关键词: 有机肥, 烤烟, 有机氮比例, 化学成分, 整合分析, 感官质量

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves， and explore the specific effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the content of main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves under different influencing factors， 169 domestic relevant papers were retrieved and integrated using ‘flue-cured tobacco’ ‘organic fertilizer’‘quality’ and ‘chemical composition’ as key words， and 631 sets of main data were extracted to establish a database. The log response ratio was selected as the effect size for the meta-analysis. The results showed that， compared with the single application of inorganic fertilizer， the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the reducing sugar content and sugar-nicotine ratio in tobacco leaves， and significantly reduced the nicotine content， with specific increases of 5.5%， 9.3% and -5.6%， respectively， and slightly improved the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco aroma quality， aroma content， aftertaste， offensive gases， irritation and fineness （4.5%， 5.2%， 2.5%， 1.5%， 1.8% and 3.4%）. The application of organic and inorganic fertilizer to the soil in the northern tobacco area had more obvious effects on increasing the reducing sugar content and sugar-nicotine ratio， reducing the nicotine content in flue-cured tobacco leaves （18.06%， 25.86%， -5.26%）. And the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had more obvious effect in poor soils， for example， when the available nitrogen content of soil was less than 100 mg·kg^-1， the effect of applying organic and inorganic fertilizer on increasing the reducing sugar content and sugar-nicotine ratio and reducing the nicotine content in flue-cured tobacco leaves was more obvious （6.82%， 14.11%， -9.43%）. When the planting density of flue-cured tobacco was 15 000~17 000 plants·hm^-2， the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had better effect on increasing the contents of reducing sugar， potassium ions and sugar-nicotine in tobacco leaves and reducing the content of nicotine （9.53%， 9.42%， 18.06%， -7.04%）. When the proportion of organic nitrogen was about 50%， the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer had the great effect on reducing nicotine content， increasing potassium ions， reducing sugar content and sugar-nicotine ratio in tobacco leaves （-8.80%，11.50%，8.90%，13.80%）. In summary， the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had a great influence on the reducing sugar， potassium ion， nicotine and sugar-nicotine ratio in flue-cured tobacco， and could coordinate the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco by affecting the content of chemical components in tobacco leaves. When the tobacco-growing area was in the northern， or when the soil effective nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium content was low， when the total amount of inorganic nitrogen input was more than 100 kg·hm^-2， or when the proportion of organic nitrogen fertilizer was about 50%， the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers was more conducive to the accumulation of potassium ions and reducing sugars in flue-cured tobacco leaves， the reduction of nicotine and the improvement of sugar-nicotine ratio. Therefore， before the flue-cured tobacco planting and fertilization， the appropriate application program of organic and inorganic fertilizer should be formulated according to the needs of chemical composition， comprehensive consideration of the environment， soil， fertilization and other factors， for achieving the purpose of production.

Key words: organic fertilizer, flue-cured tobacco, organic nitrogen ratio, chemical composition, meta-analysis, sensory quality