安徽省稻米品质综合评价方法研究

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0538

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为定量化评价稻米品质综合性状，利用安徽省2008—2021年中籼和中粳水稻区域性试验稻米品质资料，根据食用稻品种品质行业标准，以整精米率、垩白度、透明度、碱消值、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量作为稻米品质评价指标，采用分级赋值、线性加权求和等方法以及计算机数值模拟技术，确定中籼和中粳稻米品质各项评价指标权重系数，并构建稻米品质指数（ rice quality index，I_RQ，中籼和中粳稻米品质指数分别用I_RQ1和I_RQ2表示）以及中籼和中粳稻米品质综合评价方法。结果表明，中籼稻米品质评价指标中整精米率、垩白度、透明度、碱消值、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量权重系数分别为0.20、0.26、0.06、0.22、0.10、0.16，中粳稻米中分别为0.23、0.28、0.10、0.08、0.15、0.16，其中垩白度是影响中籼和中粳稻米品质的主要因素。中籼优质稻米一至三等和普通稻米对应的稻米品质指数阈值分别为：I_RQ1≥3.94、3.94> I_RQ1≥3.47、3.47> I_RQ1≥3.17、I_RQ1<3.17，中粳优质稻米一至三等和普通稻米对应的品质指数阈值分别为：I_RQ2≥3.82、3.82> I_RQ2≥3.33、3.33> I_RQ2≥3.04、I_RQ2<3.04。经验证，构建的中籼和中粳稻米品质综合评价方法对于安徽省多品种样本检验的准确率分别为81.4%和80.0%，单品种样本检验的准确率分别为85.7%和92.9%；对于其他部分省份多品种样本检验的准确率均在80%以上，该方法可用于不同区域中籼和中粳稻米综合品质的定量化评价。

关键词: 水稻, 中籼, 中粳, 稻米品质, 评价方法

Abstract:

In order to quantitatively evaluate the comprehensive characteristics of rice quality， the head yield， chalkiness， transparency， alkali spreading value，gel consistency，and amylose content were utilized as the indicators for rice quality evaluation， according to the industry standards of cooking rice variety quality， based on the quality data gathered from regional trials for mid-season indica rice and mid-season japonica rice in Anhui province from 2008 to 2021. The methods of classification assignment and linear weighted summation as well as computer numerical simulations were employed to clarify weight coefficients for each evaluation index of rice quality and construst the rice quality index （I_RQ）for mid-season indica rice （I_RQ1） and mid-season japonica rice （I_RQ2）， and eventually determined the comprehensive rice quality evaluation method for mid-season indica rice and mid-season japonica rice. The results showed that the weight coefficients of the quality evaluation index for mid-season indica rice were 0.20 for head yield， 0.26 for chalkiness， 0.06 for transparency， 0.22 for alkali spreading value， 0.10 for gel consistency， and 0.16 for amylose content. In contrast，the weight coefficients mid-season japonica rice were 0.23， 0.28， 0.10， 0.08， 0.15， 0.16， respectively， among which chalkiness was the main factor affecting the quality of mid-season rice. For mid-season indica rice， the thresholds for rice quality index corresponded to the first， second， and third-grade high-quality rice as well as ordinary rice were： I_RQ1≥3.94， 3.94> I_RQ1≥3.47， 3.47> I_RQ1≥3.17 and I_RQ1<3.17. Whereas for mid-season japonica rice the thresholds for the quality index corresponded to the first， second， and third-grade high-quality rice as well as ordinary rice were： I_RQ2≥3.82， 3.82> I_RQ2≥3.33， 3.33> I_RQ2≥3.04 and I_RQ2<3.04. After conducting a thorough verification， this comprehensive evaluation method for mid-season Indica and Japonica rice quality yielded an average accuracy of 81.4% and 80.0% for multi variety sample testing in Anhui province. Furthermore，accuracy were 85.7% and 92.9% for a single variety of rice. For multi-variety sample testing in other provinces， accuracy rates consistently exceeded 80% which proved that this method could be used for quantitative evaluation of the comprehensive quality of mid-season indica and japonica rice in diferent areas.

Key words: rice, mid-season indica rice, mid-season japonica rice, rice quality, evaluation method

中图分类号:

S511.2

岳伟, 王晖, 陈曦, 占新春, 阮新民. 安徽省稻米品质综合评价方法研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(6): 141-147.

Wei YUE, Hui WANG, Xi CHEN, Xinchun ZHAN, Xinmin RUAN. Study on Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Rice Quality in Anhui Province[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(6): 141-147.

