Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 165-180.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0320
• FOOD QUALITY & PROCESSING AND STORAGE • Previous Articles
Ting WANG1(), Jinghan DU2, Guangdi ZHANG1,3(
), Jianglong WANG1, Yinan JIA1, Yu WANG1, Wenyi BAO1
Received:
2023-04-24
Accepted:
2024-07-24
Online:
2025-01-15
Published:
2025-01-21
Contact:
Guangdi ZHANG
王婷1(), 杜婧含2, 张光弟1,3(
), 王江龙1, 贾毅男1, 王玉1, 包文毅1
通讯作者:
张光弟
作者简介:
王婷 E-mail: 2777169469@qq.com;
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Ting WANG, Jinghan DU, Guangdi ZHANG, Jianglong WANG, Yinan JIA, Yu WANG, Wenyi BAO. Study on Quality and Volatile Substances of New Excellent Cabbage Varieties in Mountainous Area of Southern Ningxia[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(1): 165-180.
王婷, 杜婧含, 张光弟, 王江龙, 贾毅男, 王玉, 包文毅. 宁南山区新优甘蓝品种品质及挥发性物质研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(1): 165-180.
品种 Variety | 叶球质量 Leaf head weight/kg | 横径 Transverse diameter/cm | 纵径 Vertical diameter/cm | 球形指数 Spherical index | 形状 Shape |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
曼戈特 Mangete | 1.21±0.06 bc | 15.90±1.79 bc | 18.33±1.07 abcd | 1.17±0.07 ab | 圆球 Round ball |
探春 Tanchun | 1.60±0.19 ab | 15.07±0.73 bc | 21.77±1.34 a | 1.44±0.04 a | 牛心状 Beef heart-shaped |
尼森 Nisen | 2.13±0.04 a | 17.93±0.09 bc | 19.00±0.25 abc | 1.06±0.01 abc | 圆球 Round ball |
佳美特 Jiameite | 1.51±0.09 a | 15.93±0.79 bc | 15.27±0.15 bcd | 0.96±0.04 bcd | 圆球 Round ball |
成功65 Chenggong 65 | 1.27±0.09 bc | 13.90±0.87 c | 15.13±1.57 cd | 1.11±0.17 abc | 圆球 Round ball |
中甘107 Zhonggan 107 | 0.94±0.10 c | 19.50±1.15 ab | 13.70±0.87 d | 0.71±0.08 cd | 扁圆 Flat round |
晚丰 Wanfeng | 1.55±0.06 a | 22.90±0.64 a | 14.90±0.30 cd | 0.65±0.01 d | 扁圆 Flat round |
苏甘198 Sugan 198 | 1.36±0.19 bc | 14.53±0.49 c | 20.27±1.44 ab | 1.39±0.08 a | 牛心状 Beef heart-shaped |
Table 1 Appearance traits of different cabbage varieties
品种 Variety | 叶球质量 Leaf head weight/kg | 横径 Transverse diameter/cm | 纵径 Vertical diameter/cm | 球形指数 Spherical index | 形状 Shape |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
曼戈特 Mangete | 1.21±0.06 bc | 15.90±1.79 bc | 18.33±1.07 abcd | 1.17±0.07 ab | 圆球 Round ball |
探春 Tanchun | 1.60±0.19 ab | 15.07±0.73 bc | 21.77±1.34 a | 1.44±0.04 a | 牛心状 Beef heart-shaped |
尼森 Nisen | 2.13±0.04 a | 17.93±0.09 bc | 19.00±0.25 abc | 1.06±0.01 abc | 圆球 Round ball |
佳美特 Jiameite | 1.51±0.09 a | 15.93±0.79 bc | 15.27±0.15 bcd | 0.96±0.04 bcd | 圆球 Round ball |
成功65 Chenggong 65 | 1.27±0.09 bc | 13.90±0.87 c | 15.13±1.57 cd | 1.11±0.17 abc | 圆球 Round ball |
中甘107 Zhonggan 107 | 0.94±0.10 c | 19.50±1.15 ab | 13.70±0.87 d | 0.71±0.08 cd | 扁圆 Flat round |
晚丰 Wanfeng | 1.55±0.06 a | 22.90±0.64 a | 14.90±0.30 cd | 0.65±0.01 d | 扁圆 Flat round |
苏甘198 Sugan 198 | 1.36±0.19 bc | 14.53±0.49 c | 20.27±1.44 ab | 1.39±0.08 a | 牛心状 Beef heart-shaped |
品种 Variety | 呼吸强度 Respiratory intensity/(mg·kg-1·h-1) | 可溶性固形物 Total soluble solids/% | 可滴定酸 Titratable acidity/% | 维生素C Vitamin C/(mg·100 g-1) | 可溶性糖 Soluble sugar/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
曼戈特 Mangete | 20.39±1.57 a | 8.17±0.09 b | 0.11±0.01 ab | 15.38±0.24 b | 3.78±0.21 bc |
探春 Tanchun | 25.75±1.57 a | 8.10±0.17 b | 0.12±0.01 ab | 15.74±0.12 ab | 3.94±0.21 abc |
尼森 Nisen | 11.14±1.06 bc | 6.67±0.28 c | 0.09±0.01 b | 15.15±0.47 b | 3.28±0.18 c |
