Table of Content

15 October 2018, Volume 20 Issue 10

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Study on Development of Rape Industry Based on Patent Large Data

LIU Qin1, ZHANG Yi2, YANG Yuming3, HU Lianglong1, ZHENG Yanyan1, TAN Lvke1, HUANG Xu1, TANG Yun1, WANG Yemeng1

2018, 20(10):  1-8.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0702

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In order to clarify the development status of rapeseed industry technology, using Innography patent analysis platform, this paper analyzed the global patent development trend of rape industry, major countries and innovative institutions, main IPC and technical hotspots, and patent intensity by patent data mining method. The paper also presented the innovation status of this technology by visualized method. The results showed that after 2013 the global rape industry had gradually entered the stage of technological aging period through experiencing technology germination and maturing stages. Mainland and Taiwan province of China were the important target markets for patent layout of the United States and Japan. The key technologies of rape industry were mainly concentrated in C12N, A01N, A61K and etc. subcategories. Chinas invention and innovation covered most of the technical hotspots, but there were still some hot areas lacking sufficient coverage. The U.S. patents intensity was far ahead, while the innovation of Chinas patent technology was facing challenge. Before ending, the paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the sustainable development of rape industry in China.

Research on Spectral Biology of Plant Factory with LED Lighting and Application Status

LIU Wenke

2018, 20(10):  9-14.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0669

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Plant factory is an inevitable developmental trend and the advanced stage of protected horticulture worldwide. Its essential advantage lies in all production factors, including artificial lighting can be intelligently controlled. As an ideal light source for plant factory, LED can provide all wavelengths of physiologically active radiation, thus enriching the connotation of photo-biology. Research and application of LED hasten the ramification of photo-biology. Plant factory is an ideal place and facility type for studies and application of plant photo-biology. Studies on plant photo-biology, regulation and control of LED light environment are of important application value for improving yield and quality of plant products produced by plant factory. The sustainable development of LED plant factory industry awaits for further revelation of photo-biology. This paper summarized the definition, connotation of plant photo-biology of plant factory with LED light; highlighted the substitution sufficiency and necessity for full spectrum by red plus blue light, ratio optimization of red light to blue light, continuous light by red blue light, UV-LED biology and circadian rhythms, etc. key research direction and new situation for research and application at home and abroad. Before ending, the paper pointed out the emphasis of R&D and application of plant photo-biology for future LED plant factory.

Enlightenment from Innovation and Extension System of Agricultural Science and Technology in the United States

XIONG Li, XU Linjie, JIAO Yue, ZHAI Yong*

2018, 20(10):  15-20.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0896

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As a fundamental requirement for accelerating agriculture development, establishment of an advanced innovation and extension system of agricultural science and technology is a basic task related to national economy and the peoples livelihood. In recent years, China has vigorously applied the policy of developing agriculture through science and education, which has greatly promoted the progress of agriculture. However, due to the imperfect layout of agricultural science and technology system, there is still a gap in agricultural science and technology development between China and the developed countries. The United States is an advanced country in agricultural science and technology. This paper analyzed the legal foundation and organization structure of American agricultural science and technology innovation and extension systems; and summarized their her main characteristics as: sound and perfect agricultural laws and regulations system, the R&D model full play individual advantages, an extension system with strong operability and wide coverage, etc.. These characteristics effectively promoted the development of agricultural science and technology in the United States with high quality. Combining the experience from America, this paper directed at the challenges facing agricultural science and technology development in China; put forward certain suggestions as: strengthening the policy and institution guarantee; optimizing system construction; paying equal attention to R&D and extension, etc., hoping to optimize and perfect the layout of agricultural science and technology system in China.

