黄芪多糖对舍饲滩羊生产性能、胴体性能及肉品质的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0541

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 150-157.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0541

• 食品质量加工储运 • 上一篇

黄芪多糖对舍饲滩羊生产性能、胴体性能及肉品质的影响

陈国顺¹(), 田斌², 高燕程¹, 李延翠¹, 田文锦³, 杨文静⁴, 吴万成⁵, 黄立军⁵

^1.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院，兰州 730070
^2.庄浪县农业技术推广中心，甘肃平凉 744000
^3.民勤县农业农村局收成镇畜牧兽医站，甘肃武威 733307
^4.定西市安定区畜牧技术推广站，甘肃定西 743000
^5.盐池县中泉农牧科技有限公司，宁夏吴忠 751500

收稿日期:2023-07-12 接受日期:2024-02-04 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-02-14
作者简介:陈国顺 E-mail：chengs@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
甘肃省重点研发计划项目(23YFNA002);甘肃省科技专员专项(23CXGA0051)

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance， Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Stellar-fed Tan Sheep

Guoshun CHEN¹(), Bin TIAN², Yancheng GAO¹, Yancui LI¹, Wenjin TIAN³, Wenjing YANG⁴, Wancheng WU⁵, Lijun HUANG⁵

^1.College of Animal Science and Technology，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China
^2.Zhuanglang County Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Gansu Pingliang 744000，China
^3.Shoucheng Town Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station，Minqin County Agriculture and Rural Bureau，Gansu Wuwei 733307，China
^4.Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Anding District，Dingxi City，Gansu Dingxi 743000，China
^5.Yanchi Zhongquan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co. Ltd. ，Ningxia Wuzhong 751500，China

Received:2023-07-12 Accepted:2024-02-04 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为阐明黄芪多糖对滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响，选择24只健康、体重相近（22.17±1.21 kg）的50日龄滩羊公羔，随机分为4组进行育肥试验，试验日粮分别设置为基础日粮组（对照组）、基础日粮+0.05%黄芪多糖组（试验Ⅰ组）、基础日粮+0.10%黄芪多糖组（试验Ⅱ组）和基础日粮+0.15%黄芪多糖组（试验Ⅲ组）。在试验的第0、10和70天分别称重，在试验期结束时（第70天）屠宰并测定胴体性性能和肉品质。结果显示，与对照组相比，试验Ⅱ组滩羊的末重和平均日增重显著增加，饲料转化率显著降低；试验Ⅱ组的胴体重和屠宰率显著增加；试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的熟肉率显著增加；试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的背膘厚显著降低，试验Ⅱ组处理的亮度（L^*）显著降低；试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组滩羊肌肉的甘氨酸、天冬氨酸和总氨基酸含量显著增加，鲜味氨基酸含量在添加了黄芪多糖处理中显著增加；试验Ⅱ组的单不饱和脂肪酸（monounsaturated fatty acids，MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著增加；试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的MUFA/TFA（总脂肪酸，total fatty acids）显著增加。综上所述，日粮中添加0.10%黄芪多糖可以提高滩羊的生长性能，改善胴体性能及肉品质。

关键词: 黄芪多糖, 滩羊, 生产性能, 羊肉, 脂肪酸

Abstract:

To elucidate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides on the growth， slaughtering performance and meat quality of Tan sheep， 24 healthy， similar-weight （22.17±1.21 kg） 50-days-old Tan lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups for fattening trials， including basal diet group （control group）， basal diet+0.05% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅰ）， basal diet+0.10% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅱ） and basal diet+0.15% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅲ）. The weights were determied on 0， 10 and 70 d of the trial， and the slaughter performance and meat quality were analyzed on at the end of the trial （70 d）， respectively. The results showed that， compared with control group， the final body weight （FBW） and average daily gain （ADG） of test group Ⅱ were significantly increased， and the feed conversion rate was significantly decreased. The carcass weight and slaughter rate of test group Ⅱ increased significantly， the cooked meat rate of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. The back fat thickness of test group Ⅰ and test group Ⅱ treatment was significantly reduced， and the L* value of test group Ⅱ was significantly reduced. The contents of glycine， aspartic acid and total amino acids in muscle of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ were significantly increased， and the content of umami amino acids was significantly increased in treatments with astragalus polysaccharides. The contents of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） and polyunsaturated fatty acids in mutton of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ were significantly increased. And the value of MUFA/TFA （total fatty acids） of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. In summary， the addition of 0.10% astragalus polysaccharides to the diet could improve the growth performance， carcass performance and meat quality of Tan sheep.