佳美特 Jiameite | 5.79±0.61 c | 8.13±0.07 b | 0.17±0.01 ab | 15.98±0.61 ab | 3.87±0.17 abc |
成功65 Chenggong 65 | 12.62±0.61 b | 9.57±0.20 a | 0.18±0.02 a | 16.57±0.72 ab | 4.64±0.18 a |
中甘107 Zhonggan 107 | 13.00±1.14 b | 8.47±0.15 b | 0.14±0.01 ab | 17.75±0.41 ab | 4.06±0.17 abc |
晚丰 Wanfeng | 12.39±0.59 b | 8.43±0.15 b | 0.15±0.03 ab | 18.34±0.43 a | 4.11±0.15 abc |
苏甘198 Sugan 198 | 20.88±1.47 a | 9.40±0.26 a | 0.09±0.03 b | 17.75±1.02 ab | 4.51±0.09 ab |
Table 2 Conventional quality indexes of different cabbage varieties
品种 Variety | 呼吸强度 Respiratory intensity/(mg·kg-1·h-1) | 可溶性固形物 Total soluble solids/% | 可滴定酸 Titratable acidity/% | 维生素C Vitamin C/(mg·100 g-1) | 可溶性糖 Soluble sugar/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
曼戈特 Mangete | 20.39±1.57 a | 8.17±0.09 b | 0.11±0.01 ab | 15.38±0.24 b | 3.78±0.21 bc |
探春 Tanchun | 25.75±1.57 a | 8.10±0.17 b | 0.12±0.01 ab | 15.74±0.12 ab | 3.94±0.21 abc |
尼森 Nisen | 11.14±1.06 bc | 6.67±0.28 c | 0.09±0.01 b | 15.15±0.47 b | 3.28±0.18 c |
佳美特 Jiameite | 5.79±0.61 c | 8.13±0.07 b | 0.17±0.01 ab | 15.98±0.61 ab | 3.87±0.17 abc |
成功65 Chenggong 65 | 12.62±0.61 b | 9.57±0.20 a | 0.18±0.02 a | 16.57±0.72 ab | 4.64±0.18 a |
中甘107 Zhonggan 107 | 13.00±1.14 b | 8.47±0.15 b | 0.14±0.01 ab | 17.75±0.41 ab | 4.06±0.17 abc |
晚丰 Wanfeng | 12.39±0.59 b | 8.43±0.15 b | 0.15±0.03 ab | 18.34±0.43 a | 4.11±0.15 abc |
苏甘198 Sugan 198 | 20.88±1.47 a | 9.40±0.26 a | 0.09±0.03 b | 17.75±1.02 ab | 4.51±0.09 ab |
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
酸类 Acid | 辛酸 Octanoic acid | C124072 | C8H16O2 | 1 161.4 | 539.378 | 1.000 |
丙酸 Propanoic acid | C79094 | C3H6O2 | 655.1 | 83.000 | 1.087 | |
己酸 Hexanoic acid | C142621 | C6H12O2 | 996.5 | 305.932 | 1.639 | |
丁酸 Butyric acid | C107926 | C4H8O2 | 782.8 | 154.443 | 1.387 | |
乙酸 Acetic acid | C64197 | C2H4O2 | 596.0 | 55.977 | 1.043 | |
壬酸 Nonanoic acid | C112050 | C9H18O2 | 1 280.9 | 916.265 | 1.559 | |
2-甲基丁酸 2-methylbutanoic acid | C116530 | C5H10O2 | 877.2 | 214.747 | 1.470 | |
酯类 Ester | 乙酸乙酯 Acetic acid ethyl ester | C141786 | C4H8O2 | 590.2 | 53.855 | 1.086 |
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate | C142927 | C8H16O2 | 997.4 | 306.894 | 1.941 | |
乙酸丁酯 Butyl acetate | C123864 | C6H12O2 | 795.8 | 162.275 | 1.229 | |
乳酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate | C97643 | C5H10O3 | 833.4 | 186.097 | 1.142 | |
乙酸苯乙酯 2-phenylethyl acetate | C103457 | C10H12O2 | 1 280.6 | 915.091 | 1.310 | |
异戊酸乙酯 Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate | C108645 | C7H14O2 | 859.0 | 202.829 | 1.259 | |
苯甲酸乙酯 Ethyl benzoate | C93890 | C9H10O2 | 1 151.0 | 519.551 | 1.257 | |
异丁酸乙酯 Ethyl isobutyrate | C97621 | C6H12O2 | 718.9 | 117.979 | 1.202 | |
丙位庚内酯 5-propyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone | C105215 | C7H12O2 | 1 172.1 | 561.688 | 1.651 | |
苯乙酸乙酯 Ethyl phenylacetate | C101973 | C10H12O2 | 1 227.9 | 716.680 | 1.302 | |
乙酸异戊酯 3-methylbutyl acetate | C123922 | C7H14O2 | 855.1 | 200.324 | 1.733 | |
醛类 Aldehyde | 糠醛 Furfural | C98011 | C5H4O2 | 800.6 | 165.227 | 1.325 |
丁醛 Butanal | C123728 | C4H8O | 597.5 | 56.562 | 1.123 | |
戊醛 Pentanal | C110623 | C5H10O | 680.7 | 96.915 | 1.179 |
Table 3 Volatile substances in different varieties of cabbage
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