Influence of Different Fertilization on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Gene Expression in Middle Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco

WU Feiyue1, SHEN Yan2, YANG Zhenzhi2, YU Qiwei2, HUANG Huagang1,2*, MA Ming3*, JIA Hongfang1

2018, 20(10):  21-28.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0655

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In order to explore the effect of different fertilization patterns (organic and inorganic fertilizer) on balance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco during mature period, this experiment taking Yuyan 87 as material, and set 2 treatments of conventional fertilizer and organic fertilizer on the basis of consistent amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and studied the structure of tobacco leaf cell and expression of related genes. The results of cell ultrastructure anaysis showed that organic fertilizer could increase starch granule during maturing stage. Inorganic fertilizer made the total sugar content significantly lower than that of inorganic fertilizer during mature stage (70~80 d), but their contents were basically the same untill 90 d, indicating the middle leaves possessed strong ability of sugar accumulation. Analysis of further cell gene expression analysis showed that organic fertilizer could significantly promote the expression of carbon metabolism genes during maturing stage (60~80 d). Organic fertilizer made the total nitrogen content of middle leaves reached the highest in 70 d, then experienced a trend of increasing first then decreasing. While, the inorganic fertilizer made the total nitrogen content decreased during the maturig stage. The total nitrogen contents of 2 treatments were almost the same at 90 d, indicating that the tabacco leaves had experienced a rapid but transitory nitrogen accumulation during maturing stage. The nicotine content by organic fertilizer was lower than that by the inorganic fertilizer, indicating that the lower nicotine content might be related to the transportation of nicotine from the middle leaves to upper leaves. The high expressions level of NRT1 and ODC genes under organic fertilization were the main reason for the accumulation of total nitrogen and nicotine during maturing stage (60~70 d). These results indicated that organic fertilization could enhance the accumulation of total sugar and total nitrogen, reduce nicotine content, and greatly influence the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the middle leaves.

Growth Dynamic Analysis of Lily Under Richards Equation

SUN Mingwei1, ZHAO Tongli1, SHAO Xiaobin1*, ZHU Pengbo1, TANG Xueyan1, WANG Jiangying1, CHEN Cuizhu2

2018, 20(10):  29-35.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0170

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In order to provide necessary technical reference for further accurate management of water and fertilizer in lily, this paper studied its growth process from vegetative growth to reproductive. with Lilium ‘Conca D,or’ as material, and fitted the measured data of plant height, leaves, stems, flower bracts by Richards equation and exponential equation, and then constructed the growth model. The results showed as follows: the plant heights equation was Y=48.151/(1+64.478e-0.235x)1/0.235; the leaves equation was Y=3.429/(1+0.006e-0.105x)1/0.001; the stems equation was Y=7.387/(1+2 245.212e-0.223x)1/0.9638; the flower bracts was Y=15.313/(1+841.027e-0.136x)1/1.687. The determination coefficients R2 of the four growth equations were 0.999, 0.985, 0.994 and 0.989, respectively. The measured values of the growth curves were highly fitted with the predicted values, and the growth law of “slow-fast-slow” was satisfied. The four growth equations revealed the growth law of lily organs from vegetative growth to reproductive growth and could predict the growth condition of the perianth piece after the bud was cracked.

Effects of Soil Conditioner on Carbon Metabolism Fingerprints of Soil Microbial in Tobacco Fields

DAN Junhao1, QI Shaowu1,2*, LI Juan1, ZHU Yi3, JIN Huiyong4, LIANG Zhongzhe1

2018, 20(10):  36-43.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0199

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In order to explore the effects of soil conditioner on soil microbial functional diversity in tobacco planting fields, this study took flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 as material to explore the differences of microbial carbon metabolism fingerprints in tobacco planting soil by Biolog-Eco detection method under 4 different levels of soil conditioner including CK(0 kg/hm2), T1(1 500 kg/hm2), T2(3 000 kg/hm2), T3（4 500 kg/hm2）. The results showed that: ① When the application amount of soil conditioner was 3 000 kg/hm2, flue-cured tobacco had the strongest ability to use the 4 kinds of carbon sources, including carboxylic acids, amines, polymers and other types during tobacco maturing period. ② Principal component analysis showed that there were 4 kinds of sensitive carbon sources to distinguish soil conditioner, including carbohydrate, carboxylic acids, amino acids and amines; while sensitive carbon sources polymers and other types were to distinguish soil conditioner application amount. ③ Soil microbial community functional diversity index showed that T2 had the highest of mcIntosh index, 82.85% higher than that of the CK. Moreover, there were no significant difference in Richness index and Simpson index among the 4 treatments. Thus, it could be seen that the application of soil conditioner had significantly improved carbon metabolism intensity and community functional diversity of the tobacco planting soil. 3 000 kg/hm2 application rate had the best performance. The above results provided certain theoretical basis for applying soil conditioner in tobacco planting fields.

