Abstract:

To understand the drought resistance mechanism of peanut and screen peanut genotypes with drought resistance and high water use efficiency, the protein composition, protein types and corelation of different peanut varieties were studied under moderate soil water stress condition and by artificial control. The results showed that albumin was preponderant in peanut seed protein, accounting for over 92%, with the highest 95% of the total peanut seed protein. The globulin content was relatively low, accounting for 4% of the total peanut protein. The glutenin content was the lowest, only taking 3.43%, and the prolamin was trace amount. Among these 4 components, the globulin contents were the most different among varieties. The average concentration of peanut kernels protein component was slightly increased under drought stress, for which albumin content played very important role. The SDS-PAGE indicated that the protein compositions of peanut seeds were determined by genetic characteristics. Soil moisture did not affect the electrophoresis pattern of protein composition of same species (lines), but influence the depth of their strips. The profiles of albumin and globulin bands were darker under soil moisture stress indicating an increase of responsive protein components. The albumin protein bands under treatment and the globulin bands of No. 29 variety were increased obviously, a intensive response to drought.

Key words: peanut, water stress, protein, composition type, effect

摘要：

为明确花生抗旱适应性机理,筛选抗旱和水分高效利用基因型品种,在人工控水条件下,对中度土壤水分胁迫下不同花生品种种子蛋白质组成、类型及相互关系进行了研究。结果表明:花生种子蛋白质中,清蛋白占绝对优势,占花生蛋白质总量的92%以上,最高达95%;球蛋白含量较低,仅占花生蛋白质总量的4%,谷蛋白含量最低,仅为3.43%,醇溶蛋白痕量;在4种组分中,品种之间球蛋白含量差异最大。干旱胁迫使花生籽仁中蛋白质组分平均含量略有提高,水溶性蛋白(清蛋白)含量的提高起决定作用。SDS-PAGE图谱显示花生种子蛋白质组分是由自身遗传特性决定的。土壤水分状况不影响同一品种(系)蛋白质组分的电泳图谱,但对条带深浅有影响,土壤水分胁迫处理下,清蛋白和球蛋白图谱条带颜色较深,说明其响应蛋白质组分含量增加,处理间清蛋白条带和29号品种球蛋白增加较为明显,对干旱反应强烈。

关键词: 花生;水分胁迫;蛋白质;组成类型;影响