中国农业科技导报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 1-10.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0305
• 农业创新论坛 •
收稿日期:
2023-04-17
接受日期:
2023-08-25
出版日期:
2024-05-15
发布日期:
2024-05-14
通讯作者:
杨艳涛
作者简介:
曹炎 E-mail:cyjy3020000@163.com;
基金资助:
Yan CAO(), Yantao YANG(
), Guogang WANG
Received:
2023-04-17
Accepted:
2023-08-25
Online:
2024-05-15
Published:
2024-05-14
Contact:
Yantao YANG
摘要:
玉米是我国第一大粮食作物,对我国粮食安全影响深远。依据重心模型,运用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)测算了1999—2022年我国玉米生产重心与消费重心的移动方向、距离、速度等变化特征,利用耦合模型分析玉米生产与消费的空间匹配性,并结合自然、经济、政治等因素,研究其变动原因。结果表明,1999—2022年我国玉米生产重心整体呈现从西南-东北移动的特点,共移动了148.55 km,平均移动速度为6.46 km·a-1;玉米消费重心总体呈现从西南-东北-东南-西南-东北环形变动的特点,阶段性特征明显;生产与消费重心的耦合距离呈先升高后降低的总体特点,但增幅远大于降幅。耦合距离由471.02 km(1999年)变为513.02 km(2022年),其中2013年二者的重心耦合距离达最大值,为557.91 km。2020年以来,玉米生产与消费的耦合距离又出现增加趋势,空间匹配性再度下降,为新时代粮食安全带来了挑战。因此,提出优化玉米区域利益协调机制、构建多主体利益联结机制和支持政策体系、优化玉米区域生产与消费空间格局、实施区域差异性的粮食政策等政策建议。
中图分类号:
曹炎, 杨艳涛, 王国刚. 我国玉米生产与消费时空格局演变及匹配性分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(5): 1-10.
Yan CAO, Yantao YANG, Guogang WANG. Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution and Matching Analysis of Maize Production and Consumption in China[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(5): 1-10.
图1 我国玉米生产重心运动轨迹注:该图基于自然资源部地图技术审查中心标准地图服务网站下载的审图号为GS(2019)1822号的标准地图制作,底图无修改。
Fig. 1 Moving trajectory of maize production center of gravity in ChinaNote: The map is based on the standard map of GSGS(2019)1822 downloaded from the standard map service website of the Map Technology Review Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the base map is not modified.
年份 Year | 生产重心 Production gravity center | 移动距离 Movement distance/km | 移动方向 Moving direction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
经度 Longitude/(°) | 纬度 Latitude/(°) | 年际 Interannual | 东西向 East-west | 南北向 North-south | ||
1999 | 115.34 | 38.16 | — | — | — | — |
2000 | 114.18 | 37.16 | 169.55 | 128.89 | 110.17 | 西南Southwest |
2001 | 114.90 | 37.68 | 98.92 | 80.33 | 57.72 | 东北Northeast |
2002 | 115.04 | 38.01 | 39.79 | 15.44 | 36.67 | 东北Northeast |
2003 | 115.03 | 38.19 | 19.42 | 1.22 | 19.38 | 西北Northwest |
2004 | 115.13 | 38.21 | 11.28 | 11.00 | 2.51 | 东南Southeast |
2005 | 115.08 | 38.17 | 6.59 | 5.22 | 4.02 | 东北Northeast |
2006 | 115.66 | 38.62 | 81.14 | 64.44 | 49.30 | 东北Northeast |
2007 | 115.30 | 38.45 | 44.30 | 40.11 | 18.80 | 西南Southwest |
2008 | 115.46 | 38.77 | 39.75 | 18.00 | 35.44 | 东北Northeast |
2009 | 115.03 | 38.58 | 52.69 | 48.44 | 20.73 | 西南Southwest |
2010 | 115.18 | 38.89 | 37.70 | 16.78 | 33.77 | 东北Northeast |
2011 | 115.56 | 39.18 | 53.35 | 42.22 | 32.61 | 东北Northeast |
2012 | 115.49 | 39.25 | 10.25 | 7.11 | 7.38 | 西北Northwest |
2013 | 115.53 | 39.51 | 29.69 | 3.67 | 29.47 | 东北Northeast |
2014 | 115.44 | 39.49 | 9.97 | 9.67 | 2.46 | 东南Southeast |
2015 | 115.57 | 39.56 | 16.41 | 14.22 | 8.19 | 东北Northeast |
2016 | 115.77 | 39.33 | 34.64 | 23.00 | 25.90 | 西北Northwest |
2017 | 115.71 | 39.25 | 11.02 | 7.22 | 8.32 | 西南Southwest |