Application Progress of Metabolomics in Tea Quality and Pharmacological Research

WU Wenliang1,2, LIN Yong1, HUANG Hao2, LIU Zhonghua1*, HUANG Jianan1

2018, 20(10):  44-54.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0252

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Metabolomics is an important part of system biology. It reveals the physiological state of organisms by studing the changes of small molecule metabolites under different conditions. Recently, metabolomics has been widely applied in tea research. This paper reviewed with emphasis the present status of applying metabolomics in tea research including tea quality (producing environment, picking time, effect of processing technology on tea quality and quality evaluation, etc.) and pharmacology (tea function of reducing fat and losing weight, anti-aging, anti-radiation, bioavailability and biotransformation, etc.). Metabolics would play an irreplaceable role in forming and evaluating tea quality.

Monitoring of Wheat Spatial Distribution Dynamic Change in Jiangsu Province

SUN Ling, SHAN Jie, QIU Lin, WANG Zhiming, MAO Liangjun, HUANG Xiaojun

2018, 20(10):  55-65.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0149

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In order to reveal the regional characteristics and spatial patterns of dynamic change of wheat in recent years in Jiangsu province, this paper extracted wheat area data of different years in Jiangsu based on remote sensing techniques, and analyzed the regional changes and spatial patterns of wheat area by grid and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results showed that there was a strong regional agglomeration effect on wheat planting area in Jiangsu province from 2011 to 2017, and the agglomeration degree and contiguous planting increased year by year. By 2017, high agglomeration area for wheat planting was centrally distributed in the north of Huaihe River and irrigation canal, low agglomeration area was mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River and west of Suzhou. Since 2013, the wheat planting was greatly reduced in southern Jiangsu, especially in Ningzhenyang hilly region. The same trend also occurred in Lixiahe river region of central Jiangsu, but the decreasing degree was more moderate. The wheat area in northern Jiangsu maintained relatively stable, although partially reduced in hilly region of Xuzhou and Lianyungang city. Overall, the wheat area of Jiangsu decreased since 2013, but the spatial pattern suitable for wheat production in Jiangsu took shape. The results provided scientific basis for future cropping structure adjustment and agricultural supply-side structural reform.

Mechanical Structure Design and Analysis of Medium-sized Fruit Picker

QIAO Yuhang, CAI Xiaojun*

2018, 20(10):  66-72.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0471

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At present, fruit harvesting is more manual work, accounting for about 40% of the total industry workload. Labor costs are large, and there are safety risks to workers as well. A medium-sized fruit picker was designed, which used a motor to drive the tyre movement, and the gripper drived its rotation. Through the finite element analysis (FEA) of the strength and rationality of the mechanical structure of the part, a feasible design scheme of the channel drop fruit picking device was obtained. The design aligned with relevant regulations, had the advantages of being reasonable and feasible, easy to operate, low cost, effectively reduced the risk of fruit manual picking, reduced the labor intensity, so was significant to ensure timely harvest of fruits and improve fruit quality.

Studies on Lateral Root Biomass and Growth Inequality Phenomenon in Oasis Water-saving Shelterbelt

ZHAO Yingming1,2,3, LEI Yuancai4, YANG Wenbin1*, BAO Chunyan5, GAO Junliang1,2,3, HUANG Yaru2,3, HAO Yuguang2,3

2018, 20(10):  73-84.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0568

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In order to understand the ecological characteristics of the oasis shelterbelt root system formed in adapting drought climate; verify the lateral root biomass distribution structure of the farmland shelterbelt in arid region, this paper measured the lateral root biomass of different soil layers of Populus alba var. pyramidalis shelterbelt of farm-channel-forest-road type in Dengkou oasis of Ulan Buh Desert by the method of space instead of time. The results showed that with the increase of diameter at breast height (DBH), the lateral root biomass of each diameter grade had an increasing trend, the biomass of rough and large lateral roots accounted for over 81.55% of the lateral root biomass, being the main part of the lateral root biomass. The rest parts were the biomass of medium, small and thin lateral roots. The proportion of rough root biomass increased with the increase of DBH, while the biomass of roots of large, middle, small and fine roots decreased. Through survey, 17 lateral root biomass growth models were established. Their significance were all outstanding proofed by regression model test. The growth of lateral root biomass in 5 grades of shelterbelt in oasis farmland were unbalanced and biased. Along with the increased of DBH, the biomass growth of lateral roots tended to be polarity, and this was the result of evolution when the artificial forest adapted to the drought environment.

