Abstract:

In order to further improve germplasm and breed new screw pepper， 60 screw pepper germplasm materials through many years of selfing and homozygosity by the pepper team of Horticulture of College， Shanxi Agricultural University were as materials. The main agronomic traits were investigated and then the hereditary diversity， correlation analyais， principal component analysis （PCA） and clustering analysis were conducted. The results showed that the 11 agronomic traits had different degrees of variation， the coefficient of variation varied from 10.52% to 58.07%， with an average of 32.04%. The coefficient of variation of the fruit number per plant was the highest （58.07%）， and the coefficient of variation of the longitudinal diameter of fruit was the lowest （10.52%）. The correlation analysis showed that there were extremely significant positive correlations between plant height and plant span， between transverse diameter of fruit and pulp thickness， weight per fruit， between weight per fruit and ventricular number， pulp thickness， and there were significant positive correlations between transverse diameter of fruit and ventricular number. There were extremely significant negative correlations between longitudinal diameter of fruit and ventricular number， between fruits number per plant and pulp thickness， transverse diameter of fruit， weight per fruit， and there were significant negative correlations between fruits number per plant and ventricular number. Based on 11 agronomic traits， the principal component analysis got 4 principal components whose cumulative contribution rate was 70.628%； the cluster analysis divided 60 germplasms into 5 categories by Euclidean distance 5. Above results provided a basis for the utilization of germplasm resources and the breeding of screw pepper varieties suitable for market demand.

Key words: screw pepper, genetic diversity, germplasm resource, agronomic traits

摘要：

为进一步开展螺丝椒种质改良及新品种选育，选用山西农业大学园艺学院辣椒团队经多年自交纯合后的60份螺丝椒种质资源为材料，对其11个农艺性状进行调查并开展遗传多样性、相关性、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明，60份螺丝椒材料在11个农艺性状上均存在不同程度的变异，变异系数为10.52%~58.07%，平均32.04%；其中单株果数变异系数最大，为58.07%；果实纵径变异系数最小，为10.52%。相关性分析表明，株高与株幅、果实横径与果肉厚和单果重、单果重与心室数和果肉厚间表现为极显著正相关；果实横径与心室数间表现为显著正相关；果实纵径与心室数及单株果数与果肉厚、果实横径、单果重间表现为极显著负相关；单株果数与心室数间表现为显著负相关。基于11个农艺性状进行主成分分析，提取到4个主成分，累计贡献率为70.628%；聚类分析在欧式距离为5处将60份种质资源分为5类。以上结果为种质资源材料的利用及培育适合市场需求的螺丝椒品种提供依据。

关键词: 螺丝椒, 遗传多样性, 种质资源, 农艺性状