酸类 Acid | 辛酸 Octanoic acid | C124072 | C8H16O2 | 1 161.4 | 539.378 | 1.000 |
丙酸 Propanoic acid | C79094 | C3H6O2 | 655.1 | 83.000 | 1.087 | |
己酸 Hexanoic acid | C142621 | C6H12O2 | 996.5 | 305.932 | 1.639 | |
丁酸 Butyric acid | C107926 | C4H8O2 | 782.8 | 154.443 | 1.387 | |
乙酸 Acetic acid | C64197 | C2H4O2 | 596.0 | 55.977 | 1.043 | |
壬酸 Nonanoic acid | C112050 | C9H18O2 | 1 280.9 | 916.265 | 1.559 | |
2-甲基丁酸 2-methylbutanoic acid | C116530 | C5H10O2 | 877.2 | 214.747 | 1.470 | |
酯类 Ester | 乙酸乙酯 Acetic acid ethyl ester | C141786 | C4H8O2 | 590.2 | 53.855 | 1.086 |
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate | C142927 | C8H16O2 | 997.4 | 306.894 | 1.941 | |
乙酸丁酯 Butyl acetate | C123864 | C6H12O2 | 795.8 | 162.275 | 1.229 | |
乳酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate | C97643 | C5H10O3 | 833.4 | 186.097 | 1.142 | |
乙酸苯乙酯 2-phenylethyl acetate | C103457 | C10H12O2 | 1 280.6 | 915.091 | 1.310 | |
异戊酸乙酯 Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate | C108645 | C7H14O2 | 859.0 | 202.829 | 1.259 | |
苯甲酸乙酯 Ethyl benzoate | C93890 | C9H10O2 | 1 151.0 | 519.551 | 1.257 | |
异丁酸乙酯 Ethyl isobutyrate | C97621 | C6H12O2 | 718.9 | 117.979 | 1.202 | |
丙位庚内酯 5-propyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone | C105215 | C7H12O2 | 1 172.1 | 561.688 | 1.651 | |
苯乙酸乙酯 Ethyl phenylacetate | C101973 | C10H12O2 | 1 227.9 | 716.680 | 1.302 | |
乙酸异戊酯 3-methylbutyl acetate | C123922 | C7H14O2 | 855.1 | 200.324 | 1.733 | |
醛类 Aldehyde | 糠醛 Furfural | C98011 | C5H4O2 | 800.6 | 165.227 | 1.325 |
丁醛 Butanal | C123728 | C4H8O | 597.5 | 56.562 | 1.123 | |
戊醛 Pentanal | C110623 | C5H10O | 680.7 | 96.915 | 1.179 |
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
醛类 Aldehyde | 壬醛 Nonanal | C124196 | C9H18O | 1 095.9 | 433.869 | 1.472 |
丙醛 Propanal | C123386 | C3H6O | 513.7 | 31.419 | 1.162 | |
癸醛 Decanal | C112312 | C10H20O | 1 165.9 | 548.283 | 1.545 | |
苯乙醛 Benzene acetaldehyde | C122781 | C8H8O | 998.4 | 307.945 | 1.518 | |
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde | C100527 | C7H6O | 918.0 | 240.796 | 1.469 | |
2-癸烯醛 2-decenal | C3913711 | C10H18O | 1 234.0 | 737.859 | 1.473 | |
2-甲基丁醛 2-methylbutanal | C96173 | C5H10O | 678.3 | 95.580 | 1.159 | |
3-甲硫基丙醛 3-methylthiopropoana | C3268493 | C4H8OS | 913.2 | 237.691 | 1.401 | |
5-甲基呋喃醛 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde | C620020 | C6H6O2 | 992.7 | 301.872 | 1.482 | |
反-2-辛烯醛 ( E)-2-octenal | C2548870 | C8H14O | 1 084.0 | 417.000 | 1.331 | |
反式-2-戊烯醛 (E)-2-pentenal | C1576870 | C5H8O | 762.6 | 142.567 | 1.120 | |
反式-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-hexenal | C6728263 | C6H10O | 811.4 | 172.001 | 1.178 | |
反式-2,4-庚二烯醛 2,4-heptadienal ( E,E) | C4313035 | C7H10O | 1 015.8 | 327.541 | 1.182 | |
反,反-2,4-壬二烯醛 ( E,E) -2,4-nonadienal | C5910872 | C9H14O | 1 211.9 | 665.407 | 1.333 | |
5-甲基-2-噻吩甲醛 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C13679704 | C6H6OS | 1 130.8 | 485.475 | 1.559 | |
酮类 Ketone | 丙酮 2-propanone | C67641 | C3H6O | 500.7 | 28.082 | 1.119 |
2-戊酮 2-pentanone | C107879 | C5H10O | 698.1 | 106.510 | 1.383 | |
2-茨酮 (+)-2-bornanone | C464493 | C10H16O | 1 131.2 | 486.000 | 1.000 | |
2-庚酮 2-heptanone | C110430 | C7H14O | 913.0 | 238.000 | 1.255 | |
苯乙酮 Acetophenone | C98862 | C8H8O | 1 064.2 | 389.450 | 1.180 | |
羟基丙酮 1-hydroxy-2-propanone | C116096 | C3H6O2 | 669.3 | 90.689 | 1.046 |