Effects of Reduction of Chemical Fertilizer and Organic Manure Supplement on Spring Cabbage Yield and Quality

YANG Peng1§, YAN Lixia2§, PU Quanming1*, MA Jiabin1, XIANG Chengyong1*, LIU Chao3, GENG Mingming1, DENG Yuchuan1, LIN Bangmin1, YONG Lei1

2018, 20(10):  85-94.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0038

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Reducing chemical fertilizer and adding organic manure is an effective way to achieve zero growth of chemical fertilizers application, so this paper took purple soil as substrate and studied the effect of reducing fertilizer by adding organic manure on high yield and quality of spring cabbage. Six different fertilization patterns were adopted for 2 successive years, including FCF (farmers routine chemical fertilizer), CK (recommended quantity by Agricultural Department of Sichuan Province), T-10 (amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 10% than CK), T-20 (amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 20% than CK), T-30 (amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 30% than CK), T-40 (amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 40% than CK), and then organic manure was added to top up the loss of fertilizer efficiency and analyzed the effects of different fertilization treatments on yield and quality of spring cabbage. The results showed that reducing chemical fertilizer and adding organic manure could significantly increase the yield of spring cabbage and improve its quality. Compared with CK, yield increase rate of T-10 and T-20 was over 9.8%. In addition, the sensory quality, nutritional quality and safety quality of T-30 were significantly higher than that of the other fertilization treatments, indicating that reducing chemical fertilizer application and adding organic manure could significantly increase the yield and quality of spring cabbage. This fertilization model was rational for increasing stable yield and improving quality of spring cabbage in purple soil areas. This paper provided theoretical basis for utilizing organic manure resources in purple soil regions and adjusting fertilization structure of spring cabbage.

Influences of Exogenous Selenium on the Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics and Chemical Composition in Flue-cured Tobacco under Drought Stress

CHEN Biao1, ZHANG Jie1, MA Xiaohan1, WANG Xiaodong2, LI Jiwei2, XU Zicheng1*

2018, 20(10):  95-104.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0666

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In order to explore the regulating effect of exogenous selenium on growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco under drought stress, this paper studied the effects of different concentration exogenous selenium (4 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg) on the rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves under drought stress. JIP-test analysis showed that there was a significant K point in the O-J-I-P curve after drought stress, and the △K value showed that drought treatment + 12 mg/kg selenium > drought treatment > drought treatment + 4 mg/kg selenium. The results showed that 4 mg/kg selenium could effectively relieve the stress of photosynthetic organs under drought treatment, but 12 mg/kg selenium treatment aggravate the damage to photosynthetic organs under drought stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), the performance index (PIABS and PItotal), the reaction center density (RC/CSm), the leaf absorption per unit area (ABS/CSm), the capture energy (TRo/CSm), the conversion energy (ETo/CSm) and the energy distribution ratio were significantly reduced, while the heat dissipation quantum ratio (φDo) and the heat dissipation per unit area (DIo/CSm) were significantly increased under drought stress. The addition of 4 mg/kg selenium could stabilize the structure and function of photosynthetic system by reducing the damage of PS reaction center, promoting the transmission of electrons between PSⅡand PSⅠ, optimizing the distribution of energy in PSⅡ reaction center. And the addition of 12 mg/kg selenium was further amplified the damage of drought stress on the photosynthetic activity and photosynthetic performance of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The addition of 4 mg/kg selenium could improve the chlorophyll content of leaves under drought stress, improve the content of potassium, reducing sugar and total sugar in tobacco leaves, thus improve the quality of tobacco leaves. And the addition of 12 mg/kg selenium could reduce the chlorophyll content, showing synergistic effect with drought stress, further reducing the quality of tobacco leaves under drought stress.

