5个栽培类型药菊分枝期抗旱性综合评价

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0519

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究干旱胁迫对不同栽培类型药菊分枝期生长的影响，并评价不同药菊种质资源的抗旱性，以5个栽培类型药菊为试验材料，分别测定其农艺性状、生物积累量、生理特性等相关指标，并利用隶属函数法、主成分分析、相关分析进行抗旱性综合评价和抗旱鉴定指标筛选。结果表明，干旱胁迫下药菊分枝期的生长受到抑制，株高降低、茎粗减小、分枝数变少、生物量积累减少；渗透物质脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量普遍增加；抗逆酶活性增强，膜脂过氧化程度加剧。抗旱性综合评价表明，各栽培类型药菊在分枝期的抗旱性强弱依次为：怀菊（‘怀白菊’）>滁菊>亳菊>皇菊>杭菊（‘大洋菊’）。研究结果为药菊种质选育、高产高效栽培奠定了基础。

关键词: 菊花, 分枝期, 主成分分析, 隶属函数分析, 抗旱性综合评价

Abstract:

In order to investigate the impact of drought stress on growth of different cultivated types of medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. at branching stage， as well as to assess their drought resistance， 5 cultivation types of medicinal C. morifolium were used as experimental materials， and the agronomic traits， bioaccumulation， physiological characteristics and related indicators of each material were measured. The membership function method， principal component analysis， and correlation analysis were employed for a comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance. The results showed that under drought stress， plant height， stem diameter， branch number and biomass accumulation decreased in the branching stage. The contents of proline， soluble sugar and soluble protein were generally increased. The anti-stress enzyme activity was enhanced， and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation was aggravated. The comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance showed that the drought resistance of each cultivation type of medicinal C. morifolium during the branching stage was ranked as follows： Huaiju （‘Huaibaiju’） > Chuju > Boju > Huangju > Hangju （‘Dayangju’）. The results could provide a foundation for medicinal C. morifolium germplasm selection and promoting high-yield and efficient cultivation practices.

Key words: Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., branching stage, principal component analysis, membership function analysis, comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance

中图分类号:

S567.5

孟盼盼, 何海燕, 曹钰昕, 张丽欣, 吕清豪, 祁瑞林, 张红瑞. 5个栽培类型药菊分枝期抗旱性综合评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(2): 90-99.

Panpan MENG, Haiyan HE, Yuxin CAO, Lixin ZHANG, Qinghao LYU, Ruilin QI, Hongrui ZHANG. Comprehensive Evaluation of 5 Cultivation Types of Medicinal Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. at Branching Stage[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(2): 90-99.

图/表 6

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栽培类型 Cultivation type	处理 Treatment	株高 Height/cm	茎粗 Stem diameter/mm	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	分枝数 Number of branches	叶厚 Leaf thickness/mm
亳菊Boju	CK	55.55±1.53 a	7.11±0.33 a	4.89±0.17 a	4.48±0.12 a	8.56±0.21 a	0.65±0.07 a
亳菊Boju	D	45.46±1.00 b	6.25±0.41 b	4.53±0.18 a	3.88±0.08 b	6.71±0.97 b	0.50±0.06 b
滁菊Chuju	CK	54.03±1.77 a	8.21±0.63 a	4.53±0.26 a	4.30±0.24 a	7.13±1.70 a	0.61±0.05 a
滁菊Chuju	D	45.29±3.13 b	7.14±0.51 b	4.15±0.34 a	3.84±0.26 b	5.73±1.17 b	0.49±0.08 b
杭菊Hangju	CK	56.17±1.65 a	9.55±0.76 a	6.24±0.49 a	5.78±0.28 a	7.83±1.06 a	0.51±0.03 a
杭菊Hangju	D	42.66±3.06 b	8.16±0.42 b	5.82±0.30 a	4.82±0.21 b	5.88±0.85 b	0.38±0.04 b
皇菊Huangju	CK	66.54±3.78 a	10.53±0.76 a	5.28±0.30 a	4.50±0.22 a	11.78±1.15 a	0.64±0.06 a
皇菊Huangju	D	52.43±3.73 b	8.48±0.54 b	4.52±0.77 b	3.65±0.29 b	9.97±1.56 b	0.43±0.04 b
怀菊Huaiju	CK	61.56±2.95 a	8.53±0.47 a	4.98±0.38 a	4.77±0.18 a	7.56±0.88 a	0.68±0.07 a
怀菊Huaiju	D	51.51±3.61 b	7.11±0.61 b	4.43±0.41 b	4.14±0.12 b	6.10±0.72 b	0.56±0.04 b