图/表 4

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品种 Variety	指标 Index		等级 Grade
品种 Variety	指标 Index		1级 First-class	2级 Second-class	3级 Third-class	4级 Fourth-class
中籼稻米 Mid-season indica rice	整精米率 Head rice yield/%	长粒 Long grain	≥56.0	≥52.0	≥48.0	<48.0
		中粒 Medium grain	≥58.0	≥54.0	≥50.0	<50.0
		短粒 Short grain	≥60.0	≥56.0	≥52.0	<52.0
	垩白度 Chalkiness degree/%		≤1	≤3	≤5	>5
	透明度/级 Transparency/class		1	2	2	>2
	碱消值/级Alkali spreading value/class		≥6.0	≥6.0	≥5.0	<5.0
	胶稠度 Gel consistency/mm		≥60	≥60	≥50	<50
	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%		13.0~18.0	18.1~20.0	20.1~22.0	<13.0 or >22.0
	赋值Assignment		4	3	2	1
中粳稻米 Mid-season japonica rice	整精米率 Head rice yield/%		≥69.0	≥66.0	≥63.0	<63.0
	垩白度 Chalkiness degree/%		≤1	≤3	≤5	>5
	透明度/级 Transparency/class		1	2	2	>2
	碱消值/级 Alkali spreading value/class		≥7.0	≥7.0	≥6.0	<6.0
	胶稠度 Gel consistency/mm		≥70	≥70	≥60	<60
	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%		13.0~18.0	18.1~19.0	19.1~20.0	<13.0 or >20.0
	赋值Assignment		4	3	2	1

品种 Variety	指标 Index		等级 Grade
品种 Variety	指标 Index		1级 First-class	2级 Second-class	3级 Third-class	4级 Fourth-class
中籼稻米 Mid-season indica rice	整精米率 Head rice yield/%	长粒 Long grain	≥56.0	≥52.0	≥48.0	<48.0
		中粒 Medium grain	≥58.0	≥54.0	≥50.0	<50.0
		短粒 Short grain	≥60.0	≥56.0	≥52.0	<52.0
	垩白度 Chalkiness degree/%		≤1	≤3	≤5	>5
	透明度/级 Transparency/class		1	2	2	>2
	碱消值/级Alkali spreading value/class		≥6.0	≥6.0	≥5.0	<5.0
	胶稠度 Gel consistency/mm		≥60	≥60	≥50	<50
	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%		13.0~18.0	18.1~20.0	20.1~22.0	<13.0 or >22.0
	赋值Assignment		4	3	2	1
中粳稻米 Mid-season japonica rice	整精米率 Head rice yield/%		≥69.0	≥66.0	≥63.0	<63.0
	垩白度 Chalkiness degree/%		≤1	≤3	≤5	>5
	透明度/级 Transparency/class		1	2	2	>2
	碱消值/级 Alkali spreading value/class		≥7.0	≥7.0	≥6.0	<6.0
	胶稠度 Gel consistency/mm		≥70	≥70	≥60	<60
	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%		13.0~18.0	18.1~19.0	19.1~20.0	<13.0 or >20.0
	赋值Assignment		4	3	2	1

品种 Variety	实际等级 Actual level	样本数 Number of samples	模拟结果 Simulation result
品种 Variety	实际等级 Actual level	样本数 Number of samples	1级 First-class	2级 Second-class	3级 Third-class	4级 Fourth-class
中籼稻米 Mid-season indica rice	1级 First-class	8	8	0	0	0
	2级 Second-class	31	1	25	5	0
	3级 Third-class	27	0	4	21	2
	4级 Fourth-class	74	0	0	14	60
中粳稻米 Mid-season japonica rice	1级 First-class	3	3	0	0	0
	2级 Second-class	14	0	12	2	0
	3级 Third-class	12	0	1	9	2
	4级 Fourth-class	41	0	2	7	32

品种 Variety	实际等级 Actual level	样本数 Number of samples	模拟结果 Simulation result
品种 Variety	实际等级 Actual level	样本数 Number of samples	1级 First-class	2级 Second-class	3级 Third-class	4级 Fourth-class
中籼稻米 Mid-season indica rice	1级 First-class	8	8	0	0	0
	2级 Second-class	31	1	25	5	0
	3级 Third-class	27	0	4	21	2
	4级 Fourth-class	74	0	0	14	60
中粳稻米 Mid-season japonica rice	1级 First-class	3	3	0	0	0
	2级 Second-class	14	0	12	2	0
	3级 Third-class	12	0	1	9	2
	4级 Fourth-class	41	0	2	7	32

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