Table of Content

15 October 2006, Volume 8 Issue 5

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Analysis of Animal Diseases Control Stategies in China

ZHAO De-ming

2006, 8(5):  1-4. 

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In recent years,many animal infectious diseases broke out frequently in domestic and international areas,which exposed some problems that existed in the severe animal infectious diseases prevention and control system in China. However,the rigid confidential policy on severe animal infectious diseases are still adopted in China at present, which greatly blocks the scientific research on severe animal infectious diseases and the establishment of epidem ic diseases prevention and control system, as well as the international cooperation and academic communication. Moreover,such system extremely influence d the correct understanding of the animal epidemic diseases for public. In this article, a series of exigent problems were pointed out based on the comprehensive analysis of the current prevention and control status of severe animal infectious diseases in domestic and international areas, as well as certain suggestions were proposed as below： ① Establish a perfect prevention and control system for severe animal infectious diseases ; constitute a conssulted organization made up of national infectious disease specialists; maximize the effect of universities and institutes; establish the perfect technological assistance system. ② Learn the advanced infectious disease preventive experience from foreign countries, to report the epidemic situation timelly. ③ Perfect the legislative system to solve the problems of how to make the existing law and statute work well together. ④ Establish the infectious disease compensatory mechanism.

Application of Immunological Technology to Agriculture

LU Ying, ZHENG Shi-jun

2006, 8(5):  5-12. 

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Immunological technology has been widely used in every branch of life science, and its application played a critical role in the progress of the wholelearning of life. This review is primarily focused on the application of various immunological techniques to agriculture with special emphasis on the detailed account of the most widely-used technique, ELISA, and on the extremely-sensitive assay, Immuno-PCR.

Epidemiology, Characterization of Pathogenicity of Classical Swine Fever Virus and control strategies of Classical Swine Fever

WANG Qing

2006, 8(5):  13-18. 

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Classical Swine Fever（CSF） is a significant fatal, hemorrhagic, and highly contagious disease of swine and is caused by classical swine fever virus.It seriously impact to pig industry in the world as well as in China. Strategies for the control and eradication of CFV had been set down in China. In recent years the epidemic situation of CSF is extremely complex and difficult to control and eradication. In this paper the progress reviewed in the world and a in epidemiology, pathogenicity, and prevention practicable strategy was described to guidance the measures of CSF were control and eradication of CSF.

Avian Influenza： Epidemiology in Recent Years, the Current and Future Prevention and Control Strategies

GAN Meng-hou|ZHENG Shi-jun

2006, 8(5):  19-26. 

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Avian Influenza （AI） is a globally threatening zoonosis, which has been envisioned by WHO as an unavoidable event to cause the pandemic in the future. This review is primarily focused on the epidemics of AI in recent years with open-minded discussion over the current issues in the prevention and control of AI. The future strategies for the control of AI were also described.

Viewpoints on Further Enhancing the Prevention and Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

LIU Jin-hua, ZHAO Ji-xun

2006, 8(5):  27-30. 

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H5influenza is a continuing threat in both the veterinary and human public health. The remarkable success had got in the control of highly pathogenic avian influenza （HPAI） in China, however, the facts that the continuously outbreak of HPAI in poultry industry and the three migratory routes of wild birds nearly covering all over our country decide the severe situation in prevention of HPAI in future. In this paper, some constructive viewpoints were put forward on the correlated prevention measures such as the constructing of the regional reference laboratory, checking the BSL-3 laboratory, strengthening the basic research, and comprehending the antigenic variance of the H5N1 viruses.

Chicken Coccidiosis and the Control Strategies

LIU Xian-yong, SUO Xun

2006, 8(5):  31-37. 

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Coccidiosis is the major parasitic disease in chickens and causes huge losses in poultry industry. Current control of coccidiosis relies heavily on chemotherapy. Scientists are questing for novel or alternative control strategies, which are amenable to be safer and more effective. This review discusses the pathogenicity, immunogenicity and parasite-host interaction of chickens and Eimeria, the causative agent of chicken coccidiosis, and illuminates the prophylactic methods using drugs and vaccines. Finally the paper views the developing of several kinds of novel vaccines.

Principle and Technology of Water-saving, Fertilizer-saving, |High-yielding and Simple Cultivation in Winter Wheat

WANG Zhi-min, WANG Pu, LI Xu-hou, LI Jian-min, LU Lai-qing

2006, 8(5):  38-44. 