Table 3 Volatile substances in different varieties of cabbage
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
醛类 Aldehyde | 壬醛 Nonanal | C124196 | C9H18O | 1 095.9 | 433.869 | 1.472 |
丙醛 Propanal | C123386 | C3H6O | 513.7 | 31.419 | 1.162 | |
癸醛 Decanal | C112312 | C10H20O | 1 165.9 | 548.283 | 1.545 | |
苯乙醛 Benzene acetaldehyde | C122781 | C8H8O | 998.4 | 307.945 | 1.518 | |
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde | C100527 | C7H6O | 918.0 | 240.796 | 1.469 | |
2-癸烯醛 2-decenal | C3913711 | C10H18O | 1 234.0 | 737.859 | 1.473 | |
2-甲基丁醛 2-methylbutanal | C96173 | C5H10O | 678.3 | 95.580 | 1.159 | |
3-甲硫基丙醛 3-methylthiopropoana | C3268493 | C4H8OS | 913.2 | 237.691 | 1.401 | |
5-甲基呋喃醛 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde | C620020 | C6H6O2 | 992.7 | 301.872 | 1.482 | |
反-2-辛烯醛 ( E)-2-octenal | C2548870 | C8H14O | 1 084.0 | 417.000 | 1.331 | |
反式-2-戊烯醛 (E)-2-pentenal | C1576870 | C5H8O | 762.6 | 142.567 | 1.120 | |
反式-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-hexenal | C6728263 | C6H10O | 811.4 | 172.001 | 1.178 | |
反式-2,4-庚二烯醛 2,4-heptadienal ( E,E) | C4313035 | C7H10O | 1 015.8 | 327.541 | 1.182 | |
反,反-2,4-壬二烯醛 ( E,E) -2,4-nonadienal | C5910872 | C9H14O | 1 211.9 | 665.407 | 1.333 | |
5-甲基-2-噻吩甲醛 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde | C13679704 | C6H6OS | 1 130.8 | 485.475 | 1.559 | |
酮类 Ketone | 丙酮 2-propanone | C67641 | C3H6O | 500.7 | 28.082 | 1.119 |
2-戊酮 2-pentanone | C107879 | C5H10O | 698.1 | 106.510 | 1.383 | |
2-茨酮 (+)-2-bornanone | C464493 | C10H16O | 1 131.2 | 486.000 | 1.000 | |
2-庚酮 2-heptanone | C110430 | C7H14O | 913.0 | 238.000 | 1.255 | |
苯乙酮 Acetophenone | C98862 | C8H8O | 1 064.2 | 389.450 | 1.180 | |
羟基丙酮 1-hydroxy-2-propanone | C116096 | C3H6O2 | 669.3 | 90.689 | 1.046 |
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
酮类 Ketone | 2,3-丁二酮 2,3-butanedione | C431038 | C4H6O2 | 534.6 | 36.899 | 1.186 |
2,3-戊二酮 2,3-pentanedione | C600146 | C5H8O2 | 726.1 | 121.941 | 1.222 | |
甲基庚烯酮 Methylheptenone | C110930 | C8H14O | 988.8 | 297.878 | 1.184 | |
4-羟基-2,5-二甲基-3(2H)呋喃酮 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2 H)-furanone | C3658773 | C6H8O3 | 1 095.2 | 432.896 | 1.592 | |
醇类 Alcohol | 糠醇 2-furanmethanol | C98000 | C5H6O2 | 846.5 | 194.626 | 1.367 |
仲辛醇 2-octanol | C123966 | C8H18O | 990.8 | 299.908 | 1.435 | |
正辛醇 1-octanol | C111875 | C8H18O | 1 041.8 | 359.727 | 1.451 | |
异丁醇 2-methyl-1-propanol | C78831 | C4H10O | 660.3 | 85.863 | 1.172 | |
异戊醇 3-methyl-1-butanol | C123513 | C5H12O | 733.3 | 125.999 | 1.245 | |
2-己醇 2-hexanol | C626937 | C6H14O | 786.1 | 156.422 | 1.292 | |
1-壬醇 1-nonanol | C143088 | C9H20O | 1 171.1 | 559.527 | 1.514 | |
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol | C100516 | C7H8O | 1 031.3 | 346.379 | 1.328 | |
苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol | C60128 | C8H10O | 1 063.5 | 388.493 | 1.521 | |
2,3-丁二醇 2,3-butanediol | C513859 | C4H10O2 | 776.9 | 150.955 | 1.359 | |
顺-3-壬烯醇 (Z)-3-nonen-1-ol | C10340235 | C9H18O | 1 153.7 | 524.252 | 1.378 | |
2-甲基异茨醇 2-methylisoborneol | C2371428 | C11H20O | 1 215.6 | 676.874 | 1.255 | |
对异丙基苯甲醇 4-(1-methylethyl)-benzenemethanol | C536607 | C10H14O | 1 307.2 | 1 025.612 | 1.340 | |
3-甲基-2-丁醇 3-methyl-2-butanol | C598754 | C5H12O | 702.0 | 108.638 | 1.444 | |
