超高压处理对赤霞珠葡萄挥发性物质的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1036

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (9): 146-158.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1036

• 食品质量加工储运 • 上一篇

超高压处理对赤霞珠葡萄挥发性物质的影响

王学庆¹(), 张波¹(), 韩丽婷¹, 吕转转¹, 陈建军², 张竹林², 张军强², 杜建梅²

^1.甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院，甘肃省葡萄与葡萄酒工程学重点实验室，甘肃省葡萄酒产业技术研发中心，兰州 730030
^2.甘肃张掖国风葡萄酒业有限责任公司，甘肃张掖 734000

收稿日期:2022-11-28 接受日期:2023-05-05 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-13
通讯作者: 张波
作者简介:王学庆 E-mail：1339245327@qq.com；
基金资助:
甘肃省陇原青年英才项目(GSRC-202311173);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA519);甘肃省葡萄酒产业发展专项资金项目(GSPTJZX-2020-4);甘肃省现代水果产业体系项目(GARS-SG-7)

Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing on Volatile Compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon

Xueqing WANG¹(), Bo ZHANG¹(), Liting HAN¹, Zhuanzhuan LYU¹, Jianjun CHEN², Zhulin ZHANG², Junqiang ZHANG², Jianmei DU²

^1.Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology； Research and Development Center of Wine Industry in Gansu Province；College of Food Science and Engineering，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730030，China
^2.Gansu Zhangye Guofeng Wine Industry Co. Ltd. ，Gansu Zhangye 734000，China

Received:2022-11-28 Accepted:2023-05-05 Online:2024-09-15 Published:2024-09-13
Contact: Bo ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为改善酿酒葡萄原料的香气品质，研究不同超高压处理条件对赤霞珠葡萄果实挥发性物质的影响，利用顶空固相微萃取（headspace-solid phase microextraction，HS-SPME）与气相色谱-质谱联用技术（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，GC-MS），对不同超高压条件处理的葡萄果实挥发性物质进行测定，结合主成分分析与香气轮廓描述对其特征香气进行分析。结果表明，不同处理条件下的果实挥发性物质与对照相比均发生显著变化（P<0.05）；主成分分析发现，400 MPa压力操作及25 min的处理时间均与果实中具有草本、果香气味的醛、酮类物质有较高的相关性；香气轮廓分析发现，一定的压力与时间处理可显著提高赤霞珠葡萄的气味强度。以上研究结果为超高压技术在葡萄酒生产中的应用与推广提供了一定的数据参考和技术支持。

关键词: 超高压, 挥发性物质, 主成分分析, 香气轮廓分析

Abstract:

In order to improve the aroma quality of wine grape raw materials， the effects of different ultra-high pressure treatment conditions on the volatile substances of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes were studied. The headspace-solid phase microextraction （HS-SPME） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） were used，and the characteristic aroma was studied with principal component analysis and aroma profile analysis. The results showed that， compared with the control， the volatile compounds in grapes under different treatment conditions changed significantly （P<0.05）. Principal component analysis showed that the pressure operation of 400 MPa and the treatment conditions of 25 min were highly correlated with aldehydes and ketones with herbal and fruity smells in grapes. The aroma profile of volatile substances found that certain pressure and time treatment could significantly improve the odor intensity of grapes. Above results provided certain data references and technical support for applying and promoting high hydrostatic pressure technology in wine production.

Key words: high hydrostatic pressure, volatile compounds, principal component analysis, aroma profile analysis

中图分类号:

S663.1

王学庆, 张波, 韩丽婷, 吕转转, 陈建军, 张竹林, 张军强, 杜建梅. 超高压处理对赤霞珠葡萄挥发性物质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(9): 146-158.

Xueqing WANG, Bo ZHANG, Liting HAN, Zhuanzhuan LYU, Jianjun CHEN, Zhulin ZHANG, Junqiang ZHANG, Jianmei DU. Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing on Volatile Compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(9): 146-158.

