.85 b
	W3	28 170±4.20 c	18.12±0.13 g	1 878.00±5.59 c
N3	W1	23 984±4.43 e	26.43±0.29 b	1 140.95±4.19 f
	W2	32 670±1.05 a	28.01±0.39 a	1 555.71±10.03 d
	W3	29 102±4.91 c	23.30±1.20 e	1 385.71±4.68 e
N4	W1	21 316±8.83 f	24.38±0.86 d	789.63±6.52 h
	W2	26 128±7.94 d	25.97±0.38 b	967.78±5.86 g
	W3	18 130±3.32 gh	16.22±0.34 h	671.48±2.46 i
F值 F value	N	488.966^**	16 999.975^**	2 962.603^**
	W	332.951^**	2 299.230^*	392.776^**
	N×W	57.041^**	652.408^**	74.209^**