Abstract:

Pollen pore size regulators play central roles in the formation of plant germination pore size. To study the regulation of germination pore development on the pollen surface of wheat and explore the regulatory function of the TaINP1 gene family homologous to OsINP1 in the formation of germination pore size in wheat， 53 members of wheat TaINP1 gene family were identified in the wheat genome using bioinformatics strategies， and their physicochemical properties， promoter cis acting elements and collinearity relationship between genes were systematically analyzed. Tissue expression analysis showed that TaINP2.2 and TaINP2.5 genes were significantly expressed in panicle of wheat， some TaINP1 genes， such as TaINP2.5 and TaINP3.2 etc， were highly induced in pollen after low temperature （10 ℃） treatment. Combined with pollen germination and nano-magnetic bead conversion technology， the RFP reporter gene was successfully introduced into wheat pollen， and the fluorescence intensity of pollen at different low temperatures was observed by laser confocal microscopy， the results showed that the TaINP1 genes played important roles in regulating pollen pore opening and closing. Above results provided basis for the regulation mechanism of wheat pollen pore， and also provided reference for optimizing the efficient transformation system of wheat pollen nanobeads， and also opened up a new way for genetic improvement of wheat molecular breeding.

Key words: wheat, pollen development, INP1 gene family, expression patterns, conversion solution, low temperature

摘要：

花粉孔径调控因子在植物萌发孔径形成中发挥着核心作用。为探究小麦花粉表面萌发的孔发育调控机理，深入探索与OsINP1同源的TaINP1基因家族在小麦萌发孔径形成中的调控功能，利用生物信息学策略，在小麦基因组中鉴定出53个小麦TaINP1基因，系统分析了其理化性质、启动子顺式作用元件、基因间的共线性关系。组织表达分析表明，TaINP2.2、TaINP2.5等基因在小麦穗部显著高表达； TaINP2.5、TaINP3.2等基因经低温（10 ℃）处理后在花粉中高表达。结合花粉萌发及纳米磁珠转化技术，将RFP报告基因成功导入小麦花粉中，并利用激光共聚焦显微镜观测不同低温处理花粉的荧光强度，证实TaINP1基因在调控花粉孔开闭中起重要作用。以上研究结果为小麦花粉孔发育的调控机理奠定了基础，也为优化小麦花粉纳米磁珠高效转化体系提供了参考，为小麦分子育种遗传改良开辟了新途径。

关键词: 小麦, 花粉孔发育, INP1基因家族, 表达模式, 低温