图/表 6

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类别 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	压力处理Pressure treatment/MPa
类别 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	100	200	300	400	500
醇类 Alcohols	己醇 1-hexanol	25.16±0.08 bc	28.76±1.37 a	27.96±1.10 ab	26.60±2.09 ab	16.80±1.34 e	23.29±0.25 c
	顺-3-己烯醇（Z）-3-hexenol	5.50±0.08 c	5.41±0.22 c	4.93±0.02 c	6.50±0.51 a	4.04±0.26 c	5.36±0.14 c
	反-2-己烯醇（E）-2-hexenol	31.25±0.68 a	26.46±1.36 b	19.56±0.65 c	27.40±1.65 b	17.05±1.14 d	20.71±0.49 c
	1-辛烯-3-醇 Oct-1-en-3-ol	1.80±0.04 c	2.27±0.18 b	2.59±0.07 a	1.78±0.25 c	0.77±0.10 d	2.81±0.12 a
	辛醇 1-octanol	0.92±0.05 a	0.97±0.01 a	0.99±0.05 a	0.79±0.01 b	0.70±0.06 c	—
	总计 Total	64.64±0.93 a	63.87±3.15 a	56.04±1.89 b	63.09±4.49 a	39.36±2.91 c	52.17±1.00 b
醛类 Aldehydes	己醛 Hexanal	372.87±34.52 b	313.90±5.23 c	378.96±1.37 b	370.97±0.22 b	531.29±18.16 a	185.80±26.99 d
	顺-3-己烯醛（Z）-3-hexenal	2.52±0.37 a	1.68±0.12 b	1.54±0.18 b	1.79±0.08 b	2.21±0.09 a	0.81±0.07 c
	庚醛 Heptanal	0.52±0.05 b	0.37±0.00 c	0.46±0.02 b	0.61±0.02 a	0.74±0.09 a	0.39±0.04 c
	反-2-己烯醛（E）-2-hexenal	710.16±25.49 b	482.48±5.64 c	509.52±3.15 c	717.67±15.12 b	822.43±20.31 a	327.03±31.16 d
	己醛二乙缩醛 1，1-diethoxyhexane	1.92±0.30 d	2.14±0.01 cd	2.47±0.19 c	3.05±0.15 b	3.86±0.07 a	1.20±0.14 e
	反-2-庚烯醛（E）-2-heptenal	1.56±0.06 bc	0.90±0.01 d	1.04±0.08 cd	1.31±0.02 bcd	2.16±0.56 a	1.73±0.15 ab
	反-2-辛烯醛（E）-2-octenal	0.53±0.05 b	0.43±0.04 b	1.06±0.11 a	1.11±0.08 a	1.16±0.14 a	1.14±0.11 a
	反，反-2，4-庚二烯醛（E，E）-2，4-heptadienal	0.84±0.03 c	0.67±0.02 d	0.74±0.07 cd	1.07±0.04 b	1.31±0.07 a	0.86±0.07 c
	反-2-壬烯醛（E）-2-nonenal	0.83±0.11 b	0.96±0.05 b	1.59±0.21 a	1.02±0.15 b	—	—
	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醛（2E，6Z）-nona-2，6-dienal	0.51±0.09 c	0.95±0.01 b	1.38±0.17 a	0.81±0.08 b	—	—
	总计Total	1 092.28±61.06 b	804.48±11.14 d	898.77±5.55 c	1 099.41±15.96 b	1 364.42±39.41 a	518.96±58.72 e
酮类 Ketones	1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one	1.04±0.32 b	0.54±0.10 c	0.56±0.03 c	0.73±0.03 bc	1.38±0.09 a	0.58±0.06 c
	4-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮 4-methyl-3-penten- 2-one	53.67±2.65 b	40.35±0.63 d	46.17±2.54 c	53.85±2.19 b	71.16±4.38 a	34.40±1.46 e
	甲基庚烯酮 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one	0.80±0.04 b	0.52±0.00 c	1.06±0.05 a	0.53±0.01 c	0.51±0.04 c	0.50±0.16 c
	佛尔酮 Phorone	12.24±1.31 bc	10.63±0.23 c	14.03±0.46 b	16.93±1.57 a	12.72±0.05 b	7.90±0.02 d
	异佛尔酮 Isophorone	4.13±0.16 c	3.82±0.19 c	4.76±0.18 b	4.66±0.11 b	6.32±0.46 a	3.06±0.03 d
	总计 Total	71.88±4.49 bc	55.85±1.14 d	66.58±3.25 c	76.70±3.91 b	92.09±4.98 a	46.44±1.73 e
酯类 Esters	顺-3-己烯乙酸酯（Z）-3-hexenyl acetate	0.83±0.00 a	—	—	—	—	—
芳香族 Aromatic	苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	1.68±0.08 b	2.29±0.14 a	2.44±0.10 a	1.16±0.05 c	1.66±0.15 b	1.22±0.21 c
	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol	1.98±0.02 c	3.08±0.16 a	3.15±0.22 a	2.11±0.15 bc	1.81±0.12 c	2.35±0.16 b
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	1.17±0.06 b	0.71±0.04 c	0.89±0.04 c	1.34±0.08 b	2.40±0.18 a	0.78±0.13 c
	总计 Total	4.82±0.16 c	6.08±0.35 ab	6.48±0.36 a	4.61±0.28 c	5.87±0.45 b	4.35±0.51 c
萜烯类 Terpenes	柠檬烯 Limonene	7.66±0.60 a	3.36±0.06 c	3.55±0.14 c	3.35±0.14 c	5.70±0.24 b	6.19±0.02 b
其他 Others	2， 6-二叔丁基对甲酚 Butylated hydroxytoluene	68.43±3.06 d	67.23±0.55 d	41.25±0.01 e	96.34±1.22 a	90.14±3.61 b	79.62±3.82 c
	1， 3， 5-三甲苯 Mesitylene	1.42±0.21 b	1.11±0.10 b	1.97±0.23 a	1.90±0.16 a	1.19±0.02 b	1.28±0.11 b
	总计 Total	69.85±3.27 d	68.34±0.65 d	43.16±0.24 e	98.24±1.38 a	91.33±3.63 b	80.90±3.93 c

