Abstract:

At present, studies on foxtail millet tissue culture and genetic transformation are relatively less, the callus induction of different explants and its transformation efficiency is relatively low. This paper analyzes the formative factors of callus induction and optimizes the inducing conditions by using different foxtail millet shoot apex as explants. The results showed that the optimized embryonic callus induction rate could be as high as 75.4% and the callus differentiation rate  was about 15%. In addition, we transformed the callus using agro-bacterium tumefaciens-mediated, and conducted GUS staining analysis. The result indicated that the transformation of callus GUS transient expression efficiency could be up to 22.3%. In this study, shoot tip explants could reduce the restriction of seasons and regions. The preliminary results showed that the optimized callus induction rate was greatly increased and the GUS transformation efficiency was also improved. This result has provided reference data for future studied on millet tissue culture and genetic transformation.

Key words: foxtail millet, shoot apex, tissue culture, genetic transformation

摘要：

目前谷子组织培养和转化研究相对较少，不同外植体愈伤诱导以及转化效率相对较低。采用不同谷子品种茎尖作为外植体进行愈伤诱导，分析影响愈伤形成的因素并对诱导条件进行优化，结果表明优化后胚性愈伤诱导率最高可达75.4%，愈伤分化率达15%左右。此外对根癌农杆菌介导转化愈伤进行GUS染色分析，结果表明转化愈伤GUS的瞬时表达效率最高在22.3%。由于用茎尖做外植体不受季节和地域的限制，初步研究结果表明优化后愈伤诱导率大大提高，初步GUS检测表明转化效率也有所提高。该结果为今后谷子组织培养和遗传转化研究提供参考数据。

关键词: 谷子;茎尖;组织培养;遗传转化