栽培类型 Cultivation type	处理 Treatment	株高 Height/cm	茎粗 Stem diameter/mm	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	分枝数 Number of branches	叶厚 Leaf thickness/mm
亳菊Boju	CK	55.55±1.53 a	7.11±0.33 a	4.89±0.17 a	4.48±0.12 a	8.56±0.21 a	0.65±0.07 a
亳菊Boju	D	45.46±1.00 b	6.25±0.41 b	4.53±0.18 a	3.88±0.08 b	6.71±0.97 b	0.50±0.06 b
滁菊Chuju	CK	54.03±1.77 a	8.21±0.63 a	4.53±0.26 a	4.30±0.24 a	7.13±1.70 a	0.61±0.05 a
滁菊Chuju	D	45.29±3.13 b	7.14±0.51 b	4.15±0.34 a	3.84±0.26 b	5.73±1.17 b	0.49±0.08 b
杭菊Hangju	CK	56.17±1.65 a	9.55±0.76 a	6.24±0.49 a	5.78±0.28 a	7.83±1.06 a	0.51±0.03 a
杭菊Hangju	D	42.66±3.06 b	8.16±0.42 b	5.82±0.30 a	4.82±0.21 b	5.88±0.85 b	0.38±0.04 b
皇菊Huangju	CK	66.54±3.78 a	10.53±0.76 a	5.28±0.30 a	4.50±0.22 a	11.78±1.15 a	0.64±0.06 a
皇菊Huangju	D	52.43±3.73 b	8.48±0.54 b	4.52±0.77 b	3.65±0.29 b	9.97±1.56 b	0.43±0.04 b
怀菊Huaiju	CK	61.56±2.95 a	8.53±0.47 a	4.98±0.38 a	4.77±0.18 a	7.56±0.88 a	0.68±0.07 a
怀菊Huaiju	D	51.51±3.61 b	7.11±0.61 b	4.43±0.41 b	4.14±0.12 b	6.10±0.72 b	0.56±0.04 b

栽培类型 Cultivation type	处理 Treatment	叶鲜重 Fresh weight of leaves/g	叶干重 Dry weight of leaves/g	地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight/g	地下部干重 Underground dry weight/g	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	叶片相对含水量 Relative water content in leaves
亳菊Boju	CK	0.67±0.10 a	0.11±0.01 a	49.41±1.22 a	12.62±0.04 a	0.26±0.06 b	0.84±0.01 a
亳菊Boju	D	0.40±0.05 b	0.08±0.01 b	29.83±0.79 b	10.39±0.03 b	0.32±0.13 a	0.70±0.01 b
滁菊Chuju	CK	0.52±0.05 a	0.10±0.01 a	52.80±1.15 a	15.57±0.05 a	0.29±0.05 a	0.84±0.01 a
滁菊Chuju	D	0.46±0.03 b	0.07±0.00 b	40.78±0.51 b	13.34±0.08 b	0.30±0.05 a	0.72±0.01 b
杭菊Hangju	CK	1.13±0.04 a	0.18±0.01 a	88.50±1.43 a	18.26±0.20 a	0.20±0.01 a	0.84±0.02 a
杭菊Hangju	D	0.64±0.05 b	0.15±0.01 b	66.73±1.11 b	13.46±0.14 b	0.22±0.03 a	0.70±0.01 b
皇菊Huangju	CK	0.56±0.01 a	0.13±0.00 a	75.30±0.89 a	17.36±0.13 a	0.22±0.02 b	0.77±0.00 a
皇菊Huangju	D	0.36±0.03 b	0.09±0.01 b	48.63±0.23 b	11.97±0.02 b	0.26±0.01 a	0.61±0.01 b
怀菊Huaiju	CK	0.58±0.08 a	0.11±0.01 a	56.40±1.16 a	15.34±0.10 a	0.27±0.04 a	0.82±0.01 a
怀菊Huaiju	D	0.50±0.03 b	0.09±0.01 b	40.44±1.13 b	12.04±0.08 b	0.27±0.08 a	0.69±0.01 b