类别 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	压力处理Pressure treatment/MPa
类别 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	100	200	300	400	500
醇类 Alcohols	己醇 1-hexanol	25.16±0.08 bc	28.76±1.37 a	27.96±1.10 ab	26.60±2.09 ab	16.80±1.34 e	23.29±0.25 c
	顺-3-己烯醇（Z）-3-hexenol	5.50±0.08 c	5.41±0.22 c	4.93±0.02 c	6.50±0.51 a	4.04±0.26 c	5.36±0.14 c
	反-2-己烯醇（E）-2-hexenol	31.25±0.68 a	26.46±1.36 b	19.56±0.65 c	27.40±1.65 b	17.05±1.14 d	20.71±0.49 c
	1-辛烯-3-醇 Oct-1-en-3-ol	1.80±0.04 c	2.27±0.18 b	2.59±0.07 a	1.78±0.25 c	0.77±0.10 d	2.81±0.12 a
	辛醇 1-octanol	0.92±0.05 a	0.97±0.01 a	0.99±0.05 a	0.79±0.01 b	0.70±0.06 c	—
	总计 Total	64.64±0.93 a	63.87±3.15 a	56.04±1.89 b	63.09±4.49 a	39.36±2.91 c	52.17±1.00 b
醛类 Aldehydes	己醛 Hexanal	372.87±34.52 b	313.90±5.23 c	378.96±1.37 b	370.97±0.22 b	531.29±18.16 a	185.80±26.99 d
	顺-3-己烯醛（Z）-3-hexenal	2.52±0.37 a	1.68±0.12 b	1.54±0.18 b	1.79±0.08 b	2.21±0.09 a	0.81±0.07 c
	庚醛 Heptanal	0.52±0.05 b	0.37±0.00 c	0.46±0.02 b	0.61±0.02 a	0.74±0.09 a	0.39±0.04 c
	反-2-己烯醛（E）-2-hexenal	710.16±25.49 b	482.48±5.64 c	509.52±3.15 c	717.67±15.12 b	822.43±20.31 a	327.03±31.16 d
	己醛二乙缩醛 1，1-diethoxyhexane	1.92±0.30 d	2.14±0.01 cd	2.47±0.19 c	3.05±0.15 b	3.86±0.07 a	1.20±0.14 e
	反-2-庚烯醛（E）-2-heptenal	1.56±0.06 bc	0.90±0.01 d	1.04±0.08 cd	1.31±0.02 bcd	2.16±0.56 a	1.73±0.15 ab
	反-2-辛烯醛（E）-2-octenal	0.53±0.05 b	0.43±0.04 b	1.06±0.11 a	1.11±0.08 a	1.16±0.14 a	1.14±0.11 a
	反，反-2，4-庚二烯醛（E，E）-2，4-heptadienal	0.84±0.03 c	0.67±0.02 d	0.74±0.07 cd	1.07±0.04 b	1.31±0.07 a	0.86±0.07 c
	反-2-壬烯醛（E）-2-nonenal	0.83±0.11 b	0.96±0.05 b	1.59±0.21 a	1.02±0.15 b	—	—
	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醛（2E，6Z）-nona-2，6-dienal	0.51±0.09 c	0.95±0.01 b	1.38±0.17 a	0.81±0.08 b	—	—
	总计Total	1 092.28±61.06 b	804.48±11.14 d	898.77±5.55 c	1 099.41±15.96 b	1 364.42±39.41 a	518.96±58.72 e
酮类 Ketones	1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one	1.04±0.32 b	0.54±0.10 c	0.56±0.03 c	0.73±0.03 bc	1.38±0.09 a	0.58±0.06 c
	4-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮 4-methyl-3-penten- 2-one	53.67±2.65 b	40.35±0.63 d	46.17±2.54 c	53.85±2.19 b	71.16±4.38 a	34.40±1.46 e
	甲基庚烯酮 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one	0.80±0.04 b	0.52±0.00 c	1.06±0.05 a	0.53±0.01 c	0.51±0.04 c	0.50±0.16 c
	佛尔酮 Phorone	12.24±1.31 bc	10.63±0.23 c	14.03±0.46 b	16.93±1.57 a	12.72±0.05 b	7.90±0.02 d
	异佛尔酮 Isophorone	4.13±0.16 c	3.82±0.19 c	4.76±0.18 b	4.66±0.11 b	6.32±0.46 a	3.06±0.03 d
	总计 Total	71.88±4.49 bc	55.85±1.14 d	66.58±3.25 c	76.70±3.91 b	92.09±4.98 a	46.44±1.73 e
酯类 Esters	顺-3-己烯乙酸酯（Z）-3-hexenyl acetate	0.83±0.00 a	—	—	—	—	—
芳香族 Aromatic	苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	1.68±0.08 b	2.29±0.14 a	2.44±0.10 a	1.16±0.05 c	1.66±0.15 b	1.22±0.21 c
	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol	1.98±0.02 c	3.08±0.16 a	3.15±0.22 a	2.11±0.15 bc	1.81±0.12 c	2.35±0.16 b
	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	1.17±0.06 b	0.71±0.04 c	0.89±0.04 c	1.34±0.08 b	2.40±0.18 a	0.78±0.13 c
	总计 Total	4.82±0.16 c	6.08±0.35 ab	6.48±0.36 a	4.61±0.28 c	5.87±0.45 b	4.35±0.51 c
萜烯类 Terpenes	柠檬烯 Limonene	7.66±0.60 a	3.36±0.06 c	3.55±0.14 c	3.35±0.14 c	5.70±0.24 b	6.19±0.02 b
其他 Others	2， 6-二叔丁基对甲酚 Butylated hydroxytoluene	68.43±3.06 d	67.23±0.55 d	41.25±0.01 e	96.34±1.22 a	90.14±3.61 b	79.62±3.82 c
	1， 3， 5-三甲苯 Mesitylene	1.42±0.21 b	1.11±0.10 b	1.97±0.23 a	1.90±0.16 a	1.19±0.02 b	1.28±0.11 b
	总计 Total	69.85±3.27 d	68.34±0.65 d	43.16±0.24 e	98.24±1.38 a	91.33±3.63 b	80.90±3.93 c

