Identification and Evaluation of Korla Pear Bud Sport with Larger Fruit Size

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0869

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to characterize and evaluated the Korla pear bud sports and provide thoeries for fruit production and breeding program，the Korla pear （CK） and its bud sports were used to analyze the botanical morphology， biological characteristics and quality characteristics from 2020 to 2021.The results showed that the bud sports with larger fruit size was obovate-shaped and Korla pear was spindle-shaped； the width of leaf defending cells and the length of flesh cells of the bud sports with larger fruit size were significantly increased. In the process of fruit dynamic development， the single fruit weight and fruit water content of the bud sports with larger fruit size were significantly higher than those of Korla pear. At the fruit ripening stage， the soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio of the bud sports with larger fruit size were significantly increased by 78.39% and 84.54%， respectively， and the stone cell content was significantly reduced by 33.33% compared with Korla pear.The bud sports with larger fruit size was analyzed by phenotypic traits and quality characteristics， and it was judged to be the excellent bud variant of Korla pear， which could be used as parental material for pear variety improvement and new variety selection and breeding.

Key words: Korla pear, bud sport with larger fruit size, biological characteristics, fruit quality

摘要：

为鉴定和评价库尔勒香梨大果芽变的性状，为生产栽培和遗传育种提供理论依据，在2020—2021年对库尔勒香梨（对照）及其大果芽变的植物学形态、生物学特性、品质特性进行比较分析。结果表明，大果芽变果实呈倒卵形，库尔勒香梨呈纺锤形；大果芽变的叶片保卫细胞宽度和果肉细胞长度均显著增大；在果实动态发育过程中，大果芽变的单果重及果实含水率均显著高于库尔勒香梨，在果实成熟期，与库尔勒香梨相比，大果芽变果实的可溶性糖含量及糖酸比分别显著提高78.39%和84.54%，石细胞含量显著降低33.33%。经表型性状和品质特性分析，判定大果芽变为库尔勒香梨的优良芽变，可作为品种改良及新品种选育的亲本材料。

关键词: 库尔勒香梨, 大果芽变, 生物学特性, 果实品质

CLC Number:

S661.2

Dengyang LU, Panpan TONG, Min YAN, Jingkai BAO, Mingzhe LIU, Yilei XIA, Cuiyun WU. Identification and Evaluation of Korla Pear Bud Sport with Larger Fruit Size[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(5): 52-64.

卢登洋, 童盼盼, 闫敏, 鲍荆凯, 刘鸣哲, 夏怡蕾, 吴翠云. 库尔勒香梨大果芽变的鉴定与评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(5): 52-64.

Figures/Tables 16

References 32

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性状 Trait	库尔勒香梨 Korla pear	芽变 Bud sport
树姿 Tree posture	开张 Opened	开张 Opened
主干树皮特征 Main stem bark features	片状剥落 Flaky spalling	光滑 Smooth
1年生枝皮孔数量 Number of lenticels on annual branches	少 Little	多 More
叶芽姿态 Leaf bud posture	贴生 Poster	贴生 Poster
芽托大小 Bud holder size	中 Medium	小 Small
连续结果能力 Continuous results capability	强 Stronger	强 Stronger
树势 Tree strength	强 Stronger	强 Stronger
成枝能力 Branching capability	强 Stronger	强 Stronger
叶芽顶端特征 Apical features of leaf buds	尖 Pointed	尖 Pointed
花芽茸毛 Flower buds velvet	有 Available	有 Available
嫩枝茸毛 Tender fuzzy shoots	无 None	无 None

性状 Trait	库尔勒香梨 Korla pear	芽变 Bud sport
树姿 Tree posture	开张 Opened	开张 Opened
主干树皮特征 Main stem bark features	片状剥落 Flaky spalling	光滑 Smooth
1年生枝皮孔数量 Number of lenticels on annual branches	少 Little	多 More
叶芽姿态 Leaf bud posture	贴生 Poster	贴生 Poster
芽托大小 Bud holder size	中 Medium	小 Small
连续结果能力 Continuous results capability	强 Stronger	强 Stronger
树势 Tree strength	强 Stronger	强 Stronger
成枝能力 Branching capability	强 Stronger	强 Stronger
叶芽顶端特征 Apical features of leaf buds	尖 Pointed	尖 Pointed
花芽茸毛 Flower buds velvet	有 Available	有 Available
嫩枝茸毛 Tender fuzzy shoots	无 None	无 None

性状 Trait	库尔勒香梨 Korla pear	芽变 Bud sport
叶长 Leaf length/mm	55.87±7.53 b	63.67±7.37 a
叶宽 Leaf width/mm	38.79±4.06 a	41.42±3.30 a
叶形指数 Leaf shape index	1.46±0.26 a	1.55±0.22 a
叶面积 Leaf area/mm²	1 486.47±232.68 b	1 858.71±395.33 a
叶柄长 Petiole length/mm	26.45±6.57 a	28.04±7.45 a
叶柄宽 Petiole width/mm	3.51±1.32 a	4.77±6.63 a
叶柄长/宽 Petiole length/width	8.27±2.76 a	7.70±2.30 a
叶绿素参考值 Chlorophyll reference values	5.77±1.39 a	5.58±0.22 a

性状 Trait	库尔勒香梨 Korla pear	芽变 Bud sport
叶长 Leaf length/mm	55.87±7.53 b	63.67±7.37 a
叶宽 Leaf width/mm	38.79±4.06 a	41.42±3.30 a
叶形指数 Leaf shape index	1.46±0.26 a	1.55±0.22 a
叶面积 Leaf area/mm²	1 486.47±232.68 b	1 858.71±395.33 a
叶柄长 Petiole length/mm	26.45±6.57 a	28.04±7.45 a
叶柄宽 Petiole width/mm	3.51±1.32 a	4.77±6.63 a
叶柄长/宽 Petiole length/width	8.27±2.76 a	7.70±2.30 a
叶绿素参考值 Chlorophyll reference values	5.77±1.39 a	5.58±0.22 a

性状 Trait	库尔勒香梨 Korla pear	芽变 Bud sport
花瓣形状 Petal shapes	圆形 Circular	卵圆形 Ovoid
花瓣位置 Petal position	邻接 Adjacent	邻接 Adjacent
花蕾颜色 Flower bud colour	浅粉色 Pale pink	浅粉色 Pale pink
柱头位置 Column head position	高于花药 Higher than anthers	与花药等高 As high as anthers
花瓣基部茸毛 Petal base velutinous	有 Available	无 None
花药颜色 Anther colour	粉红色 Pink colour	粉红色 Pink colour
花序花朵数 Number of flowers per inflorescence	8.23±1.98 a	6.07±1.11 b
雌蕊数 Number of pistils	5.00±0.00 a	5.00±0.00 a
雄蕊数 Number of stamens	19.87±1.33 a	20.53±1.11 a
花冠直径 Corolla diameter/mm	23.55±3.30 a	26.15±2.96 a
花瓣横径 Petal diameter/mm	8.23±1.98 a	6.07±1.11 b
花瓣纵经 Petal longitudinal diameter/mm	10.56±1.51 a	11.12±1.53 a
单药花粉量 Pollen number per anther	7 228.57±450.21 a	3 535.71±255.75 b
花粉生活力Pollen viability/%	79.26±0.05 b	86.68±0.05 a