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Increasing grain yield and improving water-fertilizer use efficiency simultaneously are very important for sustainable development of winter wheat production in Northern China. At Cangzhou Prefecture of Hebei Province, a shortest area of water resource in Northern China , through researches for many years, the cultivating system of water-saving, fertilizer-saving, high-yielding and simple management were developed in winter wheat, which combined high grain yield with high water-fertilizer use efficiency. In this paper, we reviewed main principles and key techniques of the cultivating system.

Study on Optimization of N, P and K Fertilizer on High Yield Tomato Cultivation in Growing Media

JIANG Wei-jie, YU Hong-jun, ZHU De-wei, DU Yong-chen

2006, 8(5):  45-49. 

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Application of saturated D-optimal design, total of 10 treatments, experiment on effect of nutrient N, P and K on yield of long term tomato cultivation was conducted by directly supplying solid N, P and K fertilizer （mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers） in eco-organic type soilless culture system, related models between fertilization amount and yield at different growth stage were established. The results indicated that N, P and K nutrient had significant effects on tomato early, middle and late yield. The optimum fertilization amount of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.72 （g/plant/time, the same as the following）, 0.32 and 1.04 respectively during early growing stage of tomato. The demand for N and K increased during middle growth period, the optimum fertilization amount of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.85, 0.22 and 1.40 respectively. And then demand for N and K slightly decreased during late growth period, the optimum fertilization amount of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.78, 0.25 and 1.27 respectively.

Key Technique of Pleurotus Eryngii Var. Nebrodensis for High Efficiency Planting

LI Guan-xit, WANG jue, HUA Guo-dong, SU Chang, ZHANG Can-hong

2006, 8(5):  50-55. 

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The key technique of planting Pleurotus eryngii vat. nebrodensis were studied, according to the experiment on directions for producing culture medium,the method of mixing material, back autumn, and the method of producing mushroom. The result of experiment showed that,for producing culture medium, the op- timum mother seed directions was cottonseed shuck synthetical culture medium; the optimum primary seed and planting seed directions was kernel culture medium; the optimum planting bag directions was cottonseed shuck culture medium; the optimum method of mixing material is piling up and letting in oxygen zymotechnics; the optimum back autumn is thirty days; the fungus a3 needn＇t handling with back autumn, the method of producing mushroom should choose neatly according to producing aim.

Advances in the Transformation of Flower Color Gene in Ornamental Plant

XU Ji-zun, WANG Li-hui

2006, 8(5):  56-60. 

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Starting with formative principles of flower color and kinds of pigmentation, this paper presented biosynthetic pathways of flavonoid and carotenoid and summarized the advance of flower color transformation from kinds of flower color genes and their ways of transformation in ornamental plants. At the same time, the author elucidated perspectives of the genetic transformation of flower color and genetic engineering in China.

Science and Technology Countermeasures of Chinese Food Industry

WANNG Zhe

2006, 8(5):  61-65. 

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In this paper, the present situation of Chinese food industry was introduced, and international trend and major problems restricting the development of food industry in China were also analyzed, and then S＆T countermeasures of Chinese food industry were elaborated.

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Germination of Weed Seeds in Orchard

MA Feng-lei,JJA Ke-gong

2006, 8(5):  66-71. 

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Under the condition of constant temperature at 25 ± 1℃ and 12 hour light/d, the effects of paclobutrazol on germination of 5 dicotyledonous weed seeds in orchard, which are Pharbitis purpurea （ L. ） Voigt, Pharbitis nil （ L. ） Choisy, Chenopodium serotinum L , Amaranthus albus L and Sonchus olerraceus L. , were studied. The results showed that in a certain concentration range, the germination percentage and germination energy markedly or greatly markedly declined with the concentration of paclobutrazol increasing, and the growth of radical and plumule was inhibited markedly at the same time. The sensitivities of these weed seeds varied： The Amaranthus albus L. was the most sensitive, when the concentration of paclobutrazol was 5 mg/L, the grrowth of its radical and plumule was markedly inhibited, and the germination percentage and germination energy of its seeds were decreased markedly when the concentration of paclobutrazol reach 10 mg/L ,and they declined under 50 percent when the concentration of paclobutrazol was 25 mg/L, and the seedswouldnt germinate when the concentration of paclobutrazol arrived at 35 mg/L; The seeds of Sonchus oleraceus L. were sensitive to paclobutrazol, the germination percentage was remarkably inhibited by 25 mg/L paclobutrazol , and the germination percentage declined under 50 percent when these seeds were treated by 100 mg/L paclobutrazol. But the seeds of Chenopodium serotinum L ,Pharbitis purpurea （L.） Voigt and Pharbitis nil （L.） Choisy weren＇t sensitive, the concentrations of paclobutrazol which can remarkedly decrease the seeds germination percentage were 200 rag/L, 150 rag/Land 200 mg/L respectively. Only when the concentration of paclobutrazol was above 400 mg/L, the germination percentage of Chenopodium serotinum L. seeds could be decreased under 50%. And the germination percentages of Pharbitis purpurea （ L. ） Voigt and Pharbitis nil（ L. ） Choisy seeds went up after they slowly decliined to 90 % with the increasing of paclobutrazol concentration.