栽培类型 Cultivation type	处理 Treatment	叶鲜重 Fresh weight of leaves/g	叶干重 Dry weight of leaves/g	地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight/g	地下部干重 Underground dry weight/g	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	叶片相对含水量 Relative water content in leaves
亳菊Boju	CK	0.67±0.10 a	0.11±0.01 a	49.41±1.22 a	12.62±0.04 a	0.26±0.06 b	0.84±0.01 a
亳菊Boju	D	0.40±0.05 b	0.08±0.01 b	29.83±0.79 b	10.39±0.03 b	0.32±0.13 a	0.70±0.01 b
滁菊Chuju	CK	0.52±0.05 a	0.10±0.01 a	52.80±1.15 a	15.57±0.05 a	0.29±0.05 a	0.84±0.01 a
滁菊Chuju	D	0.46±0.03 b	0.07±0.00 b	40.78±0.51 b	13.34±0.08 b	0.30±0.05 a	0.72±0.01 b
杭菊Hangju	CK	1.13±0.04 a	0.18±0.01 a	88.50±1.43 a	18.26±0.20 a	0.20±0.01 a	0.84±0.02 a
杭菊Hangju	D	0.64±0.05 b	0.15±0.01 b	66.73±1.11 b	13.46±0.14 b	0.22±0.03 a	0.70±0.01 b
皇菊Huangju	CK	0.56±0.01 a	0.13±0.00 a	75.30±0.89 a	17.36±0.13 a	0.22±0.02 b	0.77±0.00 a
皇菊Huangju	D	0.36±0.03 b	0.09±0.01 b	48.63±0.23 b	11.97±0.02 b	0.26±0.01 a	0.61±0.01 b
怀菊Huaiju	CK	0.58±0.08 a	0.11±0.01 a	56.40±1.16 a	15.34±0.10 a	0.27±0.04 a	0.82±0.01 a
怀菊Huaiju	D	0.50±0.03 b	0.09±0.01 b	40.44±1.13 b	12.04±0.08 b	0.27±0.08 a	0.69±0.01 b

栽培类型 Cultivation type	组别 Group	脯氨酸含量 Pro content/ （mg·g^-1）	可溶性糖含量 SS content/（mg·g^-1）	可溶性蛋白含量 SP content/ （mg·g^-1）	丙二醛含量MDA content/ （mmol·g^-1）	超氧化物歧化酶活性 SOD activity /（U·g^-1）	过氧化物酶活性 POD activity/ （U·g^-1·min^-1）	叶绿素绝对含量 Absolute chlorophyll content/（mg·g^-1）	SPAD值 SPAD value
杭菊 Hangju	CK	65.86±8.76 b	28.34±4.67 a	25.81±3.37 b	0.08±0.02 b	478.49±24.16 b	435.37±69.17 b	1.76±0.12 a	47.81±3.90 a
杭菊 Hangju	D	110.91±7.84 a	30.61±2.74 a	33.89±3.16 a	0.10±0.02 a	656.38±9.49 a	791.11±35.99 a	1.31±0.11 b	38.80±1.85 b
滁菊 Chuju	CK	33.20±3.23 b	20.88±2.07 b	26.53±4.12 b	0.16±0.04 b	498.58±21.34 b	373.89±36.35 b	2.14±0.19 a	54.03±2.39 a
滁菊 Chuju	D	56.72±5.91 a	26.65±0.86 a	36.59±3.85 a	0.19±0.02 a	700.12±27.84 a	681.78±41.64 a	1.72±0.22 b	46.47±2.89 b
亳菊 Boju	CK	62.28±13.07 b	27.28±2.55 a	30.87±4.53 b	0.19±0.02 b	522.28±7.03 b	552.04±27.72 b	1.72±0.17 a	47.58±4.95 a
亳菊 Boju	D	95.44±10.34 a	29.46±1.11 a	42.16±5.82 a	0.22±0.02 a	706.37±29.42 a	1 035.26±17.26 a	1.22±0.07 b	38.61±2.89 b
皇菊Huangju	CK	100.45±6.82 b	29.52±1.68 a	26.48±3.13 b	0.22±0.01 b	501.24±9.85 b	464.07±35.91 b	2.19±0.19 a	56.63±5.60 a
皇菊Huangju	D	147.85±9.42 a	32.96±1.05 a	35.70±3.54 a	0.29±0.03 a	642.37±24.82 a	800.59±41.64 a	1.71±0.18 b	47.01±3.08 b
怀菊 Huaiju	CK	107.22±18.77 b	25.09±1.04 a	31.20±4.42 b	0.22±0.02 b	495.11±5.85 b	541.48±42.53 b	2.08±0.20 a	61.86±4.13 a
怀菊 Huaiju	D	167.11±9.36 a	28.39±1.01 a	40.07±3.69 a	0.26±0.04 a	669.05±35.35 a	1 002.22±59.71 a	1.60±0.15 b	50.84±3.94 b