外源促生菌联合有机肥对干旱胁迫下参地土壤性状及人参抗逆性影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究干旱胁迫下外源促生菌结合有机肥对参地土壤性状和人参促生与抗逆的影响，利用盆栽试验外源接种Ochrobactrum G119，结合单独施用有机肥、单独施用促生菌、有机肥与促生菌混合施用及无菌无肥对照（CK），研究干旱胁迫下人参抗氧化酶活性和根际土壤性状的响应趋势。结果表明，与对照、促生菌或有机肥单独施用处理相比，促生菌结合有机肥混合施用处理人参的抗氧化酶活性和根际土壤的碱解氮、速效磷含量及脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均显著提高；且该处理改变了人参根际土壤优势菌门和菌属的组成和比例，其主要优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）；主要优势菌属为鞘脂单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、溶杆菌属（Lysobacter）、盐单胞菌属（Halomonas）和叶黄素单胞菌（Luteimonas），其中溶杆菌属的相对丰度在施用有机肥处理与无菌无肥对照处理间差异较大。以上结果为人参种植中应对春季干旱、研发农田栽参专用生物菌肥提供理论依据，对促进农田栽参产业可持续发展具有积极意义。

关键词: 人参, 干旱胁迫, 促生菌, 有机肥, 抗氧化酶, 土壤性状

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria （PGPR） with organic fertilizers on soil properties of ginseng and the growth-promoting and stress-resistant effects of ginseng under drought stress， exogenous inoculation of Ochrobactrum G119 was used in pot experiments， combined with organic fertilizer to compare the control group （CK）， organic fertilizer group and growth-promoting bacteria application group to study the response trend of ginseng antioxidant enzyme activities and rhizosphere soil properties under drought stress. The results showed that， compared with CK， the growth-promoting bacteria or the organic fertilizer alone， the treatment with the growth-promoting bacteria combined organic fertilizerthe increased activities of ginseng antioxidant enzyme， urease and sucrase in soil， and the contents of rhizosphere soil ammonium nitrogen， available phosphorus. The addition of exogenous growth-promoting bacteria and organic fertilizers changed the composition and proportion of dominant bacterial in ginseng soil. Proteobacteria， Bacteroidetes， Acidobacteria， Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the main dominant bacterial phylas， and Sphingomonas， Pseudomonas， Lysobacter， Halomonas and Luteimonas werethe main dominant bacterial generas. Among them， the relative abundance of genus Lysobacter was significantly different between organic fertilizer treatment and control treatment. These above results provided basis for the development of special biological bacterial fertilizers for ginseng planting in response to spring drought， and had positive significance for promoting the sustainable development of farmland ginseng planting industry.

Key words: ginseng, drought stress, growth-promoting bacteria, organic fertilizer, antioxidant enzymes, soil properties

中图分类号:

S144.9

王艳成, 张纪月, 冯帅奇, 梁雪, 张振, 董微巍, 姬文秀. 外源促生菌联合有机肥对干旱胁迫下参地土壤性状及人参抗逆性影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(8): 196-202.

Yancheng WANG, Jiyue ZHANG, Shuaiqi FENG, Xue LIANG, Zhen ZHANG, Weiwei DONG, Wenxiu JI. Effects of Exogenous PGPR Combined with Organic Fertilizers on Soil Properties and Stress Resistance of Ginseng Under Drought Stress[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(8): 196-202.

图/表 5

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处理Treatment	土壤含水率SWC/%	pH	电导率 EC/（μS·cm^-1）	碱解氮 AN/（mg·kg^-1）	速效磷 Available phosphorus/（mg·kg^-1）	速效钾 Available potassium/（mg·kg^-1）
CK	17.56±0.98 c	5.15±0.06 c	164.20±15.21 c	21.06±1.05 d	35.84±2.00 d	62.80±2.14 d
F	32.32±1.82 b	5.58±0.05 b	140.30±17.02 d	31.84±2.00 b	90.56±4.23 b	67.30±4.37 c
J	17.00±1.85 d	5.00±0.07 d	486.00±21.30 b	23.20±0.67 c	40.42±3.02 c	72.00±3.90 b
J+F	35.82±2.00 a	5.70±0.06 a	546.00±29.30 a	32.78±1.94 a	91.20±3.76 a	79.80±3.19 a

处理Treatment	土壤含水率SWC/%	pH	电导率 EC/（μS·cm^-1）	碱解氮 AN/（mg·kg^-1）	速效磷 Available phosphorus/（mg·kg^-1）	速效钾 Available potassium/（mg·kg^-1）
CK	17.56±0.98 c	5.15±0.06 c	164.20±15.21 c	21.06±1.05 d	35.84±2.00 d	62.80±2.14 d
F	32.32±1.82 b	5.58±0.05 b	140.30±17.02 d	31.84±2.00 b	90.56±4.23 b	67.30±4.37 c
J	17.00±1.85 d	5.00±0.07 d	486.00±21.30 b	23.20±0.67 c	40.42±3.02 c	72.00±3.90 b
J+F	35.82±2.00 a	5.70±0.06 a	546.00±29.30 a	32.78±1.94 a	91.20±3.76 a	79.80±3.19 a

处理 Treatment	脲酶 Urease/（mg·g^-1·d^-1）	蔗糖酶 Sucrase/（mg·g^-1·d^-1）
CK	5.11±0.21 d	42.43±2.52 d
F	5.76±0.38 c	59.05±2.45 b
J	8.38±0.34 b	49.37±3.47 c
J+F	12.57±1.06 a	66.79±5.34 a

处理 Treatment	脲酶 Urease/（mg·g^-1·d^-1）	蔗糖酶 Sucrase/（mg·g^-1·d^-1）
CK	5.11±0.21 d	42.43±2.52 d
F	5.76±0.38 c	59.05±2.45 b
J	8.38±0.34 b	49.37±3.47 c
J+F	12.57±1.06 a	66.79±5.34 a

处理 Treatment	过氧化物酶 POD/（U·g^-1·min^-1）	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/（U·g^-1·min^-1）	过氧化氢酶 CAT/（U·g^-1·min^-1）	丙二醛 MDA/（nmol·g^-1）
CK	14.10±0.50 c	183.05±9.15 d	17.50±0.88 d	50.01±0.45 a
F	15.09±1.75 c	185.26±10.00 c	35.25±1.96 b	28.05±0.54 b
J	21.00±1.45 b	226.67±15.33 b	27.50±1.38 c	18.15±0.14 c
J+F	25.00±2.25 a	232.89±9.64 a	39.50±1.98 a	15.40±0.23 d