Key words: Astragalus polysaccharides, Tan sheep, production performance, mutton, fatty acid

中图分类号:

S826

陈国顺, 田斌, 高燕程, 李延翠, 田文锦, 杨文静, 吴万成, 黄立军. 黄芪多糖对舍饲滩羊生产性能、胴体性能及肉品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(2): 150-157.

Guoshun CHEN, Bin TIAN, Yancheng GAO, Yancui LI, Wenjin TIAN, Wenjing YANG, Wancheng WU, Lijun HUANG. Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance， Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Stellar-fed Tan Sheep[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(2): 150-157.

图/表 6

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原料 Ingredient	质量分数Mass fraction/%
玉米Corn grain	29.62
花生粕Peanut meal	9.87
苜蓿颗粒Alfalfa hay	9.87
麸皮Bran	9.87
喷浆玉米皮Spouting corn husks	9.87
稻壳粉Rice husk meal	9.86
杂草颗粒Weed particle	9.86
柠条粉Caragana powder	4.94
糖蜜Molasses	1.97
膨化尿素Expanded urea	1.48
石粉Limestone	1.38
1%预混合饲料1% premix	1.00
食盐Salt	0.39
苦豆渣Bitter bean residue	0.20
合计Total	100.00

原料 Ingredient	质量分数Mass fraction/%
玉米Corn grain	29.62
花生粕Peanut meal	9.87
苜蓿颗粒Alfalfa hay	9.87
麸皮Bran	9.87
喷浆玉米皮Spouting corn husks	9.87
稻壳粉Rice husk meal	9.86
杂草颗粒Weed particle	9.86
柠条粉Caragana powder	4.94
糖蜜Molasses	1.97
膨化尿素Expanded urea	1.48
石粉Limestone	1.38
1%预混合饲料1% premix	1.00
食盐Salt	0.39
苦豆渣Bitter bean residue	0.20
合计Total	100.00

项目 Item	含量Content
干物质Dry matter/%	68.35
消化能Digestible energy/（MJ·kg^-1）	13.48
代谢能Metabolic energy/（MJ·kg^-1）	11.64
粗蛋白质Crude protein/%	14.92
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber/%	26.79
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber/%	11.27
钙Ca/%	0.89
磷P/%	0.37

项目 Item	含量Content
干物质Dry matter/%	68.35
消化能Digestible energy/（MJ·kg^-1）	13.48
代谢能Metabolic energy/（MJ·kg^-1）	11.64
粗蛋白质Crude protein/%	14.92
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber/%	26.79
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber/%	11.27
钙Ca/%	0.89
磷P/%	0.37

指标 Index	处理Treatment				P值 P value
指标 Index	对照 CK	试验Ⅰ组 Group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Group Ⅱ	试验Ⅲ组 Group Ⅲ	P值 P value
初始体质量IBW/kg	23.17±0.11 a	22.87±0.45 a	23.45±0.52 a	23.21±0.06 a	0.180
终末体质量FBW/kg	37.53±0.25 c	39.60±0.56 b	41.85±0.71 a	40.23±0.07 b	0.047
平均日采食量ADFI/kg	1.64±0.01 a	1.61±0.30 a	1.61±0.01 a	1.62±0.01 a	0.161
平均日增重ADG/kg	0.23±0.05 c	0.27±0.05 b	0.29±0.07 a	0.27±0.01 b	0.033
饲料转化率FCR	7.08±0.26 a	6.06±0.04 b	5.99±0.04 b	6.07±0.03 b	0.027

黄芪多糖对舍饲滩羊生产性能、胴体性能及肉品质的影响

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance， Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Stellar-fed Tan Sheep

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[15]	彭忠利1,郭春华1*\|柏雪1,朱万岭3\|付锡三3,王永玲3. 微生物发酵饲料对乐至黑山羊生产性能、养分消化率与血液生化指标的影响[J]. , 2013, 15(5): 106-113.

