Table of Content

15 February 2007, Volume 9 Issue 1

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Advances of research on drought resistance |and water use efficiency in crop plants

JING Rui-lian

2007, 9(1):  1-5. 

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it is vital to develop water saving agriculture for reducing crisis of water resources, ensuring food supplies, entironmental securily and sustainable development of sociely. The present paper reviewed the status and problems on basic theory researches, techniques and criteria of identification and evaluation, gene resources dicovery, genetic improvement for crop plant drought resistance and high water use efficiency in crop plants. Development trends in these areas were further discussed.

Present situation of techniques and equipments |of monitoring crop water status

DUAN Ai-wang, MENG Zhao-jiang

2007, 9(1):  6-14. 

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Farmland irrigation is developing towards precision irrigation along with the development of society and progress of modern agricultural technologies.Crop water information collection is the basis of precision irrigation decision-making, and advanced, reliable monitoring equipments is a key of collecting crop water information conlinuously, quickly, and precisely. According to the position where the information is taken, crop water information can be classified as two kinds： soil water information and crop water information. Crop information also can be divided into two classifications： point infformation and regional information, based on the representative areas of the taken information. Four kinds of crop water information can be shown by combining the results of above two classifying methods： point soil water, point crop water, regional soil water and regional crop water. At present, main techniques for monitoring point soil water information in practice are Neutron Probe, TDR （Time Domain Reflecto- metry）, FDR（Frequency Domain Reflecctometry）, SWR（ Standing Wave Ratio）, Tensiometer. Main techniques for point crop water information are Leaf Water Potential, Stomatal Conductance, L Leaf Cell Sap Concentration, Canopy temperature, and Plant Transpiration Rate and so on. For regional soil water information are Satellite Remote Sensing and Monitoring Network, and for regional crop water information are Satellite Infrared Remote Sensing and Micro-wave Remote Sensing. There are special advantages, disadvantages and special utilization for every techniques and equipments. On research progresses and practical uses, the TDR, FDR and SWR are advantageous techniques for monitoring point soil water, plant transpiration rate, plant stem-diameter changes, and canopy in- frared temperature and three advantageous indexes for monitoring point crop water information. Combining TDR/ FDR/SWR soil water monitoring techniques with GPS/GMS/GPRS communication techniques are suitable measures of monitoring regional soil water information. Satellite Infrared Remote Sensing and Micro-wave Remote Sensing are main methods for monitoring regional soil water information （for bare or low-cover soil） and regional crop water information （for medium and hiigh cover soil）. The further improvement of these water monitoring techniques and development of relevant equipments with high-precision, reliability, and suitable price will be the main targets in crop water monitoring area in the future.

Rainwater harvesting and modern water saving agriculture

WU Pu-te

2007, 9(1):  15-20. 

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Rainwater harvesting have played important roles in water resources sustainable utilization especially in dry farming agriculture areas in China. Based on the scientific connotation of converting rainwater for resources and modern water saving agriculture, the paper analyzed the relationship belween the agriculture rainwater harvesting and modern water saving agriculture, and put forward and discussed that the agriculture rainwater harvesting is not only strategic basic job for developing modern water saving agriculture, but also one of important research field for modern water saving agriculture technology system. At last, the paper suggested some research and exploiting emphases for developing rainwater harvesting including theoretic research of rainwater harvesting.

The key technology of drip irrigation system

ZHAO Wan-hua

2007, 9(1):  21-25. 

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The key technology and equipments in the drip irrigation system are analyzed in the paper. A method is proposed to improved the properly of the irrigation system, And the research results in the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology in Xi＇an Jiaotong University are introduced in order to impprove the irrigation technology in China.

The safely use of treated waste water for irrigation in agriculture

HUANG Guan-hua

2007, 9(1):  26-35. 

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The use of treated waste water to irrigate agricultural land may bring about some problems. On the basis of the research results, the potential effects of salinity, heavy metals and tracer organic pollutant on soil, plant and groundwater, and the influence on irrigation equipment when irrigation with treated waste water were analyzed. The key points for further research in the field of irrigation with treated waste water have been pointed out. Quality standard for the irrigation with treated waste water and the irrigation management have been discussed. This paper may provide some basic practical implications to the use of treated waste water for agricultural irrigation.

Main technologies of high gluten wheat cultivation

ZHOU Bo

2007, 9(1):  36-38. 

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Baesd on problems of high-protein-wheat production, the imporlance of deep tillage and intensive cultivation, water controlling and nitrogenous fertilizer postponing in high gluten wheat cultivation were illustrated in this paper,and the main technologies of every growlh period of high-protein-wheat were also illustrated.

Analysis on the yield potential, stability and adaptability of |national authorized wheat variety Zhoumai 18

CAO Ting-jie, WANG xi-cheng| ZHAO Hong

2007, 9(1):  39-41. 

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D alas of national southern area Huanghuai and Henan Province wheat region tests are used to analyze the yield potential,stability and adaptability of Zhoumai 18. The results shows that national authorized wheat varify Zhoumai 18 is a excellent wheat variety with high yield potential, good yield stability and wide adaptability. It can be widely planted in the southern area of Huanghuai wheat plant Zone and Henna Province. Its yield potential is in the highest level in this wheat plant zone at present.

Advance on adaptability of soil physical and |chemical properties in tobacco

HUANG Cheng-iiang,ZHANG Xiao-hai,LI Tian-fu,WANG Shu-hui,LI Qiang

2007, 9(1):  42-46. 

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Good soil quality provides the probability for producing tobacco leaves with high quality. Its physical and chemical properties influence the quality of tobacco leaf directly. This paper summarizes the advance of adoptability of soil physical and chemical properties in tobacco.

