86份谷子种质资源萌发期抗旱性综合评价及筛选

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0515

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 39-51.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0515

86份谷子种质资源萌发期抗旱性综合评价及筛选

薛新伟¹^,²(), 刘丹², 张姼², 韩雯毓¹^,³, 穆安康², 于智坤², 杨帆², 温雅辉², 张家林², 张永平¹(), 王显瑞²()

^1.内蒙古农业大学农学院，呼和浩特 010018
^2.赤峰市农牧科学院，内蒙古赤峰 024031
^3.通辽市农牧业科学院，内蒙古通辽 028015

收稿日期:2024-06-25 接受日期:2024-08-21 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-23
通讯作者: 张永平,王显瑞
作者简介:薛新伟 E-mail： xuexinwei@163.com
基金资助:
赤峰市乡村振兴研究院项目(cfsxczxyjy202303);内蒙古自治区杂粮杂豆现代农牧业产业技术体系项目(IMARS-02);国家谷子高粱产业技术体系建设项目(CARS06-14.5-A6);内蒙古自治区育种联合攻关项目(YZ2023007)

Comprehensive Evaluation and Screening of Drought Resistance of 86 Millet Germplasm Resources During Germination Period

Xinwei XUE¹^,²(), Dan LIU², Shi ZHANG², Wenyu HAN¹^,³, Ankang MU², Zhikun YU², Fan YANG², Yahui WEN², Jialin ZHANG², Yongping ZHANG¹(), Xianrui WANG²()

^1.College of Agriculture，Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot 010018，China
^2.Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences，Inner Mongolia Chifeng 024031，China
^3.Tongliao Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciene，Inner Mongolia Tongliao 028015，China

Received:2024-06-25 Accepted:2024-08-21 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-23
Contact: Yongping ZHANG,Xianrui WANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种子萌发阶段是对外界环境最敏感阶段。为筛选萌发期具有较强抗旱性的谷子种质资源，以内蒙古地区86份谷子种质为研究对象，分别设置质量体积分数0%和20% PEG-6000干旱胁迫处理，测定不同处理下各种质萌发期的发芽势、发芽率、萌发指数、根长、芽长、芽根比、鲜重共7个性状，并采用综合评价法对不同谷子种质萌发期的抗旱性进行评价。结果表明，干旱胁迫影响谷子种子萌发，7个性状的变异系数为4.00%~37.44%，抗旱系数的变异系数为20.06%~33.84%；各指标的抗旱系数间均呈现出一定的相关性，其中萌发指数与发芽率的相关性最强，相关系数为0.92。主成分分析提取出5个主成分，累计贡献率达99.25%。聚类分析将86份谷子种质划分为5个类群，筛选出高抗旱种质12份，分别为CMG01、CMG04、CMG05、CMG20、CMG30、CMG37、赤谷K9、公谷2号、金苗K10、CMG58、CMG60、CMG62。通过逐步回归分析建立谷子萌发期抗旱性评价预测模型为：Y=-0.225+0.838x₃+0.170x₄+0.219x₅+0.116x₆，x₃、x₄、x₅、x₆分别为萌发指数、根长、芽长、鲜重，这4个性状可作为谷子萌发期抗旱性的鉴定指标。以上研究结果为谷子抗旱新品种培育和抗旱机理研究提供种质基础和理论参考。

关键词: 谷子, 萌发期, 抗旱性, 综合评价

Abstract:

