生物炭含量对园林绿化废弃物/聚乳酸复合材料物理力学性能影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0857

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现园林绿化废弃物高值化利用，拓宽木塑复合材料的使用范围，以园林绿化废弃物和聚乳酸为原料、生物炭为增强剂，选取杨木粉含量、模压温度、模压压力和保压时间4个因素进行Box-Benhnken试验，运用响应面法对木塑复合材料的模压工艺参数进行优化，并分析生物炭含量对复合材料物理力学性能的影响。结果表明，试验最优工艺参数为杨木粉含量41.31%，模压温度170 ℃，模压压力11.49 MPa，保压时间10 min；添加生物炭可较好地改善木粉和聚乳酸界面相容性，提高复合材料的力学性能，随着生物炭含量的增加，复合材料的力学性能先上升后下降，当生物炭含量为2.0%时，弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度分别为32.00 MPa、3.20 GPa和3.47 kJ·m^-2，吸水率最小，显气孔率最低，复合材料的综合力学性能最佳。以上研究结果为生物炭改善木塑复合材料性能提供依据。

关键词: 园林绿化废弃物, 响应面法, 木塑复合材料, 生物炭含量, 物理力学性能

Abstract:

In order to realize the high-value utilization of landscaping waste and broaden the use of wood-plastic composites， taking landscaping waste and polylactic acid as raw materials and biochar as reinforcing agent， 4 factors were selected， namely， poplar wood powder content， molding temperature， molding pressure and holding time， to carry out Box-Benhnken test. The response surface method was used to optimize the molding process parameters for wood-plastic composites， and the effect of biochar content on the physical and mechanical properties of the composites was investigated. The results showed that the optimal process parameters were 41.31% of poplar wood powder content， 170 ℃ molding temperature， 11.49 MPa molding pressure and 10 min of holding time. The addition of biochar could improve the interfacial compatibility between wood powder and polylactic acid and improve the mechanical properties of the composites， and the mechanical properties of the composites were firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of biochar content. When the content of biochar was 2.0%， the flexural strength， flexural modulus and impact strength were 32.00 MPa， 3.20 GPa and 3.47 kJ·m^-2， respectively， and the water absorption was the smallest， the apparent porosity was the lowest， and the composite mechanical properties of the composites were the best. Above results provided a basis for biochar to improve the properties of wood-plastic composites.

Key words: garden greening waste, response surface methodology, wood-plastic composites, biochar content, physical and mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TB332

张如艳, 李绅昊, 朱奇鹏, 冯太纲, 李红波, 邢泽炳, 羡瑜. 生物炭含量对园林绿化废弃物/聚乳酸复合材料物理力学性能影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(2): 192-200.

Ruyan ZHANG, Shenhao LI, Qipeng ZHU, Taigang FENG, Hongbo LI, Zebing XING, Yu XIAN. Effect of Biochar Content on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Garden Greening Waste/polylactic Acid Composites[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(2): 192-200.

图/表 10

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源项Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度Degree of freedom	均方差 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型Model	7.52	14	0.54	3.25	0.017 6
A	3.63	1	3.63	0.63	0.440 3
B	127.40	1	127.40	22.14	0.000 3
C	15.08	1	15.08	2.62	0.127 8
D	13.13	1	13.13	2.28	0.153 2
AB	31.92	1	31.92	5.55	0.033 6
AC	6.38	1	6.38	1.11	0.310 3
AD	0.14	1	0.14	0.02	0.878 0
BC	19.14	1	19.14	3.33	0.089 6
BD	0.39	1	0.39	0.07	0.798 2
CD	4.73	1	4.73	0.82	0.379 9
A²	5.04	1	5.04	0.88	0.365 3
B²	1.58	1	1.58	0.27	0.608 3
C²	9.12×10^-3	1	9.12×10^-3	1.59×10^-3	0.968 8
D²	0.17	1	0.17	0.03	0.865 5
残差Residual	80.54	14	5.75
失拟误差Lack of fit	62.08	10	6.21	1.35	0.416 1
纯误差Pure error	18.46	4	4.61
总离差Cor total	310.80	28