2018 | 115.55 | 39.36 | 20.92 | 17.11 | 12.03 | 东南Southeast |
2019 | 115.68 | 39.45 | 16.79 | 13.89 | 9.43 | 东北Northeast |
2020 | 115.38 | 39.29 | 37.44 | 33.22 | 17.27 | 西南Southwest |
2021 | 115.56 | 39.57 | 37.04 | 20.33 | 30.96 | 东北Northeast |
2022 | 115.49 | 39.48 | 12.64 | 8.22 | 9.60 | 西南Southwest |
表1 1999—2022年我国玉米生产重心变化
Table 1 Change in the production gravity center of maize in China from 1999 to 2022
年份 Year | 生产重心 Production gravity center | 移动距离 Movement distance/km | 移动方向 Moving direction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
经度 Longitude/(°) | 纬度 Latitude/(°) | 年际 Interannual | 东西向 East-west | 南北向 North-south | ||
1999 | 115.34 | 38.16 | — | — | — | — |
2000 | 114.18 | 37.16 | 169.55 | 128.89 | 110.17 | 西南Southwest |
2001 | 114.90 | 37.68 | 98.92 | 80.33 | 57.72 | 东北Northeast |
2002 | 115.04 | 38.01 | 39.79 | 15.44 | 36.67 | 东北Northeast |
2003 | 115.03 | 38.19 | 19.42 | 1.22 | 19.38 | 西北Northwest |
2004 | 115.13 | 38.21 | 11.28 | 11.00 | 2.51 | 东南Southeast |
2005 | 115.08 | 38.17 | 6.59 | 5.22 | 4.02 | 东北Northeast |
2006 | 115.66 | 38.62 | 81.14 | 64.44 | 49.30 | 东北Northeast |
2007 | 115.30 | 38.45 | 44.30 | 40.11 | 18.80 | 西南Southwest |
2008 | 115.46 | 38.77 | 39.75 | 18.00 | 35.44 | 东北Northeast |
2009 | 115.03 | 38.58 | 52.69 | 48.44 | 20.73 | 西南Southwest |
2010 | 115.18 | 38.89 | 37.70 | 16.78 | 33.77 | 东北Northeast |
2011 | 115.56 | 39.18 | 53.35 | 42.22 | 32.61 | 东北Northeast |
2012 | 115.49 | 39.25 | 10.25 | 7.11 | 7.38 | 西北Northwest |
2013 | 115.53 | 39.51 | 29.69 | 3.67 | 29.47 | 东北Northeast |
2014 | 115.44 | 39.49 | 9.97 | 9.67 | 2.46 | 东南Southeast |
2015 | 115.57 | 39.56 | 16.41 | 14.22 | 8.19 | 东北Northeast |
2016 | 115.77 | 39.33 | 34.64 | 23.00 | 25.90 | 西北Northwest |
2017 | 115.71 | 39.25 | 11.02 | 7.22 | 8.32 | 西南Southwest |
2018 | 115.55 | 39.36 | 20.92 | 17.11 | 12.03 | 东南Southeast |
2019 | 115.68 | 39.45 | 16.79 | 13.89 | 9.43 | 东北Northeast |
2020 | 115.38 | 39.29 | 37.44 | 33.22 | 17.27 | 西南Southwest |
2021 | 115.56 | 39.57 | 37.04 | 20.33 | 30.96 | 东北Northeast |
2022 | 115.49 | 39.48 | 12.64 | 8.22 | 9.60 | 西南Southwest |
年份 Year | 生产重心 Consumption gravity center | 移动距离 Movement distance/km | 移动方向 Moving direction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
经度 Longitude/(°) | 纬度 Latitude/(°) | 年际 Interannual | 东西向 East-west | 南北向 North-south | ||
1999 | 114.23 | 34.06 | — | — | — | — |
2000 | 114.19 | 34.20 | 15.63 | 4.78 | 14.88 | 西北Northwest |
2001 | 114.25 | 34.32 | 15.66 | 6.78 | 14.12 | 东北Northeast |
2000 | 114.41 | 34.50 | 26.55 | 17.89 | 19.62 | 东北Northeast |
2003 | 114.55 | 34.66 | 23.46 | 15.44 | 17.66 | 东北Northeast |
2004 | 114.83 | 34.98 | 47.52 | 30.89 | 36.11 | 东北Northeast |
2005 | 114.90 | 35.11 | 15.73 | 8.11 | 13.48 | 东北Northeast |
2006 | 114.97 | 35.20 | 13.06 | 7.33 | 10.81 | 东北Northeast |
2007 | 115.02 | 34.79 | 45.79 | 6.11 | 45.38 | 东南Southeast |
2008 | 115.02 | 34.53 | 29.06 | 0.33 | 29.06 | 西南Southwest |
2009 | 115.10 | 34.56 | 9.54 | 8.89 | 3.47 | 东北Northeast |
2010 | 115.16 | 34.56 | 6.61 | 6.56 | 0.82 | 西北Northwest |
