1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0107

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 206-214.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0107

1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化

程珍¹(), 牛建龙¹^,²(), 马玉婷¹(), 柳维扬¹^,², 蒋学玮³, 梁雪齐¹^,², 董红强¹^,²

^1.塔里木大学农学院，新疆阿拉尔 843300
^2.塔里木大学农学院，南疆干旱区特色作物遗传改良与高效生产兵团重点实验室，新疆阿拉尔 843300
^3.塔里木大学园艺与林学学院，新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2023-02-17 接受日期:2023-06-19 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-18
通讯作者: 牛建龙,马玉婷
作者简介:程珍E-mail：1550659641@qq.com
基金资助:
棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室项目(CB2021A29);新疆生产建设兵团财政科技计划项目(2021DB015);新疆生产建设兵团科技创新人才计划项目(2022CB001-07)

Dynamic Changes of Cotton Phenological Stages in Alar Reclamation Area of Southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020

Zhen CHENG¹(), Jianlong NIU¹^,²(), Yuting MA¹(), weiyang LIU¹^,², Xuewei JIANG³, Xueqi LIANG¹^,², Hongqiang DONG¹^,²

^1.College of Agronomy，Tarim University，Xinjiang Alar 843300，China
^2.Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Efficient Production for Specialty Crops in Arid Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Corps，College of Agronomy，Tarim University，Xinjiang Alar 843300，China
^3.College of Horticulture and Forestry，Tarim University，Xinjiang Alar 843300，China

Received:2023-02-17 Accepted:2023-06-19 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-18
Contact: Jianlong NIU,Yuting MA

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

物候是气候变化的感应器，能客观反映气候变化对棉花生长周期的影响。为探究气候暖湿化背景下南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化，选取1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期数据，运用距平、累积距平、Mann-Kendall非参数检验和滑动t检验等统计学方法，分析南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期动态变化及其突变情况。结果表明，1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花平均播种期、出苗期、现蕾期、开花期、吐絮期和停止生长期分别出现在4月14日、4月29日、6月3日、7月2日、9月17日和10月20日，极差分别为25、23、20、22、44和24 d。1990—2020年垦区棉花播种期和出苗期均呈现极显著提前趋势，表现为“显著提前-稍微提前”的过程变化；开花期和停止生长期均呈现显著提前趋势，表现为“显著提前-稍微提前”的过程变化；吐絮期提前和现蕾期延迟均不显著。1990—2020年垦区棉花现蕾期、开花期和吐絮期阶段性变化特征明显，主要表现在现蕾期的阶段性推迟、吐絮期的阶段性提前、开花期的阶段性推迟与提前上，棉花播种期、出苗期和停止生长期阶段性变化特征不明显。研究结果为更好地评估气候暖湿化背景下垦区棉花生长和科学管理棉田提供理论依据。

关键词: 物候期, 棉花, 动态变化, 阶段性, 南疆阿拉尔垦区

Abstract:

Phenology is the sensor of climate change， which can objectively reflect the impact of climate change on cotton growth cycle. In order to explore the dynamic changes of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang under the background of climate warming and humidification， the cotton phenological stages data were selected and the statistical methods such as anomaly， cumulative anomaly， Mann-Kendall nonparametric test and sliding t test were used to analyze the dynamic changes and abrupt changes of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020 .The results showed that the average cotton sowing stage， seedling stage， squaring stage， flowering stage， boll opening stage and stopping growth stage appeared on April 14， April 29， June 3， July 2， September 17 and October 20， respectively， which the range were 25， 23， 20， 22， 44 and 24 d， respectively， in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020. The cotton sowing stage and seedling stage showed a very significant advance trendy with “significantly advanced-slightly advanced” process change. The flowering stage and stoping growth stage showed a significant advance trendy with“significantly advanced-slightly advanced” process change. And the advanced of the boll opening stage and the delayed of the squaring stage showed no significant changes. The characteristics of cotton squaring stage， flowering stage and boll opening stage were obvious which mainly delayed of squaring stage， advanced of boll opening stage， the delayed and advanced of flowering stage in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020. And the characteristics of stage changes in sowing stage， seedling stage and stoping growth stage of cotton were not obvious in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020. The results could provide theoretical basis for better evaluation of cotton growth and scientific management of cotton field in reclamation area under the background of warming and humid climate.

Key words: phenological stages, cotton, dynamic change, phased, Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang

中图分类号:

S562

程珍, 牛建龙, 马玉婷, 柳维扬, 蒋学玮, 梁雪齐, 董红强. 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(10): 206-214.

Zhen CHENG, Jianlong NIU, Yuting MA, weiyang LIU, Xuewei JIANG, Xueqi LIANG, Hongqiang DONG. Dynamic Changes of Cotton Phenological Stages in Alar Reclamation Area of Southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(10): 206-214.

图/表 6

表1 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期年内分布 (m/d)

Table 1 Annual distribution of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020

特征值

Eigenvalue

播种期

Sowing date

出苗期

Seedling stage

现蕾期

Squaring stage

开花期

Flowering stage

吐絮期

Boll opening stage

停止生长期

Stoping growth stage

表2 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期年际动态变化 (d·a-1)

Table 2 Interannual dynamic change of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020

年份 Year	播种期 Sowing stage	出苗期 Seedling stage	现蕾期 Squaring stage	开花期 Flowering stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage	停止生长期 Stoping growth stage
1990—2000	0.109	0.115	1.442	1.109	-0.012^*	-0.230
2001—2010	-0.139	0.109	0.272	0.006	-0.236	0.048
2011—2020	-0.963^**	-0.809^**	-0.236	-0.700	-1.663	-0.591
1990—2020	-0.279^**	-0.231^**	0.003	-0.025^*	-0.408	-0.043^*

图1 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期距平和累积距平过程变化曲线

Fig.1 Cotton phenological stages anomaly and cumulative anomaly process curve of cotton in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020

图2 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期Mann-Kendall检验统计曲线注：○表示Mann-Kendall检验和滑动T检验突变结果年份一致。

Fig.2 Mann-Kendall test curves of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020Note： ○ indicates that the mutation results of Mann-Kendall test and sliding T test are consistent in the year.

图3 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期滑动t检验统计曲线注：○表示Mann-Kendall检验和滑动t检验突变结果年份一致。

Fig.3 Sliding t test statistical curves of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area of southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020Note： ○ indicates that the mutation results of Mann-Kendall test and sliding t test are consistent in the year.

图4 1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期阶段性变化趋势A：现蕾期；B：开花期；C：吐絮期

Fig. 4 Trend of cotton phenological stages in Alar reclamation area in southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020A：Squaring stage； B：Flowering stage； C：Boll opening stage

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1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化

Dynamic Changes of Cotton Phenological Stages in Alar Reclamation Area of Southern Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020

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