源项Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度Degree of freedom	均方差 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型Model	7.52	14	0.54	3.25	0.017 6
A	3.63	1	3.63	0.63	0.440 3
B	127.40	1	127.40	22.14	0.000 3
C	15.08	1	15.08	2.62	0.127 8
D	13.13	1	13.13	2.28	0.153 2
AB	31.92	1	31.92	5.55	0.033 6
AC	6.38	1	6.38	1.11	0.310 3
AD	0.14	1	0.14	0.02	0.878 0
BC	19.14	1	19.14	3.33	0.089 6
BD	0.39	1	0.39	0.07	0.798 2
CD	4.73	1	4.73	0.82	0.379 9
A²	5.04	1	5.04	0.88	0.365 3
B²	1.58	1	1.58	0.27	0.608 3
C²	9.12×10^-3	1	9.12×10^-3	1.59×10^-3	0.968 8
D²	0.17	1	0.17	0.03	0.865 5
残差Residual	80.54	14	5.75
失拟误差Lack of fit	62.08	10	6.21	1.35	0.416 1
纯误差Pure error	18.46	4	4.61
总离差Cor total	310.80	28

源项Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度Degree of freedom	均方差 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型Model	2.48	14	0.18	4.76	0.003 1
A	3.00×10^-4	1	3.00×10^-4	8.05×10^-3	0.929 8
B	0.09	1	0.09	2.51	0.135 2
C	3.33×10^-3	1	3.33×10^-3	0.09	0.769 3
D	0.08	1	0.08	2.24	0.157 0
AB	3.60×10^-3	1	3.60×10^-3	0.10	0.760 5
AC	5.63×10^-3	1	5.63×10^-3	0.15	0.703 5
AD	0.02	1	0.02	0.64	0.435 4
BC	0.07	1	0.07	1.88	0.191 4
BD	0.12	1	0.12	3.19	0.095 6
CD	4.00×10^-4	1	4.00×10^-4	0.01	0.918 9
A²	0.35	1	0.35	9.30	0.008 6
B²	1.93	1	1.93	51.93	<0.000 1
C²	0.06	1	0.06	1.61	0.225 2
D²	0.02	1	0.02	0.55	0.470 9
残差Residual	0.52	14	0.04
失拟误差Lack of fit	0.48	10	0.05	4.96	0.068 2
纯误差Pure error	0.04	4	9.73×10^-3
总离差Cor total	3	28

源项Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度Degree of freedom	均方差 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型Model	2.48	14	0.18	4.76	0.003 1
A	3.00×10^-4	1	3.00×10^-4	8.05×10^-3	0.929 8
B	0.09	1	0.09	2.51	0.135 2
C	3.33×10^-3	1	3.33×10^-3	0.09	0.769 3
D	0.08	1	0.08	2.24	0.157 0
AB	3.60×10^-3	1	3.60×10^-3	0.10	0.760 5
AC	5.63×10^-3	1	5.63×10^-3	0.15	0.703 5
AD	0.02	1	0.02	0.64	0.435 4
BC	0.07	1	0.07	1.88	0.191 4
BD	0.12	1	0.12	3.19	0.095 6
CD	4.00×10^-4	1	4.00×10^-4	0.01	0.918 9
A²	0.35	1	0.35	9.30	0.008 6
B²	1.93	1	1.93	51.93	<0.000 1
C²	0.06	1	0.06	1.61	0.225 2
D²	0.02	1	0.02	0.55	0.470 9
残差Residual	0.52	14	0.04
失拟误差Lack of fit	0.48	10	0.05	4.96	0.068 2
纯误差Pure error	0.04	4	9.73×10^-3
总离差Cor total	3	28

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