3-甲基-3-丁烯-1-醇 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol | C763326 | C5H10O | 744.0 | 131.998 | 1.293 | |
5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇 5-methyl-2-furanmethanol | C3857258 | C6H8O2 | 948.4 | 262.123 | 1.566 |
Table 3 Volatile substances in different varieties of cabbage
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
酮类 Ketone | 2,3-丁二酮 2,3-butanedione | C431038 | C4H6O2 | 534.6 | 36.899 | 1.186 |
2,3-戊二酮 2,3-pentanedione | C600146 | C5H8O2 | 726.1 | 121.941 | 1.222 | |
甲基庚烯酮 Methylheptenone | C110930 | C8H14O | 988.8 | 297.878 | 1.184 | |
4-羟基-2,5-二甲基-3(2H)呋喃酮 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2 H)-furanone | C3658773 | C6H8O3 | 1 095.2 | 432.896 | 1.592 | |
醇类 Alcohol | 糠醇 2-furanmethanol | C98000 | C5H6O2 | 846.5 | 194.626 | 1.367 |
仲辛醇 2-octanol | C123966 | C8H18O | 990.8 | 299.908 | 1.435 | |
正辛醇 1-octanol | C111875 | C8H18O | 1 041.8 | 359.727 | 1.451 | |
异丁醇 2-methyl-1-propanol | C78831 | C4H10O | 660.3 | 85.863 | 1.172 | |
异戊醇 3-methyl-1-butanol | C123513 | C5H12O | 733.3 | 125.999 | 1.245 | |
2-己醇 2-hexanol | C626937 | C6H14O | 786.1 | 156.422 | 1.292 | |
1-壬醇 1-nonanol | C143088 | C9H20O | 1 171.1 | 559.527 | 1.514 | |
苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol | C100516 | C7H8O | 1 031.3 | 346.379 | 1.328 | |
苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol | C60128 | C8H10O | 1 063.5 | 388.493 | 1.521 | |
2,3-丁二醇 2,3-butanediol | C513859 | C4H10O2 | 776.9 | 150.955 | 1.359 | |
顺-3-壬烯醇 (Z)-3-nonen-1-ol | C10340235 | C9H18O | 1 153.7 | 524.252 | 1.378 | |
2-甲基异茨醇 2-methylisoborneol | C2371428 | C11H20O | 1 215.6 | 676.874 | 1.255 | |
对异丙基苯甲醇 4-(1-methylethyl)-benzenemethanol | C536607 | C10H14O | 1 307.2 | 1 025.612 | 1.340 | |
3-甲基-2-丁醇 3-methyl-2-butanol | C598754 | C5H12O | 702.0 | 108.638 | 1.444 | |
3-甲基-3-丁烯-1-醇 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol | C763326 | C5H10O | 744.0 | 131.998 | 1.293 | |
5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇 5-methyl-2-furanmethanol | C3857258 | C6H8O2 | 948.4 | 262.123 | 1.566 |
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂环类Heterocycle | 吲哚 Indol | C120729 | C8H7N | 1 288.3 | 946.459 | 1.150 |
2,4,6-三甲基吡啶 2,4,6-trimethyl-pyridine | C108758 | C8H11N | 995.8 | 305.206 | 1.583 | |
2-甲基噻吩 2-methylthiophene | C554143 | C5H6S | 774.2 | 149.360 | 1.047 | |
2-乙基呋喃 2-ethylfuran | C3208160 | C6H8O | 736.5 | 127.766 | 1.309 | |
2-庚基呋喃 2-heptylfuran | C3777717 | C11H18O | 1 201.0 | 633.429 | 1.404 | |
苯并噻唑 Benzothiazole | C95169 | C7H5NS | 1 241.0 | 762.379 | 1.182 | |
2-乙酰基噻唑 2-acetylthiazole | C24295032 | C5H5NOS | 1 043.9 | 362.468 | 1.488 | |
2,4,5-三甲基噻唑 2,4,5-trimethylthiazole | C13623115 | C6H9NS | 1 007.2 | 317.728 | 1.575 | |
2-甲基吡嗪 2-methylpyrazine | C109080 | C5H6N2 | 817.9 | 176.117 | 1.393 | |
2-乙酰基吡嗪 2-acetylpyrazine | C22047252 | C6H6N2O | 1 025.0 | 338.666 | 1.146 | |
2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine | C14667551 | C7H10N2 | 992.9 | 302.077 | 1.167 | |
2-异丁基-3-甲基吡嗪 2-isobutyl-3-methyl pyrazine | C13925069 | C9H14N2 | 1 110.7 | 455.212 | 1.307 | |
2-乙烷基-3,5-二甲基吡嗪 3,5-dimethyl-2-ethylpyrazine | C13925070 | C8H12N2 | 1 098.1 | 436.943 | 1.230 | |
2-甲氧基-3-仲丁基吡嗪 3-sec-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine | C24168705 | C9H14N2O | 1 174.7 | 567.362 | 1.000 | |
