氟节胺与杀菌剂复配防治棉花枯萎病的增效药剂筛选

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0884

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为筛选有效防治棉花枯萎病的氟节胺与杀菌剂组合，并明确最佳药剂配比，以棉花枯萎病致病菌尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）为研究对象，采用菌丝生长速率法测定杀菌剂的毒力，采用Wadley的增效比率法评价复配剂的增效作用，通过室内盆栽试验验证其对棉花枯萎病的防治效果。结果显示，咯菌腈、嘧菌酯、枯草芽孢杆菌和氟节胺的有效抑制中浓度（EC₅₀）分别为0.219、0.725、6.013、55.971 mg·L^-1。氟节胺与咯菌腈在复配比为10∶1时具有增效作用；氟节胺与枯草芽孢杆菌在复配比为10∶1、3∶1、1∶2和1∶3时均具有增效作用，其中复配比为1∶2时增幅最大；氟节胺与嘧菌酯复配无增效作用。室内盆栽试验结果表明，氟节胺与枯草芽孢杆菌按1∶2复配时棉花的病情指数最低，防治效果达77.11%，显著优于其他复配组合。综上所述，当棉花发生枯萎病时可使用氟节胺与枯草芽孢杆菌按1∶2复配进行防治。以上研究结果为防治棉花枯萎病提供了技术指导。

关键词: 棉花, 枯萎病, 药剂筛选, 氟节胺, 杀菌剂, 增效系数

Abstract:

In order to screen the combination of flutenide and fungicide for effective controling of cotton Fusarium wilt and determine the optimal ratio of agents， Fusarium oxysporum， the pathogen causing cotton wilt， was taken as the research object， the growth rate method was used to measure the indoor toxicity of fungicide， Wadley’s synergistic ratio method was used to evaluate the synergistic effect of the compounds， and the indoor pot experiment was conducted to verify the effect of the compounds on cotton Fusarium wilt. The results showed that the effective inhibitory medium concentration （EC₅₀） of flufluenil， pyrimethil， Bacillus subtilis and flutamide were 0.219， 0.725， 6.013 and 55.971 mg·L^-1， respectively. Compound of flufenamide and fluoxonitrile showed synergistic effect when the compound ratio was 10∶1. The compound of flutenediamine and Bacillus subtilis showed synergic effects when the compound ratio was 10∶1， 3∶1， 1∶2 and 1∶3， and the synergic effect was the highest when the ratio was 1∶2. While the compound of flutamide and pyrimethanil showed no synergistic effect. Pot experiments showed that the disease index was the lowest when flutenediamine was mixed with Bacillus subtilis with the ratio of 1∶2， and the control effect was 77.11%， which was significantly better than other combinations. In conclusion， the combination between flutamide and Bacillus subtilis with the ratio of 1∶2 could be used for preventing cotton Fusarium wilt. Above results provided technical guidance for prevention and control of cotton Fusarium wilt.

Key words: cotton, Fusarium wilt, screening, flumetralin, fungicide, synergistic coefficient

中图分类号:

S432.1

郑德有, 左东云, 王巧莲, 吕丽敏, 程海亮, 顾爱星, 宋国立. 氟节胺与杀菌剂复配防治棉花枯萎病的增效药剂筛选[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(1): 119-124.

Deyou ZHENG, Dongyun ZUO, Qiaolian WANG, Limin LYU, Hailiang CHENG, Aixing GU, Guoli SONG. Screening of Combination of Flumetralin and Fungicide to Control Cotton Fusarium wilt[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(1): 119-124.

