Effects of Molybdenum and Zinc Nutrition on Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0370

Abstract

Abstract:

To research the effects of molybdenum and zinc nutrition on the physiological characteristics and quality of flue-cured tobacco， flue-cured tobacco line LY1306 was used as material. Field experiments were conducted to compare the effects of molybdenum and zinc nutrition on the activities of key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism， plastid pigment content， photosynthetic performance， chemical components and economic properties of flue-cured tobacco leaves by spraying clear water （CK）， 0.1% ammonium molybdate solution （T1）， 0.2% zinc sulfate solution （T2）， 0.1% ammonium molybdate solution + 0.2 % zinc sulfate solution （T3）. The results showed that compared with CK， T1， T2 and T3 treatments enhanced the activities of nitrate reductase （NR）， glutamine synthetase （GS） and sucrose invertase （INV） in different degrees during the development of flue-cured tobacco leaves， increased the net photosynthetic rate （P_n） and plastid pigment content of flue-cured tobacco， promoted the accumulation of dry matter in tobacco leaves， and significantly increased the yield， output value， average price and the proportion of superior tobacco leaves. At the same time， each treatment also significantly increased the total sugar， reducing sugar and potassium content of flue-cured tobacco leaves， increased the sugar alkali ratio and potassium chloride ratio of tobacco leaves， and improved the coordination of chemical components of tobacco leaves. T3 treatment was the best in all indexes. In conclusion， the combined application of molybdenum and zinc had the best effect in improving the carbon and nitrogen metabolism intensity and photosynthetic performance of flue-cured tobacco， coordinating the chemical composition of tobacco leaves and improving the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The results provided theoretical basis for the rational application of molybdenum and zinc nutrition in flue-cured tobacco production.

Key words: molybdenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, flue-cured tobacco, physiological characteristics, quality

摘要：

为探究钼、锌营养对烤烟生理特性及品质的影响，以烤烟品系LY1306为试验材料，采用大田试验，设置叶面喷施清水（CK）、0.1%钼酸铵溶液（T1）、0.2%硫酸锌溶液（T2）、0.1%钼酸铵溶液+0.2%硫酸锌溶液（T3）共4个处理，比较钼锌营养对烤烟叶片碳氮代谢关键酶活性、质体色素含量、光合性能、烤后烟叶化学成分及经济性状的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，T1、T2、T3处理均不同程度增强烤烟叶片发育过程中硝酸还原酶（nitrate reductase， NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（glutamine synthetase， GS）和蔗糖转化酶（sucrose invertase， INV）活性，提高烤烟净光合速率（net photosynthetic rate，P_n）及质体色素含量，促进烟叶干物质积累，并显著提高烟叶产量、产值、均价及上等烟比例；同时各处理还明显提高烤后烟叶总糖、还原糖和钾含量，提高烟叶糖碱比和钾氯比，改善烟叶化学成分的协调性；各项指标均以T3处理效果最佳。综上所述，钼锌配施最有利于提高烤烟碳氮代谢强度和光合性能，协调烟叶化学成分，改善烟叶品质，为钼锌营养在烤烟生产中的合理应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 钼肥, 锌肥, 烤烟, 生理特性, 品质

CLC Number:

S572

Yongyan LIU, Zhengxiong SONG, Jiawei JIN, Jing WANG, Min XU, Junxue ZHOU, Zhanmin LI, Shimin ZHAO, Yunpeng FU, Xiaoyan DAI. Effects of Molybdenum and Zinc Nutrition on Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(6): 216-224.

刘咏艳, 宋正熊, 金佳威, 王静, 徐敏, 周俊学, 李占民, 赵世民, 符云鹏, 代晓燕. 钼锌营养对烤烟生理特性及品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 216-224.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Accumulation of leaves dry matter during flue-cured tobacco growth under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 2 NR activity in leaves during flue-cured tobacco growth under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 3 GS activity in leaves during flue-cured tobacco growth under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 4 INV activity in leaves during flue-cured tobacco growth under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 5 Plastid pigment content in leaves during flue-cured tobacco growth under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 6 Photosynthetic performance in leaves during flue-cured tobacco growth under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters in the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level.

Table 1 Chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves with different treatments

处理Treatment	总糖 Total sugar/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/%	总氮 Total nitrogen/%	烟碱Nicotine/%	钾 Potassium/%	氯 Chlorine/%	糖碱比 Ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine	钾氯比 Ratio of potassium to chloride
CK	19.23±0.32 c	18.70±0.27 b	2.06±0.17 a	2.28±0.14 a	1.02±0.07 b	0.56±0.07 a	8.20±0.06 c	1.82±0.01 c
T1	22.49±0.20 b	21.82±0.57 a	2.11±0.17 a	2.32±0.15 a	1.27±0.07 a	0.53±0.06 a	9.41±0.06 b	2.37±0.10 b
T2	22.24±0.18 b	21.38±0.53 a	2.08±0.17 a	2.19±0.10 a	1.14±0.07 ab	0.53±0.05 a	9.78±0.11 b	2.16±0.09 b
T3	24.54±0.57 a	22.49±0.72 a	1.93±0.17 a	2.13±0.13 a	1.33±0.07 a	0.46±0.05 a	10.55±0.26 a	2.88±0.10 a

Table 2 Economic characters in flue-cured tobacco leaves with different treatments

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield/（kg·hm^-2）	产值/（元·hm^-2） Output value /（yuan·hm^-2）	上等烟比例 Proportion of high class leaf/%	均价/（元·kg^-1） Average price/（yuan·kg^-1）
CK	2 455.83±8.21 b	50 496.67±671.17 d	52.00±0.58 d	20.56±0.21 c
T1	2 660.83±5.83 a	58 703.92±405.54 b	57.00±0.58 b	22.06±0.14 b
T2	2 638.80±17.36 a	56 824.26±467.96 c	54.00±0.58 c	21.69±0.18 b
T3	2 671.86±6.52 a	62 220.76±314.93 a	60.33±0.33 a	23.29±0.09 a

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