2-乙酰基吡咯 2-acetylpyrrole | C1072839 | C6H7NO | 1 033.5 | 349.223 | 1.090 | |
酚类 Phenol | 邻甲苯酚 O-cresol | C95487 | C7H8O | 1 044.8 | 363.658 | 1.112 |
对乙基苯酚 4-ethyl phenol | C123079 | C8H10O | 1 148.7 | 515.436 | 1.197 | |
对甲基苯酚 P-cresol | C106445 | C7H8O | 1 096.2 | 434.241 | 1.151 | |
对乙烯基愈疮木酚 4-vinylguaiacol | C7786610 | C9H10O2 | 1 276.1 | 896.905 | 1.217 | |
2,6-二甲基苯酚 2,6-dimethylphenol | C576261 | C8H10O | 1 117.5 | 465.299 | 1.137 | |
2,6-二氯苯酚 2,6-dichlorophenol | C87650 | C6H4Cl2O | 1 205.4 | 646.440 | 1.213 | |
4-甲基愈创木酚 4-methyl guaiacol | C93516 | C8H10O2 | 1 178.2 | 575.258 | 1.186 |
Table 3 Volatile substances in different varieties of cabbage
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂环类Heterocycle | 吲哚 Indol | C120729 | C8H7N | 1 288.3 | 946.459 | 1.150 |
2,4,6-三甲基吡啶 2,4,6-trimethyl-pyridine | C108758 | C8H11N | 995.8 | 305.206 | 1.583 | |
2-甲基噻吩 2-methylthiophene | C554143 | C5H6S | 774.2 | 149.360 | 1.047 | |
2-乙基呋喃 2-ethylfuran | C3208160 | C6H8O | 736.5 | 127.766 | 1.309 | |
2-庚基呋喃 2-heptylfuran | C3777717 | C11H18O | 1 201.0 | 633.429 | 1.404 | |
苯并噻唑 Benzothiazole | C95169 | C7H5NS | 1 241.0 | 762.379 | 1.182 | |
2-乙酰基噻唑 2-acetylthiazole | C24295032 | C5H5NOS | 1 043.9 | 362.468 | 1.488 | |
2,4,5-三甲基噻唑 2,4,5-trimethylthiazole | C13623115 | C6H9NS | 1 007.2 | 317.728 | 1.575 | |
2-甲基吡嗪 2-methylpyrazine | C109080 | C5H6N2 | 817.9 | 176.117 | 1.393 | |
2-乙酰基吡嗪 2-acetylpyrazine | C22047252 | C6H6N2O | 1 025.0 | 338.666 | 1.146 | |
2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine | C14667551 | C7H10N2 | 992.9 | 302.077 | 1.167 | |
2-异丁基-3-甲基吡嗪 2-isobutyl-3-methyl pyrazine | C13925069 | C9H14N2 | 1 110.7 | 455.212 | 1.307 | |
2-乙烷基-3,5-二甲基吡嗪 3,5-dimethyl-2-ethylpyrazine | C13925070 | C8H12N2 | 1 098.1 | 436.943 | 1.230 | |
2-甲氧基-3-仲丁基吡嗪 3-sec-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine | C24168705 | C9H14N2O | 1 174.7 | 567.362 | 1.000 | |
2-乙酰基吡咯 2-acetylpyrrole | C1072839 | C6H7NO | 1 033.5 | 349.223 | 1.090 | |
酚类 Phenol | 邻甲苯酚 O-cresol | C95487 | C7H8O | 1 044.8 | 363.658 | 1.112 |
对乙基苯酚 4-ethyl phenol | C123079 | C8H10O | 1 148.7 | 515.436 | 1.197 | |
对甲基苯酚 P-cresol | C106445 | C7H8O | 1 096.2 | 434.241 | 1.151 | |
对乙烯基愈疮木酚 4-vinylguaiacol | C7786610 | C9H10O2 | 1 276.1 | 896.905 | 1.217 | |
2,6-二甲基苯酚 2,6-dimethylphenol | C576261 | C8H10O | 1 117.5 | 465.299 | 1.137 | |
2,6-二氯苯酚 2,6-dichlorophenol | C87650 | C6H4Cl2O | 1 205.4 | 646.440 | 1.213 | |
4-甲基愈创木酚 4-methyl guaiacol | C93516 | C8H10O2 | 1 178.2 | 575.258 | 1.186 |
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
萜类 Terpene | 2-蒎烯 Alpha-pinene | C80568 | C10H16 | 945.7 | 260.163 | 1.234 |
香茅醇 Citronellol | C106229 | C10H20O | 1 208.5 | 655.440 | 1.826 | |
芳樟醇 Linalool | C78706 | C10H18O | 1 087.7 | 422.154 | 1.713 | |
4-萜烯醇 Terpinen-4-ol | C562743 | C10H18O | 1 148.9 | 515.796 | 1.224 | |
氧化芳樟醇 Linalool oxide | C60047178 | C10H18O2 | 1 093.7 | 430.748 | 1.256 | |
其他类 Other kind | 苯乙烯 Styrene | C100425 | C8H8 | 920.7 | 242.583 | 1.045 |
2,2,4,6,6-五甲基庚烷 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane | C13475826 | C12H26 | 991.8 | 300.899 | 1.377 | |
茴香脑 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-benzene | C104461 | C10H12O | 1 288.9 | 948.958 | 1.000 | |
对二甲苯 1,4-dimethylbenzene | C106423 | C8H10 | 858.0 | 202.000 | 1.000 | |
