Study on Differences in Nitrogen Absorption and Assimilation among Tobacco Varieties

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0426

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the changes of nitrogen metabolism characteristics of tobacco under different nitrogen nutrition， tobacco varieties of NC89 and Zhongyan 100 were used as materials， and 2 nitrogen levels including high nitrogen（5.0 mmol·L^-1）and low nitrogen （0.1 mmol·L^-1） were set. The expression levels of nitrate transporter genes in roots and key enzyme genes of nitrogen metabolism in leaves were determined， and other physiological indexes of nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants， carbon and nitrogen contents in aboveground and underground parts of tobacco， dry matter weight and root morphology were determined. The results showed that under low nitrogen conditions， the expression levels of NtNRT1.1 and NtNRT1.2 genes in Zhongyan 100 were significantly higher than those in NC89， while NtNRT2.3 was highly expressed in the roots of NC89； the NO $3 -$ content in leaves， soluble protein content and carbon nitrogen ratio of underground part of NC89 were significantly higher than those of Zhongyan 100. Under 2 nitrogen conditions， the expression levels of NtNIA1， NtNIA2 and NtGS1 genes in NC89 leaves were significantly higher than those in Zhongyan 100. The glutamine synthetase activities， NO $3 -$ content in roots， chlorophyll content and root morphology indicators were significantly better than those in Zhongyan 100. Above results showed that NC89 was superior to Zhongyan100 in nitrogen nutrition and carbon synthesis， which could lay the theoretical foundation on revealing the molecular mechanism of nitrogen metabolism of tobacco.

Key words: tobacco, nitrogen nutrition, nitrogen metabolism, gene expression, enzymatic activity

摘要：

为探究不同氮营养条件下烟草氮代谢特性的变化，以烤烟品种NC89和中烟100为试验材料，设置高氮（5.0 mmol·L^-1）和低氮（0.1 mmol·L^-1）2个氮素水平，通过测定2个氮素水平下各品种根系中硝酸盐转运蛋白基因与叶片中氮代谢关键调控酶基因表达水平及氮代谢关键酶活性、氮素营养状况、碳氮元素含量、干物质量、根系形态变化等指标，探究不同氮效率烤烟品种间的氮素吸收与同化能力的差异。结果表明，低氮条件下，中烟100的NtNRT1.1和NtNRT1.2基因表达量显著高于NC89，而NtNRT2.3基因则相反，NC89叶片硝酸盐（NO $3 -$ ）和可溶性蛋白含量及地下部分碳氮比值均显著高于中烟100；在2种氮素条件下，NC89叶片中NtNIA1、NtNIA2和NtGS1基因的表达水平显著高于中烟100，谷氨酰胺合成酶活性以及根系NO $3 -$ 、叶绿素含量和根系形态指标显著优于中烟100。综上，NC89氮素营养状况优于中烟100，且在碳物质合成方面具有优势。以上研究结果为深入解析烟草氮代谢分子机制奠定理论基础。

关键词: 烟草, 氮营养, 氮代谢, 基因表达, 酶活性

CLC Number:

S572

Huabing LIU, Wei DANG, Qi LI, Xiaobing ZHANG, Zhiqiang XU, Yongjian ZHONG, Zhiguang REN, Yonggang ZHANG, Kailong YUAN, Hao YANG, Hui WANG, Jutao SUN. Study on Differences in Nitrogen Absorption and Assimilation among Tobacco Varieties[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(11): 66-78.

刘化冰, 党伟, 李奇, 张晓兵, 徐志强, 钟永健, 任志广, 张勇刚, 袁凯龙, 杨浩, 王辉, 孙聚涛. 烟草品种间氮素吸收和同化差异研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(11): 66-78.

Figures/Tables 11

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基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	引物序列 Primer sequence （5’-3’）
NtActin	LOC107809070	F：TACTTACTGAACGACCCTTGAATCC
NtActin	LOC107809070	R：GATCACGAGCAGCAAGATCCAAC
NtNRT1.1	LOC107792216	F：CCACTATTCAAGCCATGGGTGTT
NtNRT1.1	LOC107792216	R：GCGCCGTCATGTATAGTGCT
NtNRT1.2	LOC107814217	F：GGTATCTTTGCCACTGTTCA
NtNRT1.2	LOC107814217	R：CAGCATCGTCGAATTGGTCG
NtNRT2.1	LOC107808057	F：CTATTGGTGCTCAAGCTGCA
NtNRT2.1	LOC107808057	R：CGTGAAGAACAACAGTTGT
NtNRT2.3	LOC107818120	F：TTTTGGGGTTGAACTCACTGT
NtNRT2.3	LOC107818120	R：CTTCCCCTCATTCCGAACCTT
NtNIA1	LOC107823732	F：CGGTGGTTCTGACAGCATTC
NtNIA1	LOC107823732	R：CCTGAATTCCTCCAATAGCTTCT
NtNIA2	LOC107785409	F：TGGTGGGACTGACAGCATTC
NtNIA2	LOC107785409	R：AATCCTGAAATCCTCCAAGAGC
NtGS1	LOC107777858	F：TACTCCTGCTGGCGAGCCT
NtGS1	LOC107777858	R：CTCCAATAGGCCACGCTAGA
NtGS2	LOC107802035	F：GATCGGAGGATCTGGAATTGA
NtGS2	LOC107802035	R：TGTCTTCTCCAGGTGCTTGTC