Effect of Continuous Cropping with Film Covering on Soil Nematode Communities in Maize Field

LI Xiaolan, XIANG Jishan, PANG Yanfei, WU Hao, LI Xue, CHEN Gaowa, TIAN Biao, BAI Guangyu

2018, 20(10):  105-114.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0827

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Nematode has been widely used as indicative organism in the field of soil ecology, and also an important organism indicating soil health. In order to investigate the effect of continuous cropping with film mulch on soil ecosystem, this paper compared and studied the differences in soil physico-chemical properties, soil nematode functional groups and ecological indices between film mulch and non-mulch in maize fields of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that mulch for continuous cropping field significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01) reduced soil moisture content, porosity, silt particle content, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorous, cation exchange capacity, and contents of sucrase, protease and urease, while soil bulk density, contents of sand and catalase significantly increased (P<0.01). Total 55 nematode genera were identified, 49 of them in maize fields with mulch, 50 in fields without mulch. In the maize fields with mulch, the quantities of bacterivores, fungivores, plant parasites, c-p1 groups, c-p2 groups were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those in maize fields without mulch. The summed maturity index (MMI), maturity index of free-living (MI) and channel index (CI) were significantly higher in film mulching maize fields than those in maize fields without mulch, While the enrichment index (EI) was significantly lower than that in maize fields without mulch, indicating that the continuous cropping with mulch had changed soil environment, reduced various soil physical and chemical indices, affected soil nematode community structure, reduced soil nematode number and composition, so soil health was deteriorated.

Research Progress on Residue Analysis of Organic Arsenic

ZHAO Ying, WEI Yue*, YE Hongyan, MA Jingjun*, CHENG Bingxiao

2018, 20(10):  115-122.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0801

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Organic arsenic preparation is a kind of organic synthesis of veterinary drugs with antibacterial, growth promoting function, and often used as feed additive. After long-term application of this veterinary drug, arsenic drugs would accumulate in animals tissues and organs, and harm human health through food chain. This paper took 3-nitro 4-hydroxy benzyl arsenic acid, amino benzyl arsenic acid and other major organic arsenic preparation as research objects, broadly summarized the research progress of the organic arsenic preparations residues at home and abroad from the aspects of pre-treatment methods and instrument detection, etc.; discussed in-depth the innovative means of veterinary drug analysis and its development trends, hoping to provide more methods and ideas for rapid, accurate and green analysis of trace veterinary drug residues in the future.

Stock Assessment of Antarctic Krill in FAO 48.1 Sub-area by Bayes-based Pella-Tomlinson Model

YANG Jialiang1,2, HUANG Hongliang1,2*, LI Jiuqi3, LIU Jian1, LI Lingzhi1,WU Yue1, QU Taichun1,2, CHEN Shuai1

2018, 20(10):  123-130.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0600

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Antarctic krill is very abundant in the area surrounding Antarctica and its development potential has received worldwide attention considerably. However, the trigger level has been controlled in 155 000 t in sub-area 48.1 by Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) for many years, and it has caused considerable controversy. Based on the statistical data of CCAMLR from 2006-2015 in 48.1 sub-area and Bayes-based Pella-Tomlinson model, the stock assessment of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in 48.1 sub-area was present in this paper. The results indicated that: The carrying capacity (K) of Antarctic krill in 48.1 sub-area was about (1.93～7.84)×107 t. The intrinsic growth rate was about 0.4~0.6, and the estimated stock biomass of Antarctic krill in 48.1 sub-area was 3.88×107 t in 2016. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of Antarctic krill in 48.1 sub-area was 5.5×106 t. The trigger level of Antarctic krill in 48.1 sub-area was only 1.55×105 t, which was far less than the MSY. So the krill stock in 48.1 sub-area was almost in underdeveloped state and the trigger level should be increased to 5.5×105 t in the future.