The seed germination stage is the most susceptible to external environmental factors. In order to screen millet germplasm resources with strong drought resistance at germination stage， 86 millet germplasms from Inner Mongolia were as materials. 2 treatments were set including PEG-6000 with mass volume fraction of 0% and 20%， 7 traits were determined including germination potential （GP）， germination rate （GR）， germination index （GI）， root length （RL）， bud length （BL）， root bud ratio （RBR） and fresh weight （FW）. The drought resistance of different millet germplasms at germination stage was evaluated by comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that the variation coefficients of 7 traits were 4.00%~37.44%， and the drought resistance coefficients were 20.06%~33.84%. Correlation analysis showed that there were correlations among the drought resistance coefficients of traits with the highest correlation （0.92） between the germination index and the germination rate. Principal component analysis got 5 principal components with the cumulative contribution rate of 99.25%. The cluster analysis showed that 86 millet germplasms were divided into 5 groups. And 12 millet germplasms were screened with high drought tolerance， including CMG01， CMG04， CMG05， CMG20， CMG30， CMG37， CGK9， GG2， JMK10， CMG58， CMG60， CMG62. The prediction model for evaluating drought resistance of millet germination was developed using stepwise regression analysis， Y=-0.225+0.838x₃+0.170x₄+0.219x₅+0.116x₆， which x₃， x₄， x₅， x₆ were GI， RL， BL and FW， respectively， and they could be as indicators of drought resistance during the germination period of millet grains. Above results provided the germplasm basis and theoretical reference for breeding new varieties and the drought resistance mechanism of millet.

Key words: foxtail millet, seedling stage, drought stress tolerance, the comprehensive assessment

中图分类号:

S515

薛新伟, 刘丹, 张姼, 韩雯毓, 穆安康, 于智坤, 杨帆, 温雅辉, 张家林, 张永平, 王显瑞. 86份谷子种质资源萌发期抗旱性综合评价及筛选[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(6): 39-51.

Xinwei XUE, Dan LIU, Shi ZHANG, Wenyu HAN, Ankang MU, Zhikun YU, Fan YANG, Yahui WEN, Jialin ZHANG, Yongping ZHANG, Xianrui WANG. Comprehensive Evaluation and Screening of Drought Resistance of 86 Millet Germplasm Resources During Germination Period[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(6): 39-51.

图/表 13

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处理 Treatment	参数 Parameter	发芽势 GP/%	发芽率 GR/%	萌发指数 GI/%	根长 RL/cm	芽长 BL/cm	根芽比 RBR	鲜重 FW/mg
对照CK	最大值Max	1.00	1.00	1.00	9.40	7.00	1.30	19.97
	最小值Min	0.33	0.78	0.54	3.27	2.57	0.37	5.00
	均值Ave	0.91 a	0.96 a	0.91 a	6.55 a	3.98 a	0.63 a	13.07 a
	标准差SD	0.10	0.04	0.08	1.30	0.79	0.17	3.29
	变异系数CV/%	11.30	4.00	9.24	19.78	19.72	26.74	25.13
干旱 Drought	最大值Max	0.73	0.83	0.68	6.23	3.43	1.08	16.03
	最小值Min	0.05	0.13	0.08	1.10	0.73	0.23	0.97
	均值Ave	0.43 b	0.57 b	0.42 b	3.60 b	1.74 b	0.50 b	8.48 b
	标准差SD	0.14	0.15	0.12	0.92	0.56	0.17	3.18
	变异系数CV/%	33.86	25.68	28.74	25.49	32.14	33.05	37.44

处理 Treatment	参数 Parameter	发芽势 GP/%	发芽率 GR/%	萌发指数 GI/%	根长 RL/cm	芽长 BL/cm	根芽比 RBR	鲜重 FW/mg
对照CK	最大值Max	1.00	1.00	1.00	9.40	7.00	1.30	19.97
	最小值Min	0.33	0.78	0.54	3.27	2.57	0.37	5.00
	均值Ave	0.91 a	0.96 a	0.91 a	6.55 a	3.98 a	0.63 a	13.07 a
	标准差SD	0.10	0.04	0.08	1.30	0.79	0.17	3.29
	变异系数CV/%	11.30	4.00	9.24	19.78	19.72	26.74	25.13
干旱 Drought	最大值Max	0.73	0.83	0.68	6.23	3.43	1.08	16.03
	最小值Min	0.05	0.13	0.08	1.10	0.73	0.23	0.97
	均值Ave	0.43 b	0.57 b	0.42 b	3.60 b	1.74 b	0.50 b	8.48 b
	标准差SD	0.14	0.15	0.12	0.92	0.56	0.17	3.18
	变异系数CV/%	33.86	25.68	28.74	25.49	32.14	33.05	37.44