Biological characteristics of the |and corn sheath pathogens from wheat sharp eyespot blight in hebei province

LI Yong-juan, LIU Shun, ZHU Jie-hua, CHENG Peng

2007, 9(1):  47-51. 

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College of Plant Protedion, Agricultural University of Hebei/Biolegical Control Center of  Plant Disease and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding 071001 ,China

Investigation and analysis for Jinan consumers＇ recognition |to genetically modified food

LIU Zhi-qiang| WANG Cheng-dong, LI Ning, ZHANG Jia-rong, ZHANG Ke-wei

2007, 9(1):  52-58. 

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The purpose of this survey was to have a better understanding of consumers＇ cognition and altitudes towards Genetically Modified Food （GMF） in Jinan, and to analyze the main factors influencing the altitudes of local consumers and the prospect of the development of GMF. We issued questionnaires to the public stochastically. The statistical findings showed that local consumers didn＇t know GMF well. Most consumers took neulral attiludes towards GMFF Media, mentality and cognition influenced the attitudes differently, especially the media. Most consum- ers supported the further development of GMF, Extreme reports may affect the consumers＇ attitude to a large extent. The present development of GMF neglects consumers＇ demand, but GMF have a bright prospect.

Review of China Agricultural Science and Technology

Tu De-yu, Dong Hong-min, Ding Wei-min, Shang Bin

2007, 9(1):  59-63. 

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The proximate, chemical components and ultimate analyses on swine, cattle, chicken and goat manure were conduded to demonstrate the feasibility of energy utilization by thermo-chemJcal technologies. The experimental results state that animal wastes is a type of biomass with comparable content of volatile matter and heat value with some agricultural residues such as corn stalks and rice straws and is adaptable to thermo-chemical managements. The energy balance analyses of air gasification of four kinds of manure were carried out and got the energy conversion efficiency about 50%. By analyzing the net energy production, the arlicle drew the conclusion that thermo-chemical conversion technology is quite effective in energy production in the condition that flesh manure could be dried by weather or composting processes. Animal manure utilization by thermo-chemical conversion technology has environmenta l and economical benefits.

A new model for agricultural extension based on universities |--Investigating and thinking about agricultural expert workshop

NIE Hai, HAO Li

2007, 9(1):  64-68. 

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Agricufiural universities, which have the advantages in brains, research and sci-tech information in the field of agriculture, is an important part of agricultural extension. However, the extension system based on the agricultural universities has no effective integration with the traditional system belongs to government at every level. Northwest A ＆ F University and the government of Baoji city explored the agricultural workshops for experts, which is a new model for agricultural extension based on sci-tech resources of university. The agricultural workshops located in the maior areas of main agri-praduct production, and made valid linkages between the university and farmers. This paper analyses the forming background, the operating mechanism and effects of agricultural expert workshop.

Multifunctionality of agriculture and evaluation index

GUO Xiao-yan, HU Zhi-quan

2007, 9(1):  69-73. 

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As the biggest industry in China, agricultural fundion is not limited to the produdion, but combine supply, social security,industry consecration, employment guarantee and ecology. Depended on multifundionality of agriculture,the evaluation index system of agricultural multifundionality are built in the paper.

the agriculture science and technology meeting exhibition Industry|the function of agriculture science and technology meeting exhibition industry|Yangling

LI Hua, ZHENG Shao-feng

2007, 9(1):  74-79. 

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the agriculture science and technology would became one of four greatest science and technologies meeting exhibition in our country industry, becoming the well-known brand of the national agriculture exhibition meeting,and having the importance of contribution towards solving our country ＂Agricultures, Village, Peasant＂. This paper applies the system analysis method, on the base of inquiring into the general function of the agriculture science and technology. First, analyze the general function of agriculture science and technology meeting exhibition industry, including the demonstration function, trade function, communicating function, expanding function and demonstration fundion; Second,with individual cases, unique agriculture city Yang Lingin our country, concretely displays individual function of the agriculture science and technology exhibition meeting in detail. Finally, the paper puts forward corresponding suggestion of supporting these functions .

Analysis in characteristics and influence factors of increasing farmer＇s income |and the disparity between the city and countryside inhabitant incomes

JI Ming-chuan

2007, 9(1):  80-85. 

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The core of Agriculture, countryside and farmer problems is increasing farmer＇s incomes. Increasing farmer＇s income will not only directly relate to domestic needs expanding, domestic market development as well as the advancement of industrialization and urbanization, but will also relate to the rural economy development continually, fast, healthily and coordinately. To increase farmer＇s income, the mechanism of agricultural income growth is clariified in this article.

Building a financial supporting system for new rural China

HU Gang,CHEN Xin-yu

2007, 9(1):  86-89. 

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Finance is the supporting mainstay of the development of rural economy and the key to resolve ＂San Nong＂ problems. But the existing rural financial system shackles the economy development in rural China. Based on the analyses to the actuality of financial market in rural China, the paths for building a strengthen financial supporting system for rural China has been put forward.

Agriculture as public goods and agricultural |service institution construction

ZHU Qi-zhen, LU Ke-rong

2007, 9(1):  90-94. 

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it is the precondition of scientific agricultural policies＇constitution to realize agricultural characters in a corred way. Agriculture is a public goods industry which mainly depends on the necessities of human needs to agricultural products, consumptive non-exclusion, supplying integration and multi-functions of agriculture. Therefore, government should not consider agriculture simply as an industrial sector of food supply, but sufficiently agriculture as public goods. In addition, establishing and developing agricultural service organization and providing productive, technical and marketing services for farmers are the indispensable conditions of agricultural specialization, scale and Industrialization, and they are also significant factors of modern agricultural system construction.