Abstract:

Biological breeding refers to the use of transgenic， gene editing and other modern biotechnology to change the genomic composition of new species of animals， plants and microorganisms. The food and feed products obtained from biobreeding have the potential to increase economic benefits and improve human health， but may also pose potential risks to humans， animals and plants， microorganisms， and the ecological environment， so that people have concerns about the safety of biobreeding products. In this paper， the safety issues of biobreeding food were discussed， the safety evaluation methods of biobreeding food were reviewed， and the safety research progress of new biotechnology products such as recombinant enzyme preparations， RNA interference， gene editing， and synthetic biology were summarized. It was concluded that there was no essential difference in safety between biobred food and traditional food， which was expected to provide some reference for the food safety evaluation of biological breeding products in China.

Key words: biological breeding, transgene, food safety, safety evaluation

摘要：

生物育种是指利用转基因、基因编辑等现代生物技术改变基因组构成，培育动物、植物和微生物新品种的过程。生物育种获得的食品及饲料等产品在提高经济效益及改善人类健康方面具有不可低估的潜力，但人们对生物育种产品的安全性存在担忧。基于此，探讨了生物育种食品的安全性问题，综述了生物育种食用安全性评价方法，并总结了重组酶制剂、RNA干扰、基因编辑、合成生物学等新型生物技术产品的安全性研究进展，得出生物技术食品与传统食品的安全性无显著差异的判断，以期为我国生物育种产品的食用安全性评价提供参考。

关键词: 生物育种, 转基因, 食用安全, 安全性评价