基于响应曲面法优化香菇热风干燥工艺参数

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.1035

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为确定香菇热风干燥的最佳工艺参数，以新鲜香菇为试验对象，开展多目标优化研究。以相对湿度、风速和单位载荷量为自变量，以干香菇的色差、水溶性蛋白含量和干燥时间为响应值，建立香菇热风干燥多目标综合评分模型，通过响应曲面法优化得到香菇热风干燥的最佳工艺参数。结果表明，色差为3.58、水溶性蛋白含量为46.39 mg·g^-1、干燥时间为12.5 h，干燥条件50 ℃时，最佳干燥工艺参数为相对湿度27.1%、风速5 m·s^-1、单位载荷量4 kg·m^-2；将优化目标的模型预测值与试验值相比较，平均相对误差仅为6.6%，最大相对误差为7.4%。研究结果表明，基于响应曲面法建立的综合评分预测模型不仅可用于香菇热风干燥过程，还为提高干香菇的营养和感官品质提供理论指导。

关键词: 香菇, 热风干燥, 干燥工艺, 响应曲面法, 品质

Abstract:

In order to determine the best process parameters for hot-air drying of Lentinus edodes， a multi-objective optimization was studied with fresh Lentinus edodes as the test object. Taking relative humidity， wind speed and unit load as independent variables， and the color difference， water-soluble protein content and drying time of dried mushrooms as response values， a multi-objective comprehensive scoring optimization model for hot air drying of mushrooms was established， and the best process parameters for hot air drying of mushrooms was obtain by response surface method. The results showed that when color difference was 3.58， water-soluble protein content was 46.39 mg·g^-1， drying time was 12.5 h， corresponding to the drying condition was 50 ℃， the best drying process parameters were relative humidity 27.1%， wind speed 5 m·s^-1， and the unit load 4 kg·m^-2； comparing the model prediction value of the optimization target with the experimental value， the average relative error was only 6.6%， and the maximum relative error was 7.4%. The results showed that the comprehensive scoring prediction model based on response surface method could not only be used in the hot-air drying process of Lentinus edodes， but also could provide theoretical guidance for improving the nutritional and sensory quality of dried Lentinus edodes.

Key words: Lentinus edodes, hot air drying, drying process, response surface method, quality

中图分类号:

S375

杨伊琳, 丁俊雄, 吴小华, 王鹏, 孙东亮, 于馨尧, 张振涛, 李栋. 基于响应曲面法优化香菇热风干燥工艺参数[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 154-164.

Yilin YANG, Junxiong DING, Xiaohua WU, Peng WANG, Dongliang SUN, Xinyao YU, Zhentao ZHANG, Dong LI. Optimization of Hot-air Drying Process Parameters of Lentinus edodes Based on Response Surface[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(6): 154-164.

图/表 15

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参数 Parameter	水平 Level
参数 Parameter	1	2	3	4
干燥温度 Drying temperature/℃	45	50	55	60
相对湿度 Relative humidity/%	25	30	35	40
风速 Wind speed/（m·s^-1）	2	3	4	5
单位载荷量 Unit load/（kg·m^-2）	2	4	6	8

参数 Parameter	水平 Level
参数 Parameter	1	2	3	4
干燥温度 Drying temperature/℃	45	50	55	60
相对湿度 Relative humidity/%	25	30	35	40
风速 Wind speed/（m·s^-1）	2	3	4	5
单位载荷量 Unit load/（kg·m^-2）	2	4	6	8

水平 Level	因素 Factor
水平 Level	X₁：相对湿度 Relative humidity/%	X₂：风速 Wind speed/（m·s^-1）	X₃：单位载荷量 Unit load/ （kg·m^-2）
-1	25	3	4
0	30	4	6
1	35	5	8

水平 Level	因素 Factor
水平 Level	X₁：相对湿度 Relative humidity/%	X₂：风速 Wind speed/（m·s^-1）	X₃：单位载荷量 Unit load/ （kg·m^-2）
-1	25	3	4
0	30	4	6
1	35	5	8

序号 Number	X₁	X₂	X₃	Y₁	Y₂/（mg·g^-1）	Y₃/h
1	0	-1	-1	3.56	45.15	15.00
2	-1	1	0	4.40	40.32	13.50
3	0	0	0	4.22	35.24	14.50
4	-1	-1	0	5.48	40.66	14.50
5	1	0	-1	3.87	42.40	13.50
6	0	0	0	3.92	38.72	13.50
7	1	1	0	3.38	37.85	15.00
8	0	1	-1	3.17	44.82	13.00
9	1	-1	0	3.95	51.05	16.50
10	-1	0	1	4.84	40.74	15.00
11	0	0	0	4.52	37.49	14.00
12	0	0	0	4.26	36.24	14.00
13	0	-1	1	5.02	51.77	16.00
14	1	0	1	3.67	42.34	17.00
15	0	1	1	4.04	47.68	14.00
16	-1	0	-1	4.36	42.14	12.50
17	0	0	0	4.17	38.11	14.00