基于离散元法的外槽轮排肥器排肥性能研究

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0350

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高播种机变量施肥的排肥性能，基于离散元法对外槽轮排肥器的排肥性能进行研究。首先，通过肥料标定试验确定离散元物料仿真参数；然后，基于Isight软件的优化模块设计试验，以外槽轮的工作长度、转速为因素，以排肥均匀性变异系数为响应设计试验，得到排肥器排肥均匀性变异系数的二阶回归方程，根据所得回归方程分析在特定肥量范围内，外槽轮的工作长度及转速组合对施肥稳定性的影响。针对300 kg·hm^-2的施肥量，以外槽轮流量方程为约束条件进行寻优求解，得到外槽轮排肥器排肥参数的最佳组合为槽轮工作长度60 mm，转速30 r·min^-1。采用最佳排肥参数组合进行排肥仿真试验，得到排肥均匀性变异系数为11.7%，符合施肥要求。研究结果为2BMJ系列免耕精量播种机排肥器工作中的参数调配提供参考。

关键词: 播种机, 外槽轮排肥器, 离散元, 优化设计, 均匀性变异系数

Abstract:

In order to improve the fertilization discharge performance of variable fertilization of seeder， the fertilizer discharge performance of external groove wheel fertilizer applicator was studied based on discrete element method. Firstly， the discrete element material simulation parameters were determined through fertilizer calibration test. Then， based on the optimization module design experiment of Isight software， with the working length and rotational speed of the outer groove wheel as factors and the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity as the response design experiment， the second-order regression equation of the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity of the fertilizer discharger was obtained. Based on the obtained regression equation， the influence of the working length and rotational speed combination of the outer groove wheel on fertilization stability within a specific fertilizer amount range was analyzed. For fertilizer application rate of 300 kg·hm^-2， the external groove wheel flow equation was used as a constraint to optimize the solution. The optimal combination of fertilizer discharge parameters for the external groove wheel fertilizer applicator was groove wheel working length of 60 mm and rotation speed of 30 r·min^-1. The optimal fertilization parameter combination was used for fertilization simulation experiments， and the coefficient of variation of fertilization uniformity was 11.7%， which met the fertilization requirements. Above results provided a reference for parameter allocation in the operation of the 2BMJ series no-tillage precision seeder.

Key words: seeder, external groove wheel fertilizer applicator, discrete element, optimal design, coefficient of variation for uniformity

中图分类号:

S223.2

杨大芳, 李飞翔, 葛越锋, 李奕辰. 基于离散元法的外槽轮排肥器排肥性能研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(12): 88-97.

Dafang YANG, Feixiang LI, Yuefeng GE, Yichen LI. Study on Fertilizer Discharge Performance of External Groove Wheel Fertilizer Applicator Based on Discrete Element Method[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(12): 88-97.

图/表 15

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参数 Parameter	低水平 Low level（-1）	中间水平 Intermediate level（0）	高水平 High level（1）
A：复合肥-复合肥恢复系数 Compound fertilizer-compound fertilizer recovery coefficient	0.20	0.300	0.40
B：复合肥-复合肥静摩擦系数 Static friction coefficient of compound fertilizer - compound fertilizer	0.20	0.300	0.40
C：复合肥-复合肥滚动摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-compound fertilizer rolling friction coefficient	0.05	0.075	0.10
D：复合肥-塑料恢复系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic recovery coefficient	0.30	0.450	0.60
E：复合肥-塑料静摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic static friction coefficient	0.20	0.300	0.40
F：复合肥-塑料滚动摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic rolling friction coefficient	0.05	0.075	0.10

参数 Parameter	低水平 Low level（-1）	中间水平 Intermediate level（0）	高水平 High level（1）
A：复合肥-复合肥恢复系数 Compound fertilizer-compound fertilizer recovery coefficient	0.20	0.300	0.40
B：复合肥-复合肥静摩擦系数 Static friction coefficient of compound fertilizer - compound fertilizer	0.20	0.300	0.40
C：复合肥-复合肥滚动摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-compound fertilizer rolling friction coefficient	0.05	0.075	0.10
D：复合肥-塑料恢复系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic recovery coefficient	0.30	0.450	0.60
E：复合肥-塑料静摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic static friction coefficient	0.20	0.300	0.40
F：复合肥-塑料滚动摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic rolling friction coefficient	0.05	0.075	0.10

水平 Level	n：转速 Rotate speed/ （r·min^-1）	L：工作长度 Working length/mm
1.414	73.28	68.28
1	65.00	60.00
0	45.00	40.00
-1	25.00	20.00
-1.414	16.72	11.72

水平 Level	n：转速 Rotate speed/ （r·min^-1）	L：工作长度 Working length/mm
1.414	73.28	68.28
1	65.00	60.00
0	45.00	40.00
-1	25.00	20.00
-1.414	16.72	11.72

参数 Parameter	效应 Effect	均方和 Sum of squares	影响率 Contribution rate/%	显著性排序 Ranking of significance
A：复合肥-复合肥恢复系数 Compound fertilizer-compound fertilizer recovery coefficient	1.49	6.65	1.77	6
B：复合肥-复合肥静摩擦系数 Static friction coefficient of compound fertilizer - compound fertilize	7.97	190.43	50.68	1
C：复合肥-复合肥滚动摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-compound fertilizer rolling friction coefficient	4.66	65.01	17.29	2
D：复合肥-塑料恢复系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic recovery coefficient	-1.67	8.42	2.23	5
E：复合肥-塑料静摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic static friction coefficient	3.11	28.86	6.68	4
F：复合肥-塑料滚动摩擦系数 Compound fertilizer-plastic rolling friction coefficient	3.88	45.36	12.07	3