不同水分胁迫处理对陆地棉核心种质资源的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0732

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同水分胁迫下陆地棉对干旱的响应能力并筛选棉花抗旱关键指标和优异抗旱种质资源，选取30份陆地棉核心种质为试验材料，以全生育期正常灌水处理为对照，设置播种后和花铃期各浇水1次和花铃期断水2次2种胁迫处理，在蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期测定相应指标，通过描述性统计分析、差异分析、主成分分析和相关性分析，采用抗旱综合度量值（D）进行各材料的抗旱性评价。结果表明，干旱胁迫对不同棉花材料的生长发育均有不同程度的影响，播种后和花铃期各浇一水处理的D值离散较大（0.285~0.774），能更清晰地区分不同品种的抗旱性。利用D值可将30份材料分为4类：第Ⅰ类为抗旱材料，包括‘中棉所41’‘新陆早7号’等6个品种；第Ⅱ类为中抗材料，包括‘晋棉46’‘新陆早31号’等11个品种；第Ⅲ类为敏感材料，包括‘中棉所17’‘鲁1138’等5个品种；第Ⅳ类为高敏材料，包括‘新陆中8号’‘酒棉8号’等8个品种。果枝始节数、果枝数、株高、皮面产量和衣分5个指标对干旱较为敏感，可作为棉花抗旱评价的关键指标。以上研究结果可为棉花抗旱育种提供参考。

关键词: 棉花, 水分胁迫, 隶属函数, 抗旱指标, 抗旱性评价

Abstract:

In order to explore the response ability of upland cotton to drought under different water stress and screen the key drought-resistant indexes and the excellent drought-resistant germplasm resources，30 upland cotton core germplasms were selected as experimental materials， and compared with normal irrigation treatment during the whole growth period， 2 water stress treatments， one water after sowing and one water at the flowering bollboll stage respectively， and 2 water stress treatments at the flowering bollboll stage were set up. The corresponding indexes were measured at bud stage， boll stage and boll opening stage by descriptive statistical analysis， difference analysis， principal component analysis and correlation analysis， the drought resistance of materials was evaluated by using drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value （D）. The results showed that drought stress had different effects on the growth and development of different cotton materials，the D value of the treatment of watering one water after sowing and one water at flowering and boll stage was more discrete （0.285~0.774）， which could more clearly distinguish between different varieties of drought resistance. Using D value， 30 materials could be divided into 4 types： Type Ⅰ included 6 cotton varieties such as ‘Zhongmiansuo 41’‘ Xinluzao 7’ etc. and showed high drought resistance； Type Ⅱ included 11 cotton varieties such as ‘Jinmian 46’‘Xinluzao 31’etc. and showed middle drought resistance； Type Ⅲ included 5 cotton varieties such as‘Zhongmiansuo 17’‘Lu 1138’etc. and showed drought sensitive； Type Ⅳ included 8 cotton varieties such as‘ Xinluzhong 8’‘Jiumian 8’ etc. and showed high sensitive to drought. The first node number of fruit branch， number of fruit branch， plant height， grain yield and lint percentage were sensitive to drought， which could be used as the key indexes for drought resistance evaluation of cotton. Above results could provide basis for cotton drought-resistant.

Key words: cotton, water stress, membership function, drought resistance index, drought resistance evaluation

中图分类号:

S562

李江博, 高文举, 运晓东, 赵杰银, 耿世伟, 韩春斌, 陈全家, 陈琴. 不同水分胁迫处理对陆地棉核心种质资源的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(3): 26-39.

Jiangbo LI, Wenju GAO, Xiaodong YUN, Jieyin ZHAO, Shiwei GENG, Chunbin HAN, Quanjia CHEN, Qin CHEN. Effects of Different Water Stress Treatments on Core Germplasm Resources of Upland Cotton[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(3): 26-39.

图/表 11

参考文献 36

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编号Code	品种Variety	来源Source	编号Code	品种Variety	来源Source
1	新陆早7号 Xinluzao 7	西北内陆 Inland Northwest	16	鲁棉2号 Lumian 2	黄河流域 Yellow River basin
2	新陆早31号 Xinluzao 31		17	鲁原343 Luyuan 343
3	新陆中8号 Xinluzhong 8		18	鲁1138 Lu 1138
4	酒棉8号 Jiumian 8		19	运1812 Yun 1812
5	荆55173 Jing 55173	长江流域 Yangtze River basin	20	冀丰908 Jifeng 908
6	泗168 Si 168		21	阿肯色971 Akense 971	美国 United States
7	徐州6号 Xuzhou 6		22	GP135
8	中棉所17 Zhongmiansuo 17	黄河流域 Yellow River basin	23	岱字棉16号 Daizimian 16
9	中棉所41 Zhongmiansuo 41		24	King
10	中棉所50 Zhongmiansuo 50		25	MAR-7A-3
11	中棉所60 Zhongmiansuo 60		26	Miscot 7803-52
12	中植86-1 Zhongzhi 86-1		27	澳SIV2 Ao SIV2	澳大利亚 Australia
13	中远0114 Zhongyuan 0114		28	非洲棉E-40 Feizhoumian E-40	非洲 Africa
14	晋棉49 Jinmian 49		29	F281	法国 France
15	晋棉46 Jinmian 46		30	保2367 Bao 2367	保加利亚 Bulgaria

