Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 197-203.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0907

• BIO-MANUFACTURING & RESOURCE AND ECOLOGY • Previous Articles    

Effect of Different Fertilizer Applications on Yield, Quality and Economic Benefit of CoffeaArabica L.

Yunping DONG1(), Yuzhou LONG1(), Xingjun LIN1, Lizhen MO1, Huakang ZHU2, Qingyun ZHAO1, Yan SUN1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Wanning 571533, China
    2.Tropical Crops College, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan Puer 665099, China
  • Received:2020-10-27 Accepted:2021-01-05 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-03-14
  • Contact: Yuzhou LONG

不同施肥量对小粒咖啡产量、品质及经济效益的影响

董云萍1(), 龙宇宙1(), 林兴军1, 莫丽珍1, 朱华康2, 赵青云1, 孙燕1   

  1. 1.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,农业农村部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室,海南 万宁 571533
    2.云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南 普洱 665099
  • 通讯作者: 龙宇宙
  • 作者简介:董云萍 E­mail:dongyunping@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201108-1);云南省重大科技专项(2018ZG015);云南省科技厅院士(专家)工作站项目(202105AF150081)

Abstract:

In order to optimize fertilizer application of coffeaarabica in Yunnan, 5 treatments were set up including T1(N 33.75+P2O5 8.7+K2O 36.45 kg·hm-2), T2(N 67.5+P2O5 17.25+K2O 72.75 kg·hm-2), T3(N 135.00+P2O5 34.5+K2O 145.5 kg·hm-2), T4(N 202.5+P2O5 51.75+K2O 218.25 kg·hm-2) and T5(N 236.25+P2O5 60.3+K2O 254.55 kg·hm-2). The yield, bean quality (100-beans weight, bean density and bean size) and economic benefits under different fertilization treatments were studied. The results showed that the yields increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of fertilizing amount, and yield of T4 treatment was the highest. The 100-beans weight and the bean size increased by increasing the fertilizer, while there were no difference in the ratio of cherry to green bean and the bean density among different fertilizer treatments. The bean density was negative correlation with the bean size. The yield and the ratio of cherry to green bean in 2018 and 2019 were significantly higher than those in 2020,which were due to the long term dry weather during fruit development stage. Economic benefit of T2 treatment with 50% fertilizer reduction was the highest with 19 237.67 yuan·hm-2. In conclusion, T2 treatment was the most economical and effective fertilization scheme with higher yield and lower cost of fertilizer, which provided theoretical reference for saving cost and increasing economic benefit of coffee production.

Key words: Coffeaarabica L., fertilizer quantity, yield, bean quality, economic benefits

摘要:

为优化云南小粒咖啡施肥措施,提高肥效,采取大田随机区组试验,设置5个处理,包括减量施肥N 33.75+P2O5 8.7+K2O 36.45 kg·hm-2(T1)和 N 67.5+P2O5 17.25+ K2O 72.75 kg·hm-2(T2),当地常规施肥N 135.00+ P2O5 34.5+ K2O 145.5 kg·hm-2(T3),增量施肥N 202.5+ P2O5 51.75+ K2O 218.25 kg·hm-2(T4)和N 236.25+ P2O5 60.3+ K2O 254.55 kg·hm-2(T5)。分析不同处理对小粒咖啡产量、果实鲜干比、咖啡豆品质(百粒重、密度、粒度)及经济效益的影响。结果表明,小粒咖啡产量随施肥量的增加先增加后降低,T4处理的产量最高;增加施肥量提高了咖啡豆的百粒重和粒度,但对鲜干比和密度无显著影响。2018和2019年鲜干比和产量显著高于2020年,果实发育期遭遇干旱胁迫是造成2020年产量和鲜干比低的主要原因。比较各处理的成本投入及经济效益,结果表明,T2处理的经济效益最高,为19 237.67元·hm-2。综上所述,T2处理既能获得较高的产量,又能降低肥料成本,与各处理相比,是最为经济有效的施肥方案,为咖啡生产节本增效施肥提供了理论参考。

关键词: 小粒咖啡, 施肥量, 产量, 品质, 经济效益

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