参数 Parameter	发芽势 GP	发芽率 GR	萌发指数 GI	根长 RL	芽长 BL	芽根比 RBR	鲜重 FW
最大值 Max	0.92	0.89	0.83	0.85	0.67	1.27	1.06
最小值 Min	0.05	0.14	0.10	0.25	0.19	0.38	0.19
均值 Ave	0.47	0.59	0.47	0.56	0.44	0.80	0.65
标准差 SD	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.12	0.16	0.19
变异系数 CV/%	33.84	25.83	30.27	22.81	26.44	20.06	29.09

参数 Parameter	发芽势 GP	发芽率 GR	萌发指数 GI	根长 RL	芽长 BL	芽根比 RBR	鲜重 FW
最大值 Max	0.92	0.89	0.83	0.85	0.67	1.27	1.06
最小值 Min	0.05	0.14	0.10	0.25	0.19	0.38	0.19
均值 Ave	0.47	0.59	0.47	0.56	0.44	0.80	0.65
标准差 SD	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.12	0.16	0.19
变异系数 CV/%	33.84	25.83	30.27	22.81	26.44	20.06	29.09

性状 Trait	发芽势 GP	发芽率 GR	萌发指数 GI	根长 RL	芽长 BL	根芽比 RBR
发芽率GR	0.736^**
萌发指数GI	0.916^**	0.885^**
根长RL	0.556^**	0.633^**	0.616^**
芽长BL	0.386^**	0.621^**	0.488^**	0.690^**
根芽比RBR	-0.092	0.099	-0.033	0.216^*	0.536^**
鲜重FW	0.522^**	0.698^**	0.599^**	0.613^**	0.711^**	0.263^*

86份谷子种质资源萌发期抗旱性综合评价及筛选

Comprehensive Evaluation and Screening of Drought Resistance of 86 Millet Germplasm Resources During Germination Period

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Metrics

指标 Index	关联度 γ_D（DC vs D）	排序 Ranking	权重系数 Weight	关联度 γ_WDC（DC vs WDC）	排序 Ranking
发芽势GP	0.827	3	0.147	0.752	6
发芽率GR	0.848	2	0.151	0.866	1
萌发指数GI	0.887	1	0.158	0.812	2
根长RL	0.782	5	0.139	0.809	3
芽长BL	0.778	6	0.138	0.809	4
根芽比RBR	0.717	7	0.127	0.735	7
鲜重FW	0.791	4	0.140	0.809	5

指标Index	第1主成分 PC1	第2主成分 PC2	第3主成分 PC3	第4主成分 PC4	第5主成分 PC5
发芽势GP	0.396 3	-0.2892	0.411 6	0.168 1	0.586 2
发芽率GR	0.443 4	-0.052 0	0.199 4	-0.076 0	-0.765 3
萌发指数GI	0.435 2	-0.224 2	0.359 9	0.113 4	-0.069 3
根长RL	0.387 5	-0.162 9	-0.641 2	0.276 7	0.072 0
芽长BL	0.377 5	0.435 6	-0.313 3	0.364 6	0.031 5
根芽比RBR	0.066 6	0.777 7	0.354 3	0.167 3	0.083 7
鲜重FW	0.399 9	0.205 4	-0.162 7	-0.845 9	0.229 6
特征根Characteristic root	4.253	1.452	0.712	0.319	0.211
贡献率 Contribution rate/%	59.94	20.74	10.18	4.56	3.01
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate/%	60.76	81.50	91.67	96.24	99.25
因子权重 Factor weight/%	60.39	20.90	10.25	4.60	3.03

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