Effects of Peanut Planting Modes on Desertification in the North Agro⁃pastoral Zone

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0371

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper analyzed the influence of peanut planting modes on desertification in the north agro-pastoral zone to explore suitable land use patterns for restrain land desertification. Taking the different land use and planting modes of the main peanut planting areas in the northern part of Zhangwu county as the research objects， the correlation analysis was carried out based on the phenological characteristics and crop spectral characteristics of the multi-temporal remote sensing images in the area in 2020. The chemical experiment method， combined with SPSS and other softwares to build a desertification degree evaluation index system， using the cumulative curve classification method to divide the land desertification degree into four grades： no desertification， mild desertification， moderate desertification， and severe desertification. The desertification database was used to compare and test the degree of desertification. The results showed that 5 modes in clading agroforestry mode， sand-flat shelterbelt-peanut mode， sandy hill shelterbelt-peanut mode， sandy-flat land-peanut mode， and sandy hill-peanut mode had lower ability to reduce desertification in turn. The agroforestry mode， the sandy-flat land shelterbelt-peanut mode， and the sandy hill shelterbelt-peanut mode all had the effect of reversing succession of desertification， but the degree of succession gradually decreased. Among them， agroforestry model was the most suitable planting mode， and the sandy hill shelterbelt-peanut mode had certain limitations； the sandy-flat land-peanut model and sandy hill-peanut model had the positive succession effect of desertification， and the degree of succession gradually increased. The study aimed to evaluate the desertification of land under different planting modes to explore the influence of different planting modes and the direction of desertification succession， which provided references for standardizing and improving unreasonable planting modes.

Key words: agro-pastoral interlaced zone, peanut, planting mode, desertification

摘要：

为探寻抑制土地荒漠化的适宜土地利用模式，分析北方农牧交错带花生种植模式对荒漠化的影响。以辽宁省阜新市彰武县北部主要花生种植区的不同土地利用种植模式为研究对象，对该地区2020年多时相遥感影像的物候特征和作物光谱特征进行相关分析，并在此基础上现场采集土壤样本，应用化学实验方法，结合SPSS等软件构建荒漠化程度评价指标体系，运用累积曲线分级法将土地荒漠化程度划分为无荒漠化、轻度荒漠化、中度荒漠化、重度荒漠化4个等级，与课题组2015年该地区的荒漠化数据库进行荒漠化程度对比检验。结果表明，农林复合模式、沙平地防护林-花生模式、砂质丘陵防护林-花生模式、沙平地-花生模式、砂质丘陵-花生模式5种模式对减轻荒漠化的能力依次降低。农林复合模式、沙平地防护林-花生模式、砂质丘陵防护林-花生模式均有使荒漠化逆向演替的效果，但演替程度逐渐降低，其中农林复合模式是最适种植模式，砂质丘陵防护林-花生模式有一定的局限性；沙平地-花生、砂质丘陵-花生模式均有使荒漠化正向演替的效果，演替程度逐渐增加。通过对不同种植模式下的土地进行荒漠化评价，旨在分析不同种植模式对荒漠化演替方向的影响，以期为改善不合理种植模式提供参考。

关键词: 农牧交错带, 花生, 种植模式, 荒漠化

CLC Number:

S565.2

Li QI, Zhenjia HE. Effects of Peanut Planting Modes on Desertification in the North Agro⁃pastoral Zone[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(9): 177-187.

齐丽, 何振嘉. 北方农牧交错带花生种植模式对荒漠化的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(9): 177-187.

