泰山白首乌根际土壤真菌多样性分析

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0963

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解泰山白首乌根际土壤微生物群落结构和组成，充分利用根际微生物资源，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术，分析测定来自山东省莱芜市莲花山（LW）和济南市历下区（LX）、长清区（CQ）3个产地的泰山白首乌根茎10和20 cm深度根际土壤真菌群落的丰富度和多样性。结果表明，6个样品共得到真菌1 589个OTUs，分属于11门35纲84目142科237属。子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和被孢霉门（Mortierellomycota）是6个样品共同的优势菌门。样品CQ20的群落丰度和多样性最高，样品LX20的真菌群落分布最均匀；随着地下根茎深度加深，真菌微生物群落的丰度和多样性增大。不同产地和根茎深度样品间土壤真菌群落存在显著差异，上述结果为优选根际促生菌、提高仿野生种植技术提供了理论依据。

关键词: 泰山白首乌, 根际土壤, 真菌, 高通量测序

Abstract:

To understand the structure and composition of rhizosphere soil microbial community of Cynanchum bungei Decne， and make full use of rhizosphere microbial resources， the fungal community richness and diversity in rhizosphere soil （at 10 and 20 cm deep） of Cynanchum bungei Decne form Lianhuashan of Laiwu City （LW）， Lixia （LX） and Changqing （CQ） of Jinan City of Shandong Province were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that 1 589 OTUs were obtained from 6 samples， belonging to 11 phyla， 35 classes， 84 orders， 142 families and 237 genera. Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota were the common dominant bacteria of 6 samples at phyla level. Sample CQ20 had the highest community abundance and diversity， and sample LX20 had the most uniform distribution of fungal community. With the deepening of underground rhizome depth， the abundance and diversity of fungal microbial community increased， which provided theoretical basis for optimizing the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria and improving the planting technique of simulating wild.

Key words: Cynanchum bungei Decne, rhizosphere soil, fungi, Illumina next-generation sequencing

中图分类号:

李洁, 林莹, 徐美玉, 王飞, 徐凌川. 泰山白首乌根际土壤真菌多样性分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(6): 70-81.

Jie LI, Ying LIN, Meiyu XU, Fei WANG, Lingchuan XU. Sequencing Analysis of Fungal Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Cynanchum bungei Decne[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(6): 70-81.

图/表 14

表1 泰山白首乌根际土壤检测序列结果

Table 1 Sequence results of rhizosphere soil of Cynanchum bungei Decne

样品 Sample	序列数 Sequence number	碱基数 Base number	平均长度 Mean length/bp	最小长度 Min. length/bp	最大长度 Max. length/bp	操作分类单元数OTUs
LW10	68 579	18 104 375	263.99	47	380	244
LW20	68 939	17 199 374	249.49	43	490	175
LX10	58 106	16 270 921	280.02	44	391	216
LX20	64 833	20 109 613	310.18	42	491	337
CQ10	49 236	14 888 556	302.39	42	490	259
CQ20	68 679	19 492 433	283.82	42	491	358

图1 泰山白首乌根际土壤样品间Veen图A： 6个样品组；B：地下10 cm样品组；C：地下20 cm样品组

Fig. 1 Veen diagram of rhizosphere soil samples of Cynanchum bungei DecneA： 6 sample groups； B： Sample group underground 10 cm； C： Sample group underground 20 cm

图2 泰山白首乌根际土壤样品的稀释曲线

Fig. 2 Dilution curve of rhizosphere soil sample of Cynanchum bungei Decne

表2 泰山白首乌根际土壤真菌多样性指数统计表

Table 2 Statistical table of rhizosphere soil fungal diversity index of Cynanchum bungei Decne

样品Sample	Chao 指数 Chao index	Ace 指数 Ace index	Shannon指数Shannon index	Simpson指数Simpson index	Shannon均匀指数Shannon even index	覆盖度 Coverage
LW10	254.01	256.96	2.83	0.13	0.51	1.0
LW20	190.95	192.75	1.87	0.31	0.36	1.0
LX10	227.11	227.59	2.39	0.23	0.44	1.0
LX20	340.75	342.87	3.71	0.07	0.64	1.0
CQ10	264.53	264.62	3.50	0.10	0.63	1.0
CQ20	361.75	363.10	3.69	0.07	0.63	1.0

图3 泰山白首乌根际土壤样品的Rank-abundance曲线

Fig. 3 Rank abundance curve of rhizosphere soil samples of Cynanchum bungei Decne

图4 不同根际土壤样品间的关系

Fig. 4 Relationship of different rhizosphere soil samples

图5 泰山白首乌根际土壤样品距离热图

Fig. 5 Distance heat map of rhizosphere soil sample of Cynanchum bungei Decne

图6 不同根际土壤样品间的主成分分析

Fig. 6 PCA of different rhizosphere soil samples

表3 泰山白首乌样品在不同分类水平上的数目

Table 3 Number of Cynanchum bungei Decne samples at different classification levels

分类Taxonomy	LW10	LW20	LX10	LX20	CQ10	CQ20
门Plylum	9	9	8	10	8	9
纲Class	18	17	21	29	23	24
目Order	44	40	53	60	49	58
科Family	73	58	85	106	86	106
属Genus	104	75	114	142	130	169
种Species	167	116	171	229	196	268

图7 不同际土壤样品真菌在门水平的相对丰度

Fig. 7 Relative abundance of fungi in different rhizosphere soil samples at phylum level

图8 不同根际土壤样品真菌在纲水平的相对丰度

Fig. 8 Relative abundance of fungi in different rhizosphere soil samples at class level

图9 不同根际土壤样品真菌在目水平的相对丰度

Fig. 9 Relative abundance of fungi in different rhizosphere soil samples at order level

图10 不同根际土壤样品真菌在科水平的相对丰度

Fig. 10 Relative abundance of fungi in different rhizosphere soil samples at family level

图11 不同根际土壤样品真菌在属水平的相对丰度

Fig. 11 Relative abundance of fungi in different rhizosphere soil samples at genus level

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