Determination of Phenylethanolamine A in Pork and Pork Liver Using QuEChERS-HPLC-MS/MS

LIU Yan1, WANG Jianming1*, WANG Min2, ZHOU Jian2, WEN Luhong3*, ZHAO Peng3

2018, 20(10):  131-137.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0592

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In this paper, a method of QuEChERS combining with high effective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was established for testing phenylethanolamine A in pork and pork liver. Homogenized samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and then the supernatant fliud was defatted with n-hexane, anhydrous sodium sulfate was added to water. When N-propyl ethylenediamine (PSA) adsorbent was dispersive and solid-phase extraction purified, qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted by HPLC-MS/MS. Taking ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm) chromatographic column and methanol-0.1% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution as mobile phase, a gradient elution was carried out. The analytes were detected by tandem mass spectrometry under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) and quantified by phenylethanolamine A-D3 as an internal label of isotope. The results showed that when phenylethanolamine A concentration was ranged between 0.1~40 μg/kg, the matrix matching standard curve linearity of pork and pork liver was good, quantitative limit was 0.1 μg/kg, and detection limit was 0.05 μg/kg.

Rapid Identification of Four Serotypes of Listeria Monocytogenes Using MALDI-TOF/TOF Technique

YAN Jun1,2, WANG Ping2, ZHAO Xiaomei2, CHEN Ying2*, SUN Dongmei1*

2018, 20(10):  138-145.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0749

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Listeria monocytogenes is an important zoonotic pathogenic bacteria. The traditional serological identification method is time consuming and cumbersome to operate, and current multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods cannot accurately determine its specific serotype. Based on the quick, accurate and high-flux, etc. characteristics of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-tandem time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF), this paper established an identification method for 4 serotypes of L. monocytogenes, so as to distinguish the L. monocytogenes in food sample in a large quantity with high speed. The isolated and standard strains of 4 serotypes of L. monocytogenes were detected under the optimized MALDI-TOF/TOF condition, and the characterisic peaks of mass spectrum of 4 L. monocytogenes serotypes were discovered. This paper selected the optimal support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and established discriminant model of serotype difference based on 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c and 4b, and identified 4 L. monocytogenes serotypes by this model. Thus, a fast MALDI-TOF/TOF identification method for 4 L. monocytogenes serotypes was preliminarily established. Taking these 4 standard strains as positive control and 144 strains isolated from food for detect objects, this paper identified 4 L. monocytogenes serotypes by this method, and the accuracy rates of 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c and 4b reached 92.7%, 90.3%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The accuracy rate of multiplex PCR were 71.4%, 87.0%, 96.2% and 95.0%, respectively. Visibly, the established MALDI-TOF/TOF typing method could be used for rapid identification of 4 L. monocytogenes serotypes. Compared with multiplex PCR method, this method had the characteristics of quick, high-flux, good reproducibility, etc., so it could be used for fast serotype identification of L. monocytogenes in food.

Influence of Bee Venom on Endogenous Metabolism of Sprague-Dawley Rats Using LC-MS/MS

WANG Qingyu, ZHANG Jianmei, ZHAO Yazhou, PENG Wenjun*

2018, 20(10):  146-153.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0721

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To explore the influence of bee venom on endogenous metabolism, this study used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyze the effect of bee venom on the metabolites and possibly involved metabolism pathways in rats serum. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with the same age, the same gender and the same physical condition were chosen and divided into 3 groups including bee sting group (group A), stabbing group (group B) and the control group (group C) at random. Rats in group A and B were single stung by honeybees and needle, respectively. 10 min after sting, serum specimens from these 3 groups would be analyzed by LC-MS/MS. In positive and negative ion mode, partial least squares-discriminate analysis was adopted to establish mathematical model, and their stability would be tested later. The results indicated that there were significant differences in types and quantities of influenced metabolites among different groups. The number of differential metabolite related to bee venom, sting and stabbing were 71, 39 and 24, respectively. After further screening, 9 potential biomarkers were found showing relation with bee venom, including carnitine, acetylcarnitine, Lyso PC, Lyso-PA, lyso-PS, lyso-PE, IL-20, linoleic, and sphinganine. And they were mainly involved in 4 metabolic pathways, including linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipids catabolism, phospholipid catabolism, Alanine and Aspartate anabolism. The results indicated that sting, stabbing and bee venom all influence endogenous metabolites of SD rats. Comparing with stabbing, bee venom showed relatively stronger effect. According to the physiological function of affected metabolic pathways, it was speculated that the effect of bee venom on endogenous metabolisms was mainly involved in the metabolic process of fatty-acid, and exploration about this process had significant meaning for physiology.