60份螺丝椒种质资源农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0867

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为进一步开展螺丝椒种质改良及新品种选育，选用山西农业大学园艺学院辣椒团队经多年自交纯合后的60份螺丝椒种质资源为材料，对其11个农艺性状进行调查并开展遗传多样性、相关性、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明，60份螺丝椒材料在11个农艺性状上均存在不同程度的变异，变异系数为10.52%~58.07%，平均32.04%；其中单株果数变异系数最大，为58.07%；果实纵径变异系数最小，为10.52%。相关性分析表明，株高与株幅、果实横径与果肉厚和单果重、单果重与心室数和果肉厚间表现为极显著正相关；果实横径与心室数间表现为显著正相关；果实纵径与心室数及单株果数与果肉厚、果实横径、单果重间表现为极显著负相关；单株果数与心室数间表现为显著负相关。基于11个农艺性状进行主成分分析，提取到4个主成分，累计贡献率为70.628%；聚类分析在欧式距离为5处将60份种质资源分为5类。以上结果为种质资源材料的利用及培育适合市场需求的螺丝椒品种提供依据。

关键词: 螺丝椒, 遗传多样性, 种质资源, 农艺性状

Abstract:

In order to further improve germplasm and breed new screw pepper， 60 screw pepper germplasm materials through many years of selfing and homozygosity by the pepper team of Horticulture of College， Shanxi Agricultural University were as materials. The main agronomic traits were investigated and then the hereditary diversity， correlation analyais， principal component analysis （PCA） and clustering analysis were conducted. The results showed that the 11 agronomic traits had different degrees of variation， the coefficient of variation varied from 10.52% to 58.07%， with an average of 32.04%. The coefficient of variation of the fruit number per plant was the highest （58.07%）， and the coefficient of variation of the longitudinal diameter of fruit was the lowest （10.52%）. The correlation analysis showed that there were extremely significant positive correlations between plant height and plant span， between transverse diameter of fruit and pulp thickness， weight per fruit， between weight per fruit and ventricular number， pulp thickness， and there were significant positive correlations between transverse diameter of fruit and ventricular number. There were extremely significant negative correlations between longitudinal diameter of fruit and ventricular number， between fruits number per plant and pulp thickness， transverse diameter of fruit， weight per fruit， and there were significant negative correlations between fruits number per plant and ventricular number. Based on 11 agronomic traits， the principal component analysis got 4 principal components whose cumulative contribution rate was 70.628%； the cluster analysis divided 60 germplasms into 5 categories by Euclidean distance 5. Above results provided a basis for the utilization of germplasm resources and the breeding of screw pepper varieties suitable for market demand.

Key words: screw pepper, genetic diversity, germplasm resource, agronomic traits

中图分类号:

S641.3

孔子雯, 田如霞, 苗如意, 梁燕平. 60份螺丝椒种质资源农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(3): 40-47.

Ziwen KONG, Ruxia TIAN, Ruyi MIAO, Yanping LIANG. Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Genetic Diversity of 60 Screw Pepper Germplasm Resources[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(3): 40-47.

图/表 6

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材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source
1	山西 Shanxi	13	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	25	山西 Shanxi	37	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	49	甘肃Gansu
2	山东Shandong	14	甘肃 Gansu	26	山东 Shandong	38	山东 Shandong	50	山西Shanxi
3	山东Shandong	15	甘肃 Gansu	27	四川 Sichuan	39	甘肃 Gansu	51	广东 Guangdong
4	山西 Shanxi	16	山西 Shanxi	28	山西 Shanxi	40	山西 Shanxi	52	山西Shanxi
5	山西 Shanxi	17	河南 Henan	29	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	41	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	53	河南Henan
6	山西 Shanxi	18	四川 Sichuan	30	山西 Shanxi	42	河南 Henan	54	山西Shanxi
7	广东Guangdong	19	河南 Henan	31	山西 Shanxi	43	山东 Shandong	55	山西Shanxi
8	山西 Shanxi	20	甘肃 Gansu	32	山西 Shanxi	44	甘肃 Gansu	56	山西Shanxi
9	山西 Shanxi	21	云南 Yunnan	33	山西 Shanxi	45	山东 Shandong	57	甘肃Gansu
10	河南 Henan	22	河南 Henan	34	山西 Shanxi	46	山东 Shandong	58	山西Shanxi
11	山东Shandong	23	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	35	北京 Beijing	47	山西 Shanxi	59	河南Henan
12	山西 Shanxi	24	北京 Beijing	36	陕西 Shaanxi	48	山东 Shandong	60	山西Shanxi