Figures/Tables 11

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G：目标层 Target laye		B：准则层 Criterion layer		C：指标层 Index layer		数据来源 Data source
类型 Type	指标序号 Number of index serial	类型 Type	指标序号 Number of index serial	类型 Type	指标序号 Number of index serial	数据来源 Data source
彰武县北部荒漠化评价指标体系 Evaluation index system of desertification in the north of Zhangwu county	G₁	遥感 Remote sensing	B₁	地表反照率 Surface albedo/%	C₁	遥感调查、模型计算 Remote sensing survey， model calculation
		遥感 Remote sensing	B₁	植被覆盖指数 Normalized difference vegetation index/%	C₂	遥感调查、模型计算 Remote sensing survey， model calculation
		立地条件 Site conditions	B₂	土壤砂黏比 Soil sand viscosity ratio/%	C₃	土壤采样化验 Soil sampling test
		立地条件 Site conditions		坡度 Slope /（°）	C₄	DEM数据库 DEM database
		理化性状 Physical and chemical properties	B₃	全氮 Total nitrogen/ （g·kg^-1）	C₅	土壤采样化验 Soil sampling test
				胡敏酸/富里酸 HA/FA/%	C₆
				土壤有机质 Soil organic matter/（g·kg^-1）	C₇
		土地利用指数 Land use index	B₄	林木平均半径 Average radius of forest/m	C₈	实地调查 Field investigation
		土地利用指数 Land use index	B₄	农田防护林完备程度 Completeness of farmland shelterbelts/%	C₉	实地调查 Field investigation

G：目标层 Target laye		B：准则层 Criterion layer		C：指标层 Index layer		数据来源 Data source
类型 Type	指标序号 Number of index serial	类型 Type	指标序号 Number of index serial	类型 Type	指标序号 Number of index serial	数据来源 Data source
彰武县北部荒漠化评价指标体系 Evaluation index system of desertification in the north of Zhangwu county	G₁	遥感 Remote sensing	B₁	地表反照率 Surface albedo/%	C₁	遥感调查、模型计算 Remote sensing survey， model calculation
		遥感 Remote sensing	B₁	植被覆盖指数 Normalized difference vegetation index/%	C₂	遥感调查、模型计算 Remote sensing survey， model calculation
		立地条件 Site conditions	B₂	土壤砂黏比 Soil sand viscosity ratio/%	C₃	土壤采样化验 Soil sampling test
		立地条件 Site conditions		坡度 Slope /（°）	C₄	DEM数据库 DEM database
		理化性状 Physical and chemical properties	B₃	全氮 Total nitrogen/ （g·kg^-1）	C₅	土壤采样化验 Soil sampling test
				胡敏酸/富里酸 HA/FA/%	C₆
				土壤有机质 Soil organic matter/（g·kg^-1）	C₇
		土地利用指数 Land use index	B₄	林木平均半径 Average radius of forest/m	C₈	实地调查 Field investigation
		土地利用指数 Land use index	B₄	农田防护林完备程度 Completeness of farmland shelterbelts/%	C₉	实地调查 Field investigation

指标 Index	B₁	B₂	B₃	B₃	组合权重 Combination weight
C₁	0.250 0				0.015 1
C₂	0.750 0				0.045 3
C₅		0.066 9			0.010 9
C₆		0.220 0			0.035 7
C₇		0.713 2			0.115 7
C₃			0.166 7		0.048 0
C₄			0.833 3		0.239 9
C₈				0.250 0	0.122 4
C₉				0.750 0	0.367 1

指标 Index	B₁	B₂	B₃	B₃	组合权重 Combination weight
C₁	0.250 0				0.015 1
C₂	0.750 0				0.045 3
C₅		0.066 9			0.010 9
C₆		0.220 0			0.035 7
C₇		0.713 2			0.115 7
C₃			0.166 7		0.048 0
C₄			0.833 3		0.239 9
C₈				0.250 0	0.122 4
C₉				0.750 0	0.367 1

评价因子 Evaluation factor	分级 Grading	隶属度 Membership
林木平均半径 Average radius of forest/m	0	0.1
	<50	0.4
	50~99	0.7
	≥100	0.9
坡度 Slope/（°）	<2.0	0.9
	2.0~5.9	0.5
	≥6.0	0.1
农田防护林完备程度 Completeness of farmland shelterbelt	无 No	0.1
	中等 Medium	0.4
	良好 Good	0.7
	优秀 Excellent	0.9