分类 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	时间处理Time treatment/min
分类 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	5	15	25	35	45
醇类 Alcohols	己醇 1-hexanol	25.16±0.08 c	35.68±0.43 b	34.16±0.19 b	36.39±1.37 b	20.42±0.10 d	56.90±3.13 a
	顺-3-己烯醇（Z）-3-hexenol	5.50±0.08 bc	5.26±0.16 c	6.05±0.07 abc	6.85±0.26 ab	4.92±0.11 c	7.26±1.59 a
	反-2-己烯醇（E）-2-hexenol	31.25±0.68 b	28.97±0.68 bc	26.70±0.26 c	27.75±1.35 c	14.22±0.41 d	50.14±3.33 a
	1-辛烯-3-醇 Oct-1-en-3-ol	1.80±0.04 c	1.90±0.08 c	2.44±0.15 b	2.58±0.04 b	3.38±0.41 a	2.40±0.24 b
	辛醇 1-octanol	0.92±0.05 cd	0.94±0.04 cd	0.85±0.03 d	1.02±0.06 bc	1.04±0.05 b	1.22±0.01 a
	总计 Total	64.64±0.93 b	72.75±1.39 b	70.20±0.70 b	74.59±3.08 b	43.98±1.08 c	117.92±8.30 a
醛类 Aldehydes	己醛 Hexanal	372.87±34.52 b	388.15±18.70 b	435.46±24.08 a	451.35±24.45 a	270.80±4.60 d	324.78±2.30 c
	顺-3-己烯醛（Z）-3-hexenal	2.52±0.37 b	2.14±0.05 bc	1.88±0.13 c	3.11±0.01 a	1.15±0.04 d	1.90±0.33 c
	庚醛 Heptanal	0.52±0.05 bc	0.44±0.04 c	0.73±0.09 b	1.17±0.15 a	0.50±0.01 bc	0.98±0.20 a
	反-2-己烯醛（E）-2-hexenal	710.16±25.49 b	537.92±13.29 d	585.53±9.39 b	866.65±32.66 a	426.96±13.37 e	602.13±15.92 b
	己醛二乙缩醛 1，1-diethoxyhexane	1.92±0.30 d	3.68±0.07 b	4.08±0.47 b	4.99±0.01 a	2.82±0.17 c	—
	反-2-庚烯醛（E）-2-heptenal	1.56±0.06 c	1.11±0.09 d	1.49±0.25 c	2.62±0.04 b	1.54±0.14 c	3.50±0.23 a
	反-2-辛烯醛（E）-2-octenal	0.53±0.05 d	0.53±0.08 d	0.65±0.08 d	1.36±0.09 b	0.89±0.11 c	1.65±0.02 a
	反，反-2， 4-庚二烯醛（E，E）-2，4-heptadienal	0.84±0.03 c	0.63±0.03 d	0.99±0.07 b	1.73±0.01 a	0.88±0.09 c	—
	反-2-壬烯醛（E）-2-nonenal	0.83±0.11 c	0.81±0.11 c	1.21±0.18 b	2.06±0.09 a	0.70±0.03 c	2.35±0.22 a
	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醛（2E，6Z）-nona-2，6-dienal	0.51±0.09 b	0.60±0.07 b	0.77±0.04 b	1.65±0.07 a	0.71±0.04 b	1.53±0.24 a
	2-甲基丁醛 2-methylbutanal	—	—	—	—	—	0.96±0.08 a
	3-甲基丁醛 3-methylbutanal	—	—	—	—	—	0.82±0.06 a
	总计 Total	1 092.28±61.07 b	936.02±32.53 c	1 032.79±24.78 b	1 336.69±57.49 a	706.94±18.60 d	940.61±19.60 c
酮类 Ketones	1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one	1.04±0.32 ab	0.79±0.06 b	0.77±0.08 b	1.33±0.01 a	1.28±0.14 a	1.27±0.39 a
	4-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one	53.67±2.65 c	42.10±1.61 d	53.06±0.43 c	92.36±2.48 a	42.34±1.74 d	80.42±4.62 b
	甲基庚烯酮 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one	0.80±0.04 b	0.42±0.04 d	0.67±0.12 bc	1.41±0.22 a	0.51±0.03 cd	1.21±0.08 a
	佛尔酮 Phorone	12.24±1.31 bc	10.69±0.91 c	10.25±1.23 c	26.05±2.40 a	10.32±0.08 c	14.56±0.28 b
	异佛尔酮 Isophorone	4.13±0.16 b	3.66±0.14 b	4.29±0.09 b	5.50±1.10 a	4.22±0.15 b	6.53±0.39 a
	总计 Total	71.88±4.48 c	57.66±2.76 d	69.04±1.95 c	126.65±5.91 a	58.67±2.14 d	103.99±5.76 b
酯类 Esters	辛酸乙酯 Ethyl caprylate	—	—	1.65±0.13 a	0.86±0.10 c	1.05±0.02 c	1.26±0.17 b
	顺-3-己烯乙酸酯（Z）-3-hexenyl acetate	0.83±0.00 a	—	—	—	—	—
	总计 Total	0.83±0.00 d	—	1.65±0.13 a	0.86±0.10 cd	1.05±0.02 c	1.26±0.17 b
芳香族 Aromatic	苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	1.68±0.08 c	2.56±0.10 b	2.85±0.06 b	2.82±0.21 b	1.85±0.06 c	4.76±0.20 a
	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol	1.98±0.02 c	2.78±0.14 ab	2.40±0.16 ab	3.25±0.14 b	2.53±0.14 ab	4.90±1.03 a
	苯甲醛 Phenylethyl alcohol	1.17±0.06 d	1.34±0.13 d	2.30±0.24 c	3.09±0.06 b	1.40±0.09 d	6.70±0.21 a
	总计 Total	4.82±0.16 e	6.68±0.37 cd	7.55±0.46 c	9.16±0.41 b	5.78±0.29 de	16.36±1.44 a
萜烯类 Terpenes	柠檬烯 Limonene	7.66±0.60 a	4.70±0.38 b	3.69±0.11 c	3.72±0.11 c	3.41±0.04 c	3.35±0.19 c
其他 Others	2， 6-二叔丁基对甲酚 Butylated hydroxytoluene	68.43±3.06 d	107.21±4.65 b	107.12±2.14 b	95.31±0.41 c	131.78±3.14 a	101.83±3.96 bc
	1， 3， 5-三甲苯 Mesitylene	1.42±0.21 b	1.32±0.13 b	1.09±0.08 b	1.31±0.13 b	1.88±0.41 a	1.25±0.01 b
	总计 Total	69.85±3.27 d	108.53±4.78 b	108.21±2.22 b	96.62±0.54 c	133.66±3.55 a	103.08±3.97 b