材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source	材料编号 Material Code	原始来源 Original source
1	山西 Shanxi	13	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	25	山西 Shanxi	37	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	49	甘肃Gansu
2	山东Shandong	14	甘肃 Gansu	26	山东 Shandong	38	山东 Shandong	50	山西Shanxi
3	山东Shandong	15	甘肃 Gansu	27	四川 Sichuan	39	甘肃 Gansu	51	广东 Guangdong
4	山西 Shanxi	16	山西 Shanxi	28	山西 Shanxi	40	山西 Shanxi	52	山西Shanxi
5	山西 Shanxi	17	河南 Henan	29	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	41	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	53	河南Henan
6	山西 Shanxi	18	四川 Sichuan	30	山西 Shanxi	42	河南 Henan	54	山西Shanxi
7	广东Guangdong	19	河南 Henan	31	山西 Shanxi	43	山东 Shandong	55	山西Shanxi
8	山西 Shanxi	20	甘肃 Gansu	32	山西 Shanxi	44	甘肃 Gansu	56	山西Shanxi
9	山西 Shanxi	21	云南 Yunnan	33	山西 Shanxi	45	山东 Shandong	57	甘肃Gansu
10	河南 Henan	22	河南 Henan	34	山西 Shanxi	46	山东 Shandong	58	山西Shanxi
11	山东Shandong	23	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	35	北京 Beijing	47	山西 Shanxi	59	河南Henan
12	山西 Shanxi	24	北京 Beijing	36	陕西 Shaanxi	48	山东 Shandong	60	山西Shanxi

性状 Trait	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
株高 Plant height/cm	130.00	45.00	85.00	74.83	21.17	28.29	1.85
株幅 Plant span/cm	80.00	30.00	50.00	44.75	8.73	19.51	1.48
果实纵径 Longitudinal diameter of fruit/cm	32.00	19.90	12.10	25.44	2.68	10.52	2.04
果实横径 Transverse diameter of fruit/cm	7.50	1.30	6.20	3.79	1.21	32.39	1.91
果肉厚 Pulp thickness/cm	0.50	0.10	0.40	0.27	0.07	27.63	1.04
单株果数 Fruits number per plant	43.00	2.00	41.00	14.83	8.61	58.07	1.83
单果重 Weight per fruit/g	181.50	14.43	167.07	70.31	33.67	47.89	1.90

性状 Trait	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	变幅 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
株高 Plant height/cm	130.00	45.00	85.00	74.83	21.17	28.29	1.85
株幅 Plant span/cm	80.00	30.00	50.00	44.75	8.73	19.51	1.48
果实纵径 Longitudinal diameter of fruit/cm	32.00	19.90	12.10	25.44	2.68	10.52	2.04
果实横径 Transverse diameter of fruit/cm	7.50	1.30	6.20	3.79	1.21	32.39	1.91
果肉厚 Pulp thickness/cm	0.50	0.10	0.40	0.27	0.07	27.63	1.04
单株果数 Fruits number per plant	43.00	2.00	41.00	14.83	8.61	58.07	1.83
单果重 Weight per fruit/g	181.50	14.43	167.07	70.31	33.67	47.89	1.90

性状 Trait	级别 Level	数量 Number	占比 Proportion/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
辣味Spicy taste	不辣Not hot	20	33.33	1.10
	微辣Slight hot	22	36.67
	辣Hot	18	30.00
老熟果色 Old ripe fruit colour	橘红Reddish orange	14	23.33	1.04
	鲜红Bright red	30	50.00
	暗红Dark red	16	26.67
心室数 Ventricular number	2	29	48.33	0.90
	3	27	45.00
	4	4	6.67
青熟果色 Green ripe fruit colour	浅绿Light green	13	21.67	0.79
	绿Green	42	70.00
	深绿Dark green	5	8.33