编号Code	品种Variety	来源Source	编号Code	品种Variety	来源Source
1	新陆早7号 Xinluzao 7	西北内陆 Inland Northwest	16	鲁棉2号 Lumian 2	黄河流域 Yellow River basin
2	新陆早31号 Xinluzao 31		17	鲁原343 Luyuan 343
3	新陆中8号 Xinluzhong 8		18	鲁1138 Lu 1138
4	酒棉8号 Jiumian 8		19	运1812 Yun 1812
5	荆55173 Jing 55173	长江流域 Yangtze River basin	20	冀丰908 Jifeng 908
6	泗168 Si 168		21	阿肯色971 Akense 971	美国 United States
7	徐州6号 Xuzhou 6		22	GP135
8	中棉所17 Zhongmiansuo 17	黄河流域 Yellow River basin	23	岱字棉16号 Daizimian 16
9	中棉所41 Zhongmiansuo 41		24	King
10	中棉所50 Zhongmiansuo 50		25	MAR-7A-3
11	中棉所60 Zhongmiansuo 60		26	Miscot 7803-52
12	中植86-1 Zhongzhi 86-1		27	澳SIV2 Ao SIV2	澳大利亚 Australia
13	中远0114 Zhongyuan 0114		28	非洲棉E-40 Feizhoumian E-40	非洲 Africa
14	晋棉49 Jinmian 49		29	F281	法国 France
15	晋棉46 Jinmian 46		30	保2367 Bao 2367	保加利亚 Bulgaria

性状 Trait	处理方式 Treatment	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	变异系数 CV/%
果枝始节数 FNFB	CK	4.00	0.00	4.00	5.00	9.72
	W1	4.00	0.00	3.00	5.00	10.32
	W2	4.00	0.00	4.00	5.00	8.85
果枝始节高 HFNFB/cm	CK	6.76	1.79	4.77	11.18	26.48
	W1	8.33	1.22	5.52	11.12	14.65
	W2	6.29	1.15	4.47	8.60	18.28
果枝数 FB	CK	8.00	1.00	7.00	9.00	8.96
	W1	7.00	1.00	6.00	9.00	10.56
	W2	7.00	0.00	6.00	8.00	6.42
株高 PH/cm	CK	54.53	4.62	46.07	68.10	8.47
	W1	38.72	4.38	31.35	46.05	11.31
	W2	48.39	3.68	42.10	56.50	7.60
开花数 FN	CK	2.00	1.00	1.00	3.00	23.04
	W1	2.00	0.00	1.00	2.00	16.32
	W2	2.00	0.00	1.00	3.00	20.20
棉铃数 BN	CK	7.00	1.00	5.00	10.00	18.49
	W1	6.00	1.00	3.00	9.00	24.14
	W2	6.00	1.00	3.00	9.00	24.38
上五果枝叶片数 LTFFBN	CK	9.00	1.00	7.00	11.00	9.59
	W1	7.00	1.00	6.00	8.00	9.24
	W2	7.00	1.00	6.00	9.00	12.17
主茎叶片数 MSLN	CK	10.00	2.00	8.00	12.00	16.93
	W1	9.00	1.00	7.00	10.00	12.54
	W2	9.00	1.00	7.00	11.00	9.51

性状 Trait	处理方式 Treatment	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	变异系数 CV/%
果枝始节数 FNFB	CK	4.00	0.00	4.00	5.00	9.72
	W1	4.00	0.00	3.00	5.00	10.32
	W2	4.00	0.00	4.00	5.00	8.85
果枝始节高 HFNFB/cm	CK	6.76	1.79	4.77	11.18	26.48
	W1	8.33	1.22	5.52	11.12	14.65
	W2	6.29	1.15	4.47	8.60	18.28
果枝数 FB	CK	8.00	1.00	7.00	9.00	8.96
	W1	7.00	1.00	6.00	9.00	10.56
	W2	7.00	0.00	6.00	8.00	6.42
株高 PH/cm	CK	54.53	4.62	46.07	68.10	8.47
	W1	38.72	4.38	31.35	46.05	11.31
	W2	48.39	3.68	42.10	56.50	7.60
开花数 FN	CK	2.00	1.00	1.00	3.00	23.04
	W1	2.00	0.00	1.00	2.00	16.32
	W2	2.00	0.00	1.00	3.00	20.20
棉铃数 BN	CK	7.00	1.00	5.00	10.00	18.49
	W1	6.00	1.00	3.00	9.00	24.14
	W2	6.00	1.00	3.00	9.00	24.38
上五果枝叶片数 LTFFBN	CK	9.00	1.00	7.00	11.00	9.59
	W1	7.00	1.00	6.00	8.00	9.24
	W2	7.00	1.00	6.00	9.00	12.17
主茎叶片数 MSLN	CK	10.00	2.00	8.00	12.00	16.93
	W1	9.00	1.00	7.00	10.00	12.54
	W2	9.00	1.00	7.00	11.00	9.51

性状 Trait	处理方式 Treatment	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	变异系数 CV/%
籽棉产量 CSY/g	CK	106.35	9.92	88.33	129.82	9.33
	W1	80.80	8.34	66.33	97.61	10.32
	W2	89.34	12.34	57.04	116.30	13.81
皮棉产量 CLY/g	CK	45.54	5.18	32.88	56.36	11.37
	W1	30.20	4.96	18.45	38.90	16.42
	W2	35.76	4.38	27.40	44.20	12.25
衣分 LP/%	CK	0.43	0.04	0.34	0.49	9.30
	W1	0.37	0.06	0.26	0.54	16.22
	W2	0.40	0.05	0.34	0.51	12.50
单株产量 YPP/g	CK	33.26	10.19	17.51	55.72	30.64
	W1	19.33	5.81	10.50	38.53	30.06
	W2	25.54	9.05	10.97	45.92	35.43