Abstract:

To study the effects of foliar spraying of different selenium fertilizer on the selenium content and speciation， components of rice， Jingliangyou 1468 was selected to conduct the field experiments， with the inorganic selenium and nano selenium application treatments as experimental groups while water spraying as the control group（CK）. The differences in selenium content and speciation of various parts of rice among different treatments were determined and analyzed， as wall as the components of rice. The results showed that there were significant differences in the accumulation of selenium in various parts of rice， and the enrichment pattern of selenium in rice was as follows： root>stem and leaf>unpolished rice>rice husk. After spraying inorganic selenium and nano selenium， the selenium content of rice increased by 93.4% and 132.5%， respectively， compared to CK. There were differences in the forms of selenium in different parts of rice at the maturity stage， mainly in the form of organic selenium， among which selenomethionine （SeMet） accounted for the highest proportion， ranging from 47.0% to 84.5%. After spraying inorganic selenium and nano selenium， the organic selenium content of rice paddy significantly increased by 84.0% and 129.7%， respectively， compared to CK. Compared with CK， the 2 kinds of selenium had no significant effect on the amylose and protein contents of rice， while the arsenic content of rice decreased by 56.9% and 61.8%， the mercury content decreased by 79.7% and 54.2%， and the lead content decreased by 25.0% and 27.2%， respectively. In summary， the application of inorganic selenium and nano selenium increased the total selenium and organic selenium contents in rice. Compared to inorganic selenium， treatment with nano-selenium could lead to a higher content of organic selenium in rice. Moreover， these 2 kinds of selenium application had no effect on the amylose and protein contents of rice， but they both contributed to further reducing the arsenic， lead， and mercury contents of rice. Therefore， nano selenium as a fertilizer in producing selenium-enriched rice might resulted in better health effects， which provided theoretical foundation for the production of selenium-enriched rice.

Key words: rice, foliar spraying, selenium fertilizer, field experiment, selenium speciation

摘要：

为研究叶面喷施不同硒肥处理对水稻硒含量及硒形态和稻米组分的影响，选用晶两优1468进行田间试验，设置无机硒和纳米硒2个施硒处理，以喷施清水为对照（CK），测定并分析各处理间水稻各部位硒含量及硒形态差异，并对稻米的组分进行比较。结果表明，水稻各个部位对硒的积累存在显著差异，硒在水稻中的富集表现为根>茎叶>稻米>稻壳。喷施无机硒、纳米硒后，水稻稻米硒含量相较于CK分别上升93.4％、132.5%。成熟期水稻不同部位的硒形态存在差异，主要以有机硒的形态存在，其中硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet）占比最高，达47.0%~84.5%。喷施无机硒、纳米硒后，水稻稻米有机硒含量相较于CK分别显著上升84.0％、129.7%。相较于CK，2种硒对稻米的直链淀粉和蛋白质含量均无显著影响，而稻米中的砷含量分别降低56.9%、61.8%，汞含量分别降低79.7%、54.2%，铅含量分别降低25.0%、27.2%。综上可知，施用无机硒、纳米硒可以提高稻米中总硒含量及有机硒含量，相比无机硒，纳米硒处理可使稻米中含有更高比例的有机硒，且这2种施硒处理基本不影响稻米的直链淀粉和蛋白质含量，但有利于进一步降低稻米的砷、铅、汞含量，因此纳米硒在生产富硒大米中会产生更好的健康效应。研究结果为富硒大米生产实践提供了理论参考。

关键词: 水稻, 叶面喷施, 硒肥, 田间试验, 硒形态