分类 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	时间处理Time treatment/min
分类 Species	化合物 Compound	对照 CK	5	15	25	35	45
醇类 Alcohols	己醇 1-hexanol	25.16±0.08 c	35.68±0.43 b	34.16±0.19 b	36.39±1.37 b	20.42±0.10 d	56.90±3.13 a
	顺-3-己烯醇（Z）-3-hexenol	5.50±0.08 bc	5.26±0.16 c	6.05±0.07 abc	6.85±0.26 ab	4.92±0.11 c	7.26±1.59 a
	反-2-己烯醇（E）-2-hexenol	31.25±0.68 b	28.97±0.68 bc	26.70±0.26 c	27.75±1.35 c	14.22±0.41 d	50.14±3.33 a
	1-辛烯-3-醇 Oct-1-en-3-ol	1.80±0.04 c	1.90±0.08 c	2.44±0.15 b	2.58±0.04 b	3.38±0.41 a	2.40±0.24 b
	辛醇 1-octanol	0.92±0.05 cd	0.94±0.04 cd	0.85±0.03 d	1.02±0.06 bc	1.04±0.05 b	1.22±0.01 a
	总计 Total	64.64±0.93 b	72.75±1.39 b	70.20±0.70 b	74.59±3.08 b	43.98±1.08 c	117.92±8.30 a
醛类 Aldehydes	己醛 Hexanal	372.87±34.52 b	388.15±18.70 b	435.46±24.08 a	451.35±24.45 a	270.80±4.60 d	324.78±2.30 c
	顺-3-己烯醛（Z）-3-hexenal	2.52±0.37 b	2.14±0.05 bc	1.88±0.13 c	3.11±0.01 a	1.15±0.04 d	1.90±0.33 c
	庚醛 Heptanal	0.52±0.05 bc	0.44±0.04 c	0.73±0.09 b	1.17±0.15 a	0.50±0.01 bc	0.98±0.20 a
	反-2-己烯醛（E）-2-hexenal	710.16±25.49 b	537.92±13.29 d	585.53±9.39 b	866.65±32.66 a	426.96±13.37 e	602.13±15.92 b
	己醛二乙缩醛 1，1-diethoxyhexane	1.92±0.30 d	3.68±0.07 b	4.08±0.47 b	4.99±0.01 a	2.82±0.17 c	—
	反-2-庚烯醛（E）-2-heptenal	1.56±0.06 c	1.11±0.09 d	1.49±0.25 c	2.62±0.04 b	1.54±0.14 c	3.50±0.23 a
	反-2-辛烯醛（E）-2-octenal	0.53±0.05 d	0.53±0.08 d	0.65±0.08 d	1.36±0.09 b	0.89±0.11 c	1.65±0.02 a
	反，反-2， 4-庚二烯醛（E，E）-2，4-heptadienal	0.84±0.03 c	0.63±0.03 d	0.99±0.07 b	1.73±0.01 a	0.88±0.09 c	—
	反-2-壬烯醛（E）-2-nonenal	0.83±0.11 c	0.81±0.11 c	1.21±0.18 b	2.06±0.09 a	0.70±0.03 c	2.35±0.22 a
	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醛（2E，6Z）-nona-2，6-dienal	0.51±0.09 b	0.60±0.07 b	0.77±0.04 b	1.65±0.07 a	0.71±0.04 b	1.53±0.24 a
	2-甲基丁醛 2-methylbutanal	—	—	—	—	—	0.96±0.08 a
	3-甲基丁醛 3-methylbutanal	—	—	—	—	—	0.82±0.06 a