指标 Index		处理Treatment				P值 P value
指标 Index		对照 CK	试验Ⅰ组 Group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Group Ⅱ	试验Ⅲ组 Group Ⅲ	P值 P value
胴体重 CW/kg		18.20±0.82 c	19.92±0.29 b	21.87±0.40 a	20.17±0.26 b	0.041
屠宰率 SR/%		48.38±0.02 c	50.30±0.05 b	52.25±0.05 a	50.14±0.42 b	0.026
背膘厚 BFT/mm		13.15±0.60 a	12.48±0.20 b	12.42±0.20 b	13.10±0.31 a	0.022
蒸煮损失 CL/%		53.33±0.35 a	51.33±0.25 a	50.67±0.15 a	49.76±0.15 a	0.350
熟肉率 CMR/%		65.33±0.25 b	68.67±0.49 b	70.67±0.31 a	73.67±0.35 a	0.048
剪切力 SF/N		74.00±22.38 a	70.76±16.24 a	56.06±22.99 a	67.88±10.53 a	0.086
滴水损失 DL/%		3.67±0.21 a	6.00±0.61 a	4.30±0.21 a	3.70±0.06 a	0.337
失水率 WLR/%		21.68±0.19 a	20.67±0.13 a	20.00±0.07 a	19.00±0.06 a	0.762
pH_{45 min}		6.51±0.45 a	6.50±0.42 a	6.48±0.05 a	6.49±0.53 a	0.716
pH_{24 h}		5.94±0.19 a	5.79±0.87 a	5.74±0.75 a	5.80±0.12 a	0.583
肉色 Meat color	亮度 L^*	34.58±3.81 a	32.50±1.93 ab	29.81±2.91 b	30.98±1.38 ab	0.048
	红度 a^*	20.82±1.53 a	21.19±2.95 a	24.38±2.70 a	22.88±1.10 a	0.241
	黄度 b^*	10.16±0.71 a	10.07±0.43 a	8.99±1.40 a	9.11±0.51 a	0.097

指标 Index		处理Treatment				P值 P value
指标 Index		对照 CK	试验Ⅰ组 Group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Group Ⅱ	试验Ⅲ组 Group Ⅲ	P值 P value
胴体重 CW/kg		18.20±0.82 c	19.92±0.29 b	21.87±0.40 a	20.17±0.26 b	0.041
屠宰率 SR/%		48.38±0.02 c	50.30±0.05 b	52.25±0.05 a	50.14±0.42 b	0.026
背膘厚 BFT/mm		13.15±0.60 a	12.48±0.20 b	12.42±0.20 b	13.10±0.31 a	0.022
蒸煮损失 CL/%		53.33±0.35 a	51.33±0.25 a	50.67±0.15 a	49.76±0.15 a	0.350
熟肉率 CMR/%		65.33±0.25 b	68.67±0.49 b	70.67±0.31 a	73.67±0.35 a	0.048
剪切力 SF/N		74.00±22.38 a	70.76±16.24 a	56.06±22.99 a	67.88±10.53 a	0.086
滴水损失 DL/%		3.67±0.21 a	6.00±0.61 a	4.30±0.21 a	3.70±0.06 a	0.337
失水率 WLR/%		21.68±0.19 a	20.67±0.13 a	20.00±0.07 a	19.00±0.06 a	0.762
pH_{45 min}		6.51±0.45 a	6.50±0.42 a	6.48±0.05 a	6.49±0.53 a	0.716
pH_{24 h}		5.94±0.19 a	5.79±0.87 a	5.74±0.75 a	5.80±0.12 a	0.583
肉色 Meat color	亮度 L^*	34.58±3.81 a	32.50±1.93 ab	29.81±2.91 b	30.98±1.38 ab	0.048
	红度 a^*	20.82±1.53 a	21.19±2.95 a	24.38±2.70 a	22.88±1.10 a	0.241
	黄度 b^*	10.16±0.71 a	10.07±0.43 a	8.99±1.40 a	9.11±0.51 a	0.097

