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Global Genetically Modified Crop Industrialization Trends in 2022 Haohui LI, Caiyue LIU, Haiwen ZHANG, Xujing WANG, Qiaoling TANG, Youhua WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 6-16.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0756 Abstract （1593）   HTML （79）    PDF （752KB）（832）       Knowledge map    Save Since the commercialization of genetically modified （GM） crops in 1996， their industrial applications have developed rapidly in worldwide with increasing planting area and crop types， which have significant economic and social benefits. This paper analyzed the global situation of GM crops cultivation in 2022， and the development trends of major countries and regions planting GM crops. In 2022， the planting area of GM crops accounted for about 12% of the total arable land area with an increase of 3.3%. The number of the countries approved to cultivate GM crops increased to 29， and 71 countries and regions approved the commercial application of GM products. Based on the planting area of GM crops， the GM corn and soybean were dominant， and the planting area of the GM crops with multiple traits was also constantly expanding. The industrial applications of GM crops will become new growth driver for agricultural production and economic development， and the applications and effects of GM crops will continuously increase with the iterative upgrading of bioengineering breeding technologies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Status of Pre-prepared Poultry Meat Dishes Industry， Influencing Factors and Promotion Strategies of Its Quality and Safety Shenghai HUANG, Xiujun TANG, Xiaoxu JIA, Lina MA, Yinyin LIU, Yushi GAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 133-140.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0543 Abstract （1467）   HTML （1）    PDF （519KB）（239）       Knowledge map    Save Pre-prepared poultry meat dishes plays an important role in improving people’s living standards， rural revitalization， standardization of the catering industry and high-quality development of the poultry industry. However， there are many unfavorable factors affecting the quality and safety during the production and consumption processes of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes. The factors that affect quality and safety in various aspects such as poultry breeding and slaughtering， processing and packaging， storage and transportation， sales and consumption of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes were analyzed. According to the establishment of poultry ecological breeding environment and input management， the construction of poultry slaughtering site and production management， the optimization of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes processing technology and the implementation of green label system， the selection of packaging materials and the application of packaging technology， the establishment of scientific management system and the application of information technology in storage and transportation， the improvement of sales management system and scientific guidance to consumers and so on， corresponding optimization strategies were proposed aiming to promote the improvements of quality and safety and the development of the pre-prepared poultry meat dishes industry， which provided a theoretical basis and model reference for rural revitalization， the solution of the problem of ‘agriculture， rural areas and farmers’， the development of poultry industry and catering industry， the needs of the people for a better life and the construction of ecological civilization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Amino Acid Content Analysis of Different Fresh Corn Varieties at Suitable Harvest Time Baishan LU, Hui DONG, Jiuran ZHAO, Li XU, Yanli FAN, Yaxing SHI, Ronghuan WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 132-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0680 Abstract （1295）   HTML （7）    PDF （544KB）（505）       Knowledge map    Save The amino acid content of 26 different fresh corn varieties was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， and the similarity between different types of fresh corn and WHO/FAO standard amino acid model value was compared， and the amino acid content was analyzed by amino acid ratio coefficient method. The results showed that，the total amino acid content of the tested fresh corn varieties ranged from 6.85 to 16.66 mg·g-1， and Jingketian 533 （16.66 mg·g-1）， Jingkenuo 623 （12.01 mg·g-1） and Nongkenuo 336 （14.44 mg·g-1） was higher than other varieties of sweet， waxy， sweet+waxy type， respectively. Essential amino acids accounted for 10.38%~22.43%， and Jingketian 816 （17.39%）， Jingkenuo 656 （22.43%） and Nongkeyu 368 （18.16%） was higher than other varieties of sweet， waxy， sweet+waxy type， respectively. Analysis of flavor amino acids showed the content of fresh and sweet amino acids of Jingketian 533 and Nongkenuo 336 were higher than that of other varieties. The content of methionine+cysteine was higher than that of WHO/FAO standard mode， while the content of other amino acids were lower than the standard amino acid model value， belonging to the relative lack of amino acids. There were 6 varieties with amino acid ratio coefficient score （SRC） more than 50， including sweet corn varieties Jingketian 183 （58.17）， Jingketian 608 （57.79）， Jingketian 533 （53.32） and Jingketian 816 （53.03）， sweet+waxy corn varieties Nongkeyu 368（51.05） and Nongkenuo 336 （50.63）， indicating that their protein nutritional value was balanced and easy to be absorbed and utilized by the human body. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Biocontrol Mechanism and Synergistic Disease Prevention of Trichoderma Xiao WEI, Chunxia CAO, Daye HUANG, Jingwu YAO, Qinfeng YUAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 126-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0524 Abstract （1289）   HTML （4）    PDF （551KB）（44）       Knowledge map    Save Trichoderma is a widely distributed filamentous fungus and widely used as a biological fungicide to control a variety of plant diseases in agriculture due to its excellent biocontrol potential. Trichoderma can reduce plant diseases caused by pathogens through different direct mechanisms （mycoparasitism and the production of cell wall degrading enzymes， antibiosis， competition for space or nutrients） or indirect mechanisms （induction of plant defense ）. Compound biocontrol agents have received increasing attention in recent years. Trichoderma can be used in combination with other biocontrol products to produce better biocontrol effects because of its resistance to chemical pesticides and compatibility with rhizosphere microorganisms. The related mechanisms of Trichoderma， including parasitism， antibiosis， nutrient competition and induction of plant resistance were summarized， and the current research progress were discussed. In addition， the research progress of synergistic disease prevention between Trichoderma and other microorganisms or non-biological （chemical fungicides， other substances） with disease prevention effect was reviewed， and the current research status and the subsequent development prospects of Trichoderma as a biological fungicide were explored. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Biological Characteristics of a Colletotrichum fructicola Causing Chestnut Internal Rot Disease Shifeng MU, Xiaolei WEN, Lina FENG, Dexuan ZHAO, Suhong GAO, Peng GAO, Huixia QI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 122-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0871 Abstract （1281）   HTML （4）    PDF （1614KB）（33）       Knowledge map    Save Chestnut internal rot is the main disease of chestnut during postharvest storage， which causes rot and mildew of chestnut kernel and brings huge economic losses to production. In order to clarify the pathogenic bacteria and its biological characteristics， the strain ZHZF21 was obtained by tissue isolation method. The strain was identified by morphological characteristics and ITS， TUB2 and CAL multi-gene sequence analysis. The pathogenicity of strain ZHZF21 was determined by mycelial inoculation method， and its biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that the colony of strain ZHZF21 was dark green ring concentric circles， with sexual and asexual reproduction stages. This strain was clustered with Colletotrichum fructicola numbered NDSTY31 in GenBank based on multi-gene sequences. Combined with colony morphological characteristics and molecular tree， strain ZHZF21 was preliminarily identified as Colletotrichum fructicola. The brown lesions after inoculation of strain ZHZF21 were consistent with the natural symptoms. The strain ZHZF21 could grow at 5~35 ℃， the optimum temperature was 25 ℃， the lethal temperature was 45~50 ℃， and the optimum pH was 6. Under the condition of full darkness， strain ZHZF21 grew fastest， the utilization rates of arabinose and yeast were the highest， the utilization rate of lactose was the lowest， and urea could hardly be used. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Research on Alleviating Obstacles of Continuous Cropping by Soil Sterilization and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Yaping FAN, Baiquan SONG, Changxian WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (10): 158-167.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0386 Abstract （1253）   HTML （4）    PDF （562KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save The continuous cropping obstacles have been widespread in horticultural production， and the reasons were complicated. It has done serious harm to the ecosystem consisting of soil， plants and rhizosphere microorganisms. The economical and convenient soil sterilization technologies effectively alleviate the obstacles， among the sterilization technologies， high temperature sterilization and reductive soil disinfestation improve soil environment. Meanwhile， symbiotic associations between arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi and plant root systems is helpful to reconstruction of rhizosphere ecosystems. Focused on the continuous cropping obstacles， this paper reviewed the effect of high temperature sterilization， reductive soil disinfestation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the obstacles alleviation and their mechanisms. Furthermore， meaningful research works in this field were prospected. The review provided a theoretical and technical basis for the alleviation of continuous cropping obstacles in horticultural production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Different Storage Temperatures on Quality of Jingcai 1 Watermelon Lanting XIANG, Shuhui SONG, Lijuan LIU, Xiaoling SHE, Jiahua ZHOU, Baogang WANG, Hong CHANG, Chao ZHANG, Daqi FU, Yunxiang WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 137-145.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0685 Abstract （1242）   HTML （0）    PDF （1639KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effect of storage temperature on Jingcai 1 watermelon， the fruits of Jingcai 1 watermelon were storaged under 5， 15 and 25 ℃. The firmness， rate of weight loss， chilling injury， soluble solids， pectin， cellulose， soluble sugar， organic acid， lycopene， β?