苯胺 Aniline | C62533 | C6H7N | 798.3 | 163.849 | 1.417 | |
对烯丙基苯甲醚 Methyl chavicol | C140670 | C10H12O | 1 195.7 | 619.327 | 1.252 | |
二丙基二硫醚 Dipropyl disulfide | C629196 | C6H14S2 | 1 115.9 | 462.933 | 1.256 | |
二乙二醇丁醚 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol | C112345 | C8H18O3 | 1 199.8 | 630.000 | 2.000 | |
二丁基硫醚 Butyl sulfide | C544401 | C8H18S | 1 088.7 | 423.575 | 1.310 | |
六甲基二硅氧烷 Hexamethyldisiloxane | C107460 | C6H18OSi2 | 687.4 | 100.611 | 1.341 |
Table 3 Volatile substances in different varieties of cabbage
种类 Kind | 化合物名称 Name of compound | CAS编号 CAS number | 分子式 Molecular formula | 保留指数 Retention index | 保留时间 Retention time/s | 漂移时间 Migration time/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
萜类 Terpene | 2-蒎烯 Alpha-pinene | C80568 | C10H16 | 945.7 | 260.163 | 1.234 |
香茅醇 Citronellol | C106229 | C10H20O | 1 208.5 | 655.440 | 1.826 | |
芳樟醇 Linalool | C78706 | C10H18O | 1 087.7 | 422.154 | 1.713 | |
4-萜烯醇 Terpinen-4-ol | C562743 | C10H18O | 1 148.9 | 515.796 | 1.224 | |
氧化芳樟醇 Linalool oxide | C60047178 | C10H18O2 | 1 093.7 | 430.748 | 1.256 | |
其他类 Other kind | 苯乙烯 Styrene | C100425 | C8H8 | 920.7 | 242.583 | 1.045 |
2,2,4,6,6-五甲基庚烷 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane | C13475826 | C12H26 | 991.8 | 300.899 | 1.377 | |
茴香脑 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-benzene | C104461 | C10H12O | 1 288.9 | 948.958 | 1.000 | |
对二甲苯 1,4-dimethylbenzene | C106423 | C8H10 | 858.0 | 202.000 | 1.000 | |
苯胺 Aniline | C62533 | C6H7N | 798.3 | 163.849 | 1.417 | |
对烯丙基苯甲醚 Methyl chavicol | C140670 | C10H12O | 1 195.7 | 619.327 | 1.252 | |
二丙基二硫醚 Dipropyl disulfide | C629196 | C6H14S2 | 1 115.9 | 462.933 | 1.256 | |
二乙二醇丁醚 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol | C112345 | C8H18O3 | 1 199.8 | 630.000 | 2.000 | |
二丁基硫醚 Butyl sulfide | C544401 | C8H18S | 1 088.7 | 423.575 | 1.310 | |
六甲基二硅氧烷 Hexamethyldisiloxane | C107460 | C6H18OSi2 | 687.4 | 100.611 | 1.341 |
Fig.2 Fingerprints of volatile substances in different varieties of cabbageNote: The yellow box in the picture is the key volatile substance of cabbage, and the red box is the characteristic volatile substance of the variety.
主成分 PC | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 贡献率 Percentage of variance/% | 累计贡献率 Cumulative percentage of variance/% |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 4.95 | 29.13 | 29.13 |
2 | 3.70 | 21.76 | 50.89 |
3 | 2.94 | 17.29 | 68.18 |
4 | 1.82 | 10.72 | 78.90 |
5 | 1.19 | 7.01 | 85.91 |
Table 4 Variance contribution rate
主成分 PC | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 贡献率 Percentage of variance/% | 累计贡献率 Cumulative percentage of variance/% |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 4.95 | 29.13 | 29.13 |
2 | 3.70 | 21.76 | 50.89 |
3 | 2.94 | 17.29 | 68.18 |
4 | 1.82 | 10.72 | 78.90 |
5 | 1.19 | 7.01 | 85.91 |
指标Index | 主成分 PC | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
纵径 Vertical diameter | -0.858 | -0.048 | -0.149 | 0.213 | 0.243 |
醛类 Aldehyde | -0.753 | 0.142 | 0.293 | -0.220 | -0.096 |
其他类 Other kinds | 0.731 | -0.269 | 0.430 | 0.397 | -0.091 |
酸类 Acid | 0.655 | 0.520 | -0.067 | -0.474 | 0.074 |
呼吸强度 Respiratory intensity | -0.588 | 0.048 | -0.382 | 0.556 | -0.313 |
可滴定酸 Titratable acidity | 0.567 | -0.014 | -0.314 | -0.406 | 0.213 |