	总计 Total	1 092.28±61.07 b	936.02±32.53 c	1 032.79±24.78 b	1 336.69±57.49 a	706.94±18.60 d	940.61±19.60 c
酮类 Ketones	1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one	1.04±0.32 ab	0.79±0.06 b	0.77±0.08 b	1.33±0.01 a	1.28±0.14 a	1.27±0.39 a
	4-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one	53.67±2.65 c	42.10±1.61 d	53.06±0.43 c	92.36±2.48 a	42.34±1.74 d	80.42±4.62 b
	甲基庚烯酮 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one	0.80±0.04 b	0.42±0.04 d	0.67±0.12 bc	1.41±0.22 a	0.51±0.03 cd	1.21±0.08 a
	佛尔酮 Phorone	12.24±1.31 bc	10.69±0.91 c	10.25±1.23 c	26.05±2.40 a	10.32±0.08 c	14.56±0.28 b
	异佛尔酮 Isophorone	4.13±0.16 b	3.66±0.14 b	4.29±0.09 b	5.50±1.10 a	4.22±0.15 b	6.53±0.39 a
	总计 Total	71.88±4.48 c	57.66±2.76 d	69.04±1.95 c	126.65±5.91 a	58.67±2.14 d	103.99±5.76 b
酯类 Esters	辛酸乙酯 Ethyl caprylate	—	—	1.65±0.13 a	0.86±0.10 c	1.05±0.02 c	1.26±0.17 b
	顺-3-己烯乙酸酯（Z）-3-hexenyl acetate	0.83±0.00 a	—	—	—	—	—
	总计 Total	0.83±0.00 d	—	1.65±0.13 a	0.86±0.10 cd	1.05±0.02 c	1.26±0.17 b
芳香族 Aromatic	苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	1.68±0.08 c	2.56±0.10 b	2.85±0.06 b	2.82±0.21 b	1.85±0.06 c	4.76±0.20 a
	苯乙醇 Phenylethyl alcohol	1.98±0.02 c	2.78±0.14 ab	2.40±0.16 ab	3.25±0.14 b	2.53±0.14 ab	4.90±1.03 a
	苯甲醛 Phenylethyl alcohol	1.17±0.06 d	1.34±0.13 d	2.30±0.24 c	3.09±0.06 b	1.40±0.09 d	6.70±0.21 a
	总计 Total	4.82±0.16 e	6.68±0.37 cd	7.55±0.46 c	9.16±0.41 b	5.78±0.29 de	16.36±1.44 a
萜烯类 Terpenes	柠檬烯 Limonene	7.66±0.60 a	4.70±0.38 b	3.69±0.11 c	3.72±0.11 c	3.41±0.04 c	3.35±0.19 c
其他 Others	2， 6-二叔丁基对甲酚 Butylated hydroxytoluene	68.43±3.06 d	107.21±4.65 b	107.12±2.14 b	95.31±0.41 c	131.78±3.14 a	101.83±3.96 bc
	1， 3， 5-三甲苯 Mesitylene	1.42±0.21 b	1.32±0.13 b	1.09±0.08 b	1.31±0.13 b	1.88±0.41 a	1.25±0.01 b
	总计 Total	69.85±3.27 d	108.53±4.78 b	108.21±2.22 b	96.62±0.54 c	133.66±3.55 a	103.08±3.97 b