指标 Index	处理Treatment				P值 P value
指标 Index	对照 CK	试验Ⅰ组 Group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Group Ⅱ	试验Ⅲ组 Group Ⅲ	P值 P value
甘氨酸 Gly^*/（mg·kg^-1）	0.85±0.03 c	0.97±0.01 b	1.14±0.05 a	1.08±0.06 a	0.046
天冬氨酸 Asp^*/（mg·kg^-1）	1.67±0.05 c	1.81±0.05 b	2.01±0.12 a	1.95±0.03 a	0.033
谷氨酸 Glu^*/（mg·kg^-1）	2.94±0.04 b	3.02±0.02 ab	3.07±0.03 ab	3.13±0.16a	0.025
脯氨酸 Pro^*/（mg·kg^-1）	0.66±0.13 a	0.74±0.02 a	0.75±0.05 a	0.71±0.15 a	0.105
丙氨酸 Ala^*/（mg·kg^-1）	0.72±0.58 a	1.03±0.04 a	1.16±0.15 a	1.07±0.15 a	0.157
缬氨酸 Val^#/（mg·kg^-1）	1.14±0.12 a	1.18±0.06 a	1.20±0.02 a	1.15±0.07 a	0.362
蛋氨酸 Met^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.29±0.04 a	0.32±0.01 a	0.34±0.10 a	0.30±0.03 a	0.462
异亮氨酸 Ile^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.69±0.11 a	0.78±0.04 a	0.93±0.23 a	0.83±0.06 a	0.224
亮氨酸 Leu^#/（mg·kg^-1）	1.54±0.64 a	1.66±0.52 a	1.86±0.12 a	1.79±0.31 a	0.227
赖氨酸 Lys^#/（mg·kg^-1）	1.13±0.55 a	1.85±0.16 a	1.92±0.11 a	1.78±0.27 a	0.316
苯丙氨酸 Phe^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.75±0.13 a	0.81±0.21 a	0.84±0.06 a	0.79±0.04 a	0.441
组氨酸 His^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.59±0.11 a	0.63±0.07 a	0.68±0.01 a	0.65±0.03 a	0.524
苏氨酸 Thr^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.73±0.02 a	0.80±0.04 b	0.91±0.04 c	0.87±0.03 c	0.037
丝氨酸 Ser/（mg·kg^-1）	0.65±0.12 a	0.73±0.10 a	0.69±0.03 a	0.76±0.01 a	0.146
精氨酸 Arg/（mg·kg^-1）	1.18±0.24 a	1.30±0.04 a	1.26±0.13 a	1.21±0.12 a	0.127
胱氨酸 Cys/（mg·kg^-1）	0.09±0.03 a	0.13±0.01 a	0.15±0.04 a	0.13±0.02 a	0.211
酪氨酸 Tyr/（mg·kg^-1）	0.69±0.05 a	0.71±0.02 a	0.75±0.03 a	0.72±0.06 a	0.155
非必需氨基酸 NEAA/（mg·kg^-1）	9.46±0.31 c	10.02±0.30 b	10.56±0.15 a	10.34±0.21 ab	0.036
必需氨基酸 EAA/（mg·kg^-1）	6.77±1.38 a	7.37±0.28 a	7.99±0.17 a	7.55±0.40 a	0.146
鲜味氨基酸 UAA/（mg·kg^-1）	6.88±0.70 b	7.61±0.03 a	8.26±0.20 a	8.06±0.18 a	0.041
甜味氨基酸 SAA/（mg·kg^-1）	5.50±0.86 a	5.92±0.45 a	6.46±0.16 a	6.29±0.05 a	0.172
总氨基酸 TAA/（mg·kg^-1）	16.93±1.89 b	18.37±0.26 ab	19.69±0.17 a	18.88±0.73 a	0.028
EAA/TAA	0.39±0.04 a	0.41±0.02 a	0.46±0.00 a	0.40±0.02 a	0.062
UAA/TAA	0.40±0.01 a	0.41±0.01 a	0.42±0.01 a	0.42±0.02 a	0.053