Features of Tri-dimension Pollution, From Agriculture and Its Prevention Thoughts in China

YANG Zheng-li, LI Mao-song, ZHANG Li-jian

2006, 8(5):  72-76. 

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Tri-dimension pollution from Agriculture （TDPA） is rather a new concept which is directly related to the pollution of a point or nonpoint source, but quite different from it. The features and severe situation of the TDPA in China have been analyzed, and the main problems in its prevention are put forward in the paper. After introducing overseas practices on prevention of agricultural pollution, the overall thought against TDPA in China is proposed,in which related fundamental guideline, basic approaches and overall objectives are included and dissertated. Lastly, the suggestions to prevent and control TDPA have been brought forward.

Enhance Competition Capacity of Fujian Fruit Industry Facing to Zero Tariff of Taiwan Fruit

HUANG Ai-ping|ZHENG Shao-quan

2006, 8(5):  77-82. 

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The zero tariff was carried out to Taiwan by China mainland, which induced great influence on fruit industry to Taiwan and China mainland, especially to Fujian province. The paper analyzed the present situation of fruit industry of Fujian and Taiwan, reviewed the cooperation history and prospected future of Fujian＆Taiwan fruit industry. And the measures are also brought forward to enhance the competition of Fujian fruit industry.

Evaluation of Environment and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Lingshan Tobacco Areas

MA Jing-min, MA Cong, WANG Jian-gang, YAOYan-bin| GE Rong-deng

2006, 8(5):  83-89. 

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Basic conditions for tobacco-growing areas, meteorological factors, status of soil nutrients and quality of tobacco leaves were analyzed in Lingshan, Henan Province, using the method of correlation analysis and quantitative analysis. The results indicated that： ① Many environmental indexes in Lingshhan tobacco areas are optimum.② In Lingshan tobacco areas, there are abundant sunlight, heat and rainwater resources , and with hilly climate, especiallly typical climate from subtropical to warm temperate climate, it could be the major climatic factors to produce high quality tobacco leaves with rich aroma and taste.③ The Organic matter content was medium to high and the capacity of soil N was moderate, which was good for the growth of flue-cured toobacco; In most soil samples, the content of available P was high and the content of available K was medium; the contents of most medium and micro elements were rich. But the ratio of Ca to Mg and the ratio of K to Ca in soil were not balanced, which decreased the absorption of Mg and K. In addition, the contents of available Zn, available B and available Mo were obviously low. It was suggested to control N, decrease P, increase K, Zn, B and Mo for balanced fertilization. ④Lingshan tobacco leaves had distinguishing features of high appearance quality with orange color and medium body, balanced chemical components, good sensory quality with rich flavor and medium physiological intension.

Fishing Ground Distribution of Cololabis Saira and Its Corrdation with SST in the Northwestern Pacific from July to September 2005

HUA Chuan-xiang, ZHU Qing-cheng, WU Yong-hui, XU Wei

2006, 8(5):  90-94. 

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In this study, patio-temporal distribution of Pacific Saury （ Cololabis saira） and its correlation with SST （ sea surface temperature） in the Northwestern Pacific from July to September 2005 were investigated with the GIS software of Marine Explorer 4.0 on a weekly by a grid of 1°× 1° scale. The results indicated that the fishing ground varied with a tendency of moving from Southwest to Northeast during this period. SST in the fishing grounds ranged from 11 to 15℃ with the optimum of 12-13℃. Krnskal-Wallis test showed that there were not significant differences in CPUE among temperatures during surrey period.