CAS	序号 Number	化合物 Compound	阈值 Threshold /（μg·L^-1）	香气描述 Aroma description
928-96-1	A1	顺-3-己烯醇（Z）-3-hexenol	3.90	草本香 Grassy
928-95-0	A2	反-2-己烯醇（E）-2-hexenol	100.00	草本香、果香 Grassy， fruity
3391-86-4	A3	1-辛烯-3-醇 Oct-1-en-3-ol	1.00	草本香 Grassy
66-25-1	B1	己醛 Hexanal	4.50	草本香、果香 Grassy， fruity
6789-80-6	B2	顺-3-己烯醛（Z）-3-hexenal	0.25	草本香 Grassy
111-71-7	B3	庚醛 Heptanal	3.00	脂肪味、果香 Fatty， fruity
6728-26-3	B4	反-2-己烯醛（E）-2-hexenal	17.00	草本香、果香 Grassy， fruity
18829-55-5	B5	反-2-庚烯醛（E）-2-heptenal	4.60	草本香、脂肪味 Grassy， fatty
2548-87-0	B6	反-2-辛烯醛（E）-2-octenal	3.00	脂肪味、果香、坚果香 Fatty， fruity， nutty
18829-56-6	B7	反-2-壬烯醛（E）-2-nonenal	0.08	草本香 Grassy
557-48-2	B8	反-2，顺-6-壬二烯醛（2E，6Z）-nona-2，6-dienal	0.004 5	草本香、花香 Grassy， floral
1629-58-9	C1	1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one	0.90	化学香 Chemical
138-86-3	D1	柠檬烯 Limonene	10.00	花香、草本香、果香 Floral， grassy， fruity