指标 Index	处理Treatment				P值 P value
指标 Index	对照 CK	试验Ⅰ组 Group Ⅰ	试验Ⅱ组 Group Ⅱ	试验Ⅲ组 Group Ⅲ	P值 P value
甘氨酸 Gly^*/（mg·kg^-1）	0.85±0.03 c	0.97±0.01 b	1.14±0.05 a	1.08±0.06 a	0.046
天冬氨酸 Asp^*/（mg·kg^-1）	1.67±0.05 c	1.81±0.05 b	2.01±0.12 a	1.95±0.03 a	0.033
谷氨酸 Glu^*/（mg·kg^-1）	2.94±0.04 b	3.02±0.02 ab	3.07±0.03 ab	3.13±0.16a	0.025
脯氨酸 Pro^*/（mg·kg^-1）	0.66±0.13 a	0.74±0.02 a	0.75±0.05 a	0.71±0.15 a	0.105
丙氨酸 Ala^*/（mg·kg^-1）	0.72±0.58 a	1.03±0.04 a	1.16±0.15 a	1.07±0.15 a	0.157
缬氨酸 Val^#/（mg·kg^-1）	1.14±0.12 a	1.18±0.06 a	1.20±0.02 a	1.15±0.07 a	0.362
蛋氨酸 Met^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.29±0.04 a	0.32±0.01 a	0.34±0.10 a	0.30±0.03 a	0.462
异亮氨酸 Ile^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.69±0.11 a	0.78±0.04 a	0.93±0.23 a	0.83±0.06 a	0.224
亮氨酸 Leu^#/（mg·kg^-1）	1.54±0.64 a	1.66±0.52 a	1.86±0.12 a	1.79±0.31 a	0.227
赖氨酸 Lys^#/（mg·kg^-1）	1.13±0.55 a	1.85±0.16 a	1.92±0.11 a	1.78±0.27 a	0.316
苯丙氨酸 Phe^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.75±0.13 a	0.81±0.21 a	0.84±0.06 a	0.79±0.04 a	0.441
组氨酸 His^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.59±0.11 a	0.63±0.07 a	0.68±0.01 a	0.65±0.03 a	0.524
苏氨酸 Thr^#/（mg·kg^-1）	0.73±0.02 a	0.80±0.04 b	0.91±0.04 c	0.87±0.03 c	0.037
丝氨酸 Ser/（mg·kg^-1）	0.65±0.12 a	0.73±0.10 a	0.69±0.03 a	0.76±0.01 a	0.146
精氨酸 Arg/（mg·kg^-1）	1.18±0.24 a	1.30±0.04 a	1.26±0.13 a	1.21±0.12 a	0.127
胱氨酸 Cys/（mg·kg^-1）	0.09±0.03 a	0.13±0.01 a	0.15±0.04 a	0.13±0.02 a	0.211
酪氨酸 Tyr/（mg·kg^-1）	0.69±0.05 a	0.71±0.02 a	0.75±0.03 a	0.72±0.06 a	0.155
非必需氨基酸 NEAA/（mg·kg^-1）	9.46±0.31 c	10.02±0.30 b	10.56±0.15 a	10.34±0.21 ab	0.036
必需氨基酸 EAA/（mg·kg^-1）	6.77±1.38 a	7.37±0.28 a	7.99±0.17 a	7.55±0.40 a	0.146
鲜味氨基酸 UAA/（mg·kg^-1）	6.88±0.70 b	7.61±0.03 a	8.26±0.20 a	8.06±0.18 a	0.041
甜味氨基酸 SAA/（mg·kg^-1）	5.50±0.86 a	5.92±0.45 a	6.46±0.16 a	6.29±0.05 a	0.172
总氨基酸 TAA/（mg·kg^-1）	16.93±1.89 b	18.37±0.26 ab	19.69±0.17 a	18.88±0.73 a	0.028
EAA/TAA	0.39±0.04 a	0.41±0.02 a	0.46±0.00 a	0.40±0.02 a	0.062
UAA/TAA	0.40±0.01 a	0.41±0.01 a	0.42±0.01 a	0.42±0.02 a	0.053