基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	引物序列 Primer sequence （5’-3’）
NtActin	LOC107809070	F：TACTTACTGAACGACCCTTGAATCC
NtActin	LOC107809070	R：GATCACGAGCAGCAAGATCCAAC
NtNRT1.1	LOC107792216	F：CCACTATTCAAGCCATGGGTGTT
NtNRT1.1	LOC107792216	R：GCGCCGTCATGTATAGTGCT
NtNRT1.2	LOC107814217	F：GGTATCTTTGCCACTGTTCA
NtNRT1.2	LOC107814217	R：CAGCATCGTCGAATTGGTCG
NtNRT2.1	LOC107808057	F：CTATTGGTGCTCAAGCTGCA
NtNRT2.1	LOC107808057	R：CGTGAAGAACAACAGTTGT
NtNRT2.3	LOC107818120	F：TTTTGGGGTTGAACTCACTGT
NtNRT2.3	LOC107818120	R：CTTCCCCTCATTCCGAACCTT
NtNIA1	LOC107823732	F：CGGTGGTTCTGACAGCATTC
NtNIA1	LOC107823732	R：CCTGAATTCCTCCAATAGCTTCT
NtNIA2	LOC107785409	F：TGGTGGGACTGACAGCATTC
NtNIA2	LOC107785409	R：AATCCTGAAATCCTCCAAGAGC
NtGS1	LOC107777858	F：TACTCCTGCTGGCGAGCCT
NtGS1	LOC107777858	R：CTCCAATAGGCCACGCTAGA
NtGS2	LOC107802035	F：GATCGGAGGATCTGGAATTGA
NtGS2	LOC107802035	R：TGTCTTCTCCAGGTGCTTGTC

品种 Cultivar	氮水平 Nitrogen level	总根长 Total root length/mm	根系体积 Root volume/mm³	根系总表面积 Total surface area of roots/mm²	根系平均直径 Roots average diameter/ mm	根尖数 Root tips number
NC89	T1	7 281.05±114.15 bB	70 455.77±14 635.79 aA	46 288.83±5 255.66 aA	1.91±0.19 aA	1 321.00±104.50 bB
NC89	T2	13 605.20±1 110.82 aA	30 757.71±12 054.50 bAB	43 053.53±6 187.31 aA	0.96±0.16 bB	2 444.00±32.33 aA
ZY100	T1	2 275.97±799.99 cB	9 660.89±5 921.07 bB	9 216.48±4 279.77 bB	1.19±0.18 bAB	626.33±113.35 cB
ZY100	T2	3 812.00±688.29 bcB	1 926.73±637.76 cB	6 017.40±1 295.37 bB	0.49±0.05 cB	1 210.33±268.77 bB

品种 Cultivar	氮水平 Nitrogen level	总根长 Total root length/mm	根系体积 Root volume/mm³	根系总表面积 Total surface area of roots/mm²	根系平均直径 Roots average diameter/ mm	根尖数 Root tips number
NC89	T1	7 281.05±114.15 bB	70 455.77±14 635.79 aA	46 288.83±5 255.66 aA	1.91±0.19 aA	1 321.00±104.50 bB
NC89	T2	13 605.20±1 110.82 aA	30 757.71±12 054.50 bAB	43 053.53±6 187.31 aA	0.96±0.16 bB	2 444.00±32.33 aA
ZY100	T1	2 275.97±799.99 cB	9 660.89±5 921.07 bB	9 216.48±4 279.77 bB	1.19±0.18 bAB	626.33±113.35 cB
ZY100	T2	3 812.00±688.29 bcB	1 926.73±637.76 cB	6 017.40±1 295.37 bB	0.49±0.05 cB	1 210.33±268.77 bB

品种 Variety	氮水平 Nitrogen lever	植物氮素积累量 Total nitrogen accumulation/ （mg·plant^-1）	植物碳素积累量 Total carbon accumulation/ （mg·plant^-1）	不同部位氮素积累量 Nitrogen accumulation in different parts/（mg·plant^-1）		不同部位碳素积累量 Carbon accumulation in different parts/（mg·plant^-1）		不同部位氮素分配比例 Nitrogen distribution ratios in different parts/%		不同部位碳素分配比例 Carbon distribution ratios in different parts/%
品种 Variety	氮水平 Nitrogen lever	植物氮素积累量 Total nitrogen accumulation/ （mg·plant^-1）	植物碳素积累量 Total carbon accumulation/ （mg·plant^-1）	地下部 Underground part	地上部 Aboveground part	地下部 Underground part	地上部 Aboveground part	地下部 Underground part	地上部 Aboveground part	地下部 Underground part	地上部 Aboveground part
NC89	T1	162.11±11.47 aA	1 003.48±73.69 aA	11.83±0.61 aA	150.28±11.85 aA	96.62±5.22 bAB	906.85±72.29 aA	7.33±0.84 bB	92.67±0.84 aA	9.66±0.77 cB	90.34±0.77 aA
NC89	T2	47.11±9.56 cC	623.31±119.29 bB	9.19±2.05 bAB	37.92±8.15 cC	149.7±33.45 aA	473.61±98.4 cB	19.66±3.02 aA	80.34±3.02 bB	24.17±3.80 aA	75.83±3.80 cB
ZY100	T1	107.52±27.97 bB	778.14±101.15 bAB	8.03±0.72 bAB	99.49±28.67 bB	73.14±7.88 bB	704.99±107.75 bAB	7.91±2.62 bB	92.09±2.62 aA	9.57±2.05 cB	90.43±2.05 aA
ZY100	T2	43.41±9.7 cC	613.01±87.74 bB	7.02±1.44 bB	36.39±8.93 cC	99.54±22.5 bAB	513.47±75.29 cB	16.40±2.83 aA	83.60±2.83 bB	16.22±2.66 bB	83.78±2.66 bA