2011 | 115.16 | 34.39 | 18.94 | 0.44 | 18.93 | 东南Southeast |
2012 | 114.91 | 34.25 | 31.31 | 27.22 | 15.47 | 西南Southwest |
2013 | 114.63 | 34.07 | 36.73 | 31.11 | 19.53 | 西南Southwest |
2014 | 114.66 | 34.30 | 25.04 | 3.00 | 24.86 | 东北Northeast |
2015 | 114.63 | 34.35 | 6.38 | 2.67 | 5.80 | 东南Southeast |
2016 | 114.71 | 34.36 | 8.66 | 8.44 | 1.91 | 东北Northeast |
2017 | 114.78 | 34.38 | 8.41 | 8.22 | 1.77 | 东北Northeast |
2018 | 114.91 | 34.56 | 24.98 | 14.44 | 20.38 | 东北Northeast |
2019 | 114.91 | 34.79 | 25.61 | 0.44 | 25.61 | 东南Southeast |
2020 | 114.92 | 35.05 | 28.97 | 0.56 | 28.97 | 东北Northeast |
2021 | 114.92 | 35.01 | 4.55 | 0.33 | 4.53 | 西北Northwest |
2022 | 114.83 | 34.91 | 14.61 | 9.44 | 11.14 | 西南Southwest |
表2 1999—2022年我国玉米消费重心变化
Table 2 Change in the consumption gravity center of maize in China from 1999 to 2022
年份 Year | 生产重心 Consumption gravity center | 移动距离 Movement distance/km | 移动方向 Moving direction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
经度 Longitude/(°) | 纬度 Latitude/(°) | 年际 Interannual | 东西向 East-west | 南北向 North-south | ||
1999 | 114.23 | 34.06 | — | — | — | — |
2000 | 114.19 | 34.20 | 15.63 | 4.78 | 14.88 | 西北Northwest |
2001 | 114.25 | 34.32 | 15.66 | 6.78 | 14.12 | 东北Northeast |
2000 | 114.41 | 34.50 | 26.55 | 17.89 | 19.62 | 东北Northeast |
2003 | 114.55 | 34.66 | 23.46 | 15.44 | 17.66 | 东北Northeast |
2004 | 114.83 | 34.98 | 47.52 | 30.89 | 36.11 | 东北Northeast |
2005 | 114.90 | 35.11 | 15.73 | 8.11 | 13.48 | 东北Northeast |
2006 | 114.97 | 35.20 | 13.06 | 7.33 | 10.81 | 东北Northeast |
2007 | 115.02 | 34.79 | 45.79 | 6.11 | 45.38 | 东南Southeast |
2008 | 115.02 | 34.53 | 29.06 | 0.33 | 29.06 | 西南Southwest |
2009 | 115.10 | 34.56 | 9.54 | 8.89 | 3.47 | 东北Northeast |
2010 | 115.16 | 34.56 | 6.61 | 6.56 | 0.82 | 西北Northwest |
2011 | 115.16 | 34.39 | 18.94 | 0.44 | 18.93 | 东南Southeast |
2012 | 114.91 | 34.25 | 31.31 | 27.22 | 15.47 | 西南Southwest |
2013 | 114.63 | 34.07 | 36.73 | 31.11 | 19.53 | 西南Southwest |
2014 | 114.66 | 34.30 | 25.04 | 3.00 | 24.86 | 东北Northeast |
2015 | 114.63 | 34.35 | 6.38 | 2.67 | 5.80 | 东南Southeast |
2016 | 114.71 | 34.36 | 8.66 | 8.44 | 1.91 | 东北Northeast |
2017 | 114.78 | 34.38 | 8.41 | 8.22 | 1.77 | 东北Northeast |
2018 | 114.91 | 34.56 | 24.98 | 14.44 | 20.38 | 东北Northeast |
2019 | 114.91 | 34.79 | 25.61 | 0.44 | 25.61 | 东南Southeast |
2020 | 114.92 | 35.05 | 28.97 | 0.56 | 28.97 | 东北Northeast |
2021 | 114.92 | 35.01 | 4.55 | 0.33 | 4.53 | 西北Northwest |
2022 | 114.83 | 34.91 | 14.61 | 9.44 | 11.14 | 西南Southwest |
图2 我国玉米消费重心移动轨迹注:该图基于自然资源部地图技术审查中心标准地图服务网站下载的审图号为GS(2019)1822号的标准地图制作,底图无修改。
Fig. 2 Moving trajectory of maize consumption gravity center in ChinaNote: The map is based on the standard map of GSGS(2019)1822 downloaded from the standard map service website of the Map Technology Review Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the base map is not modified.
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全文 101
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摘要 238
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