超高压处理对赤霞珠葡萄挥发性物质的影响

Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing on Volatile Compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon

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[1]	孙宪印, 牟秋焕, 米勇, 吕广德, 亓晓蕾, 孙盈盈, 尹逊栋, 王瑞霞, 吴科, 钱兆国, 赵岩, 高明刚. 基于GT双标图对小麦新品系的分类评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(7): 14-24.
[2]	石玉涛, 谢惠珍, 郑淑琳, 羽观华, 王飞权, 李力, 张渤, 李远华, 罗盛财. 武夷山地方茶树种质生化特性和茶多糖清除超氧阴离子自由基活性分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(5): 65-76.
[3]	潘越, 王宝庆, 王季姣, 马勇, 李亚兰. 不同山葡萄品种CO₂响应模型拟合及评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(4): 58-66.
[4]	曹婷婷, 刘春, 范又维, 马力, 任志雨, 袁素霞, 张军云, 钱遵姚, 杨光炤. 不同氮素供应水平对微型盆栽月季生长发育的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(2): 67-79.
[5]	孟盼盼, 何海燕, 曹钰昕, 张丽欣, 吕清豪, 祁瑞林, 张红瑞. 5个栽培类型药菊分枝期抗旱性综合评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(2): 90-99.
[6]	李生梅, 庞博, 耿世伟, 宋武, 李红梅, 马茂森, 张茹, 王新燕, 高文伟. 棉花海陆回交群体盛铃期的光合特性及其生理基础[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(1): 40-51.
[7]	卢倩倩, 阿布都外力·阿不力米提, 侯毅兴, 李志慧, 王爽, 周龙. 复合盐碱胁迫下7个鲜食葡萄品种光合特性研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(7): 63-76.
[8]	王爽, 侯毅兴, 冯琳骄, 卢倩倩, 周龙. 干旱胁迫对鲜食葡萄叶片解剖结构的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 40-49.
[9]	贾毅男, 张光弟, 张浩宇, 许昌, 张昆明, 王江龙, 侯晓健. 根区施用硅肥对‘玫瑰香’葡萄果实品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(5): 215-223.
[10]	郑淑琳, 石玉涛, 王飞权, 吴邦强, 李远华, 张渤, 叶乃兴. 不同茶树种质资源花器矿质元素含量分析与综合评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(4): 178-188.
[11]	郭胜微, 边思文, 丁建文, 张晓辰, 杨兴, 杜锦, 向春阳. 糯玉米萌发期耐低温品种资源的综合评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(2): 38-47.
[12]	张月欣, 麻云霞, 马秀枝, 张金旺, 王月林, 俞海生. 大青山不同林龄榆树林的土壤酶和养分特征[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(12): 168-176.
[13]	贾毅男, 万仲武, 许昌, 张光弟, 王江龙, 张昆明, 侯小健, 包文毅, 王玉, 陈卫军. 露地栽培‘大青葡萄’架面不同位置果实品质指标分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(12): 44-57.
[14]	刘宇鹏, 陈芳, 古书鸿, 王芳. 贵州不同产地冬荪营养成分及品质评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(11): 143-153.
[15]	张会芳, 张建红, 刘海礁, 孙岩, 齐红志, 王楠, 段俊枝, 郭燕, 尹海燕. 近20年黄淮冬麦区南片小麦种质性状演变及其育种价值评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(11): 28-41.