维生素C Vitamin C | 0.563 | -0.027 | -0.197 | 0.543 | 0.460 |
酮类 Ketone | 0.514 | 0.476 | 0.361 | -0.391 | -0.194 |
萜类 Terpenes | -0.258 | 0.788 | 0.173 | 0.081 | 0.447 |
酚类 Phenols | 0.521 | -0.718 | 0.169 | 0.017 | -0.250 |
酯类 Ester | -0.132 | 0.611 | 0.580 | 0.216 | -0.162 |
横径 Transverse diameter | 0.468 | -0.609 | 0.369 | 0.297 | 0.120 |
杂环类 Heterocycle | -0.296 | 0.511 | 0.687 | 0.173 | -0.061 |
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar | 0.377 | 0.483 | -0.660 | 0.223 | 0.019 |
可溶性固形物 Total soluble solids | 0.376 | 0.587 | -0.621 | 0.218 | -0.058 |
醇类 Alcohol | 0.502 | 0.319 | 0.621 | 0.283 | 0.275 |
叶球质量 Leaf head weight | -0.490 | -0.532 | 0.135 | -0.274 | 0.576 |
Table 5 PC load matrix of each index of cabbage
指标Index | 主成分 PC | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
纵径 Vertical diameter | -0.858 | -0.048 | -0.149 | 0.213 | 0.243 |
醛类 Aldehyde | -0.753 | 0.142 | 0.293 | -0.220 | -0.096 |
其他类 Other kinds | 0.731 | -0.269 | 0.430 | 0.397 | -0.091 |
酸类 Acid | 0.655 | 0.520 | -0.067 | -0.474 | 0.074 |
呼吸强度 Respiratory intensity | -0.588 | 0.048 | -0.382 | 0.556 | -0.313 |
可滴定酸 Titratable acidity | 0.567 | -0.014 | -0.314 | -0.406 | 0.213 |
维生素C Vitamin C | 0.563 | -0.027 | -0.197 | 0.543 | 0.460 |
酮类 Ketone | 0.514 | 0.476 | 0.361 | -0.391 | -0.194 |
萜类 Terpenes | -0.258 | 0.788 | 0.173 | 0.081 | 0.447 |
酚类 Phenols | 0.521 | -0.718 | 0.169 | 0.017 | -0.250 |
酯类 Ester | -0.132 | 0.611 | 0.580 | 0.216 | -0.162 |
横径 Transverse diameter | 0.468 | -0.609 | 0.369 | 0.297 | 0.120 |
杂环类 Heterocycle | -0.296 | 0.511 | 0.687 | 0.173 | -0.061 |
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar | 0.377 | 0.483 | -0.660 | 0.223 | 0.019 |
可溶性固形物 Total soluble solids | 0.376 | 0.587 | -0.621 | 0.218 | -0.058 |
醇类 Alcohol | 0.502 | 0.319 | 0.621 | 0.283 | 0.275 |
叶球质量 Leaf head weight | -0.490 | -0.532 | 0.135 | -0.274 | 0.576 |
品种 Variety | 权重 Weight | 综合得分 Comprehensive score | 排名Ranking | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | |||
中甘107 Zhonggan107 | 3.37 | 0.11 | 1.40 | 0.96 | -1.03 | 1.49 | 1 |
佳美特 Jiameite | 0.95 | 1.74 | 1.11 | -1.74 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 2 |
苏甘198 Sugan 198 | -1.30 | 2.76 | -0.59 | 1.77 | 1.17 | 0.46 | 3 |
晚丰 Wanfeng | 2.36 | -2.77 | -0.53 | 1.12 | 0.69 | 0.19 | 4 |
曼戈特 Mangete | -1.90 | 1.11 | 1.48 | 0.39 | -1.23 | -0.12 | 5 |
成功65 Chenggong 65 | 1.39 | 0.71 | -2.65 | -1.81 | -0.32 | -0.13 | 6 |
尼森 Nisen | -2.22 | -2.23 | 1.95 | -1.06 | 0.49 | -1.02 | 7 |
探春 Tanchun | -2.67 | -1.43 | -2.17 | 0.37 | -0.67 | -1.71 | 8 |
Table 6 PC analysis comprehensive scores of different cabbage varieties
品种 Variety | 权重 Weight | 综合得分 Comprehensive score | 排名Ranking | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | |||
中甘107 Zhonggan107 | 3.37 | 0.11 | 1.40 | 0.96 | -1.03 | 1.49 | 1 |
佳美特 Jiameite | 0.95 | 1.74 | 1.11 | -1.74 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 2 |
苏甘198 Sugan 198 | -1.30 | 2.76 | -0.59 | 1.77 | 1.17 | 0.46 | 3 |
晚丰 Wanfeng | 2.36 | -2.77 | -0.53 | 1.12 | 0.69 | 0.19 | 4 |
曼戈特 Mangete | -1.90 | 1.11 | 1.48 | 0.39 | -1.23 | -0.12 | 5 |
成功65 Chenggong 65 | 1.39 | 0.71 | -2.65 | -1.81 | -0.32 | -0.13 | 6 |
尼森 Nisen | -2.22 | -2.23 | 1.95 | -1.06 | 0.49 | -1.02 | 7 |
探春 Tanchun | -2.67 | -1.43 | -2.17 | 0.37 | -0.67 | -1.71 | 8 |
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