图/表 5

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杀菌剂 Fungicide	毒力回归方程 Virulence regression equation	EC₅₀/（mg·L^-1）	决定系数R²
咯菌腈Fludioxonil	y=-0.527+0.800x	0.219 d	0.976 ^*
嘧菌酯Azoxystrobin	y=0.101+0.723x	0.725 c	0.903 ^*
枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis	y=-0.354+0.454x	6.013 b	0.975 ^*
氟节胺Flumetralin	y=-2.368+1.355x	55.971 a	0.934 ^*

杀菌剂 Fungicide	毒力回归方程 Virulence regression equation	EC₅₀/（mg·L^-1）	决定系数R²
咯菌腈Fludioxonil	y=-0.527+0.800x	0.219 d	0.976 ^*
嘧菌酯Azoxystrobin	y=0.101+0.723x	0.725 c	0.903 ^*
枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis	y=-0.354+0.454x	6.013 b	0.975 ^*
氟节胺Flumetralin	y=-2.368+1.355x	55.971 a	0.934 ^*

氟节胺∶咯菌腈 Flumetralin∶fludioxonil	毒力回归方程 Virulence regression equation	决定系数R²	EC₅₀/（mg·L^-1）	增效系数 Synergistic coefficient
10∶1	y=-0.077+1.091x	0.941^*	1.177	1.970
8∶1	y=-0.334+1.547x	0.981^*	1.644	1.163
5∶1	y=-0.202+1.252x	0.952^*	1.450	0.889
3∶1	y=-0.005+1.070x	0.958^*	1.010	0.857
2∶1	y=-0.072+1.107x	0.989^*	1.161	0.561
1∶1	y=-0.094+0.907x	0.927^*	0.788	0.554
1∶2	y=-0.074+0.942x	0.992^*	1.199	0.273
1∶3	y=-0.115+0.841x	0.933^*	1.372	0.213
1∶5	y=-0.078+0.877x	0.936^*	0.815	0.322
1∶8	y=-0.127+0.946x	0.995^*	1.363	0.181
1∶10	y=-0.221+0.905x	0.931^*	1.755	0.137

氟节胺∶咯菌腈 Flumetralin∶fludioxonil	毒力回归方程 Virulence regression equation	决定系数R²	EC₅₀/（mg·L^-1）	增效系数 Synergistic coefficient
10∶1	y=-0.077+1.091x	0.941^*	1.177	1.970
8∶1	y=-0.334+1.547x	0.981^*	1.644	1.163
5∶1	y=-0.202+1.252x	0.952^*	1.450	0.889
3∶1	y=-0.005+1.070x	0.958^*	1.010	0.857
2∶1	y=-0.072+1.107x	0.989^*	1.161	0.561
1∶1	y=-0.094+0.907x	0.927^*	0.788	0.554
1∶2	y=-0.074+0.942x	0.992^*	1.199	0.273
1∶3	y=-0.115+0.841x	0.933^*	1.372	0.213
1∶5	y=-0.078+0.877x	0.936^*	0.815	0.322
1∶8	y=-0.127+0.946x	0.995^*	1.363	0.181
1∶10	y=-0.221+0.905x	0.931^*	1.755	0.137

氟节胺∶枯草芽孢杆菌 Flumetralin∶Bacillus subtilis	毒力回归方程 Virulence regression equation	决定系数R²	EC₅₀/（mg·L^-1）	增效系数 Synergistic coefficient
10∶1	y=-1.438+1.164x	0.927^*	17.211	1.944
8∶1	y=-1.670+1.236x	0.907^*	22.460	1.367
5∶1	y=-1.091+0.619x	0.964^*	57.748	0.434
3∶1	y=-0.672+0.603x	0.944^*	10.404	1.887
2∶1	y=-1.785+1.425x	0.892^*	17.876	0.903
1∶1	y=-1.683+1.548x	0.954^*	12.224	0.974
1∶2	y=-0.468+0.877x	0.928^*	3.422	2.755
1∶3	y=-0.873+1.290x	0.921^*	4.751	1.798
1∶5	y=-1.121+0.762x	0.899^*	29.660	0.263
1∶8	y=-1.803+1.214x	0.917^*	30.549	0.242
1∶10	y=-1.478+1.428x	0.942^*	10.839	0.668