-carotene and vitamin C contents were determined under different temperature treatments. The results showed that， with the storage extending， the weight loss rate of Jingcai 1 watermelon fruit increased， the fruit firmness decreased， the content of water-soluble pectin （WSP） increased， the sodium carbonate-soluble pectin （SSP） decreased， the vitamin C， lycopene and β?-carotene showed decreasing trend， the variation of soluble solids fluctuated within a small rage， the cellulose decreased at first and then increased， while the content of soluble sugar and organic acid showed different changing trends at different storage temperatures. When stored at 5 ℃， the vitamin C and soluble sugar of fruit could be high level， but a long-term storage would raise the chilling injury rate and cause gradual wastage of nutrients， resulting undoubtedly in loss of the edible and commercial values. When stored at 15 ℃， the contents of water， organic acids and cytochromes could be better maintained， giving watermelons better quality and flavor. When stored at 25 ℃， the quick loss of soluble sugar， organic acid and pectin of the fruit leaded to soft rot， depriving original flavors of watermelons and making it difficult to maintain its quality. Above results provided a theoretical basis for the commercialization of its storage， transportation and preservation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Insecticidal Activity Constituents and Mechanism of Artemisia annua Against Mythimna separate Chunyan LI, Qian LIANG, Chengxiang GAO, Zongsuo LIANG, Fang WANGA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (12): 129-137.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0589 Abstract （1198）   HTML （2）    PDF （1636KB）（51）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the insecticidal activity components and preliminary mechanism of the petroleum ether extract from Artemisia annua against Mythimna separata， the insecticidal activity of different fractions and main components were measured by insect immersion method. The petroleum ether extract was separated by column chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine its chemical components， and the target enzyme and metabolic enzyme activities in the body of Mythimna separata were measured for the active components. The results showed that the petroleum ether extract of Artemisia annua was separated by silica gel column chromatography， and 27 fractions were obtained， of which fraction 8 showed the best contact toxicity. According to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry， the main compounds were tridecane， 4-quinolinecarboxaldehyde， caryophyllene oxide， linoleic acid ethyl ester， linolenic acid ethyl ester with contents of 7.9%， 72.8%， 3.6%， 2.4%， 3.1%，respectively. The lethal concentration of 50% （LC50） of above 5 compounds on the 7th day were 7.9， 2.5， 3.6， 5.4 and 1.5 mg·mL-1， respectively， which indicated that ethyl linolenic acid had significant contact toxicity against M. separata. On the 7th day of treatment with 1.5 mg·mL-1 linolenic acid ethyl ester， the scanning electron microscopy results showed that the wax layer structure in the surface of M. separata were loosely， the wax layer particles disappeared significantly， and the wax flower gap increased. And the acetylcholinesterase （AChE） and carboxylesterase （CarE） of M. separata treated with 1.5 mg·mL-1 linolenic acid ethyl ester showed first activation and then inhibition， Na+-K+-ATPase showed inhibition over time， and catalase （CAT） showed first inhibition and then activation. To sum up， the linolenic acid ethyl ester was the main active compound of A. annua， which provided reference for the development of new plant-based insecticides and biological control of M. separata and the development and utilization of A.annua resources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the Growth-promoting Effect of Trichoderma harzianum on Tobacco and Its Induced Resistance to Black Shank Disease Junjia CHANG, Jiaxin GAI, Gang TAO, Zhuanlonghai MO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (10): 168-176.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0225 Abstract （1131）   HTML （3）    PDF （2248KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the growth-promoting effects of Trichoderma harzianum on tobacco and its induced resistance mechanisms against tobacco black shank disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae， 5 Trichoderma strains were screened. The results showed that the strain T. harzianum ACCC 32808 （TH32808） was demonstrated the strongest inhibition （62.00%） among 5 strains of Trichoderma. The growth-promoting effects of TH32808 on different tobacco varieties and its induced resistance against tobacco black shank disease were assessed. The results showed that， under pot condition， TH32808 exhibited different ability on promoting the growth of different tobacco varieties. Under TH32808 treatment， the fresh weight of Honghuadajinyuan increased by 8.30%， the control efficacy against black shank disease in Honghuadajinyuan was 51.74%. In Honghuadajinyuan and K326， the catalase activity peaked on the 4th day， reaching 1.42 and 2.15 times that of CK， the peroxidase activity peaked on the 2nd day， being 2.49 and 2.29 times that of CK， the superoxide dismutase activity peaked on the 4th day， reaching 1.17 and 1.15 times that of CK， respectively. Moreover， TH32808 could induce resistance against black shank disease， key genes involved in the metabolic pathways of salicylic acid， jasmonic acid and ethylene， such as NPR1， PDF1.2， EFE and NtSGT1， all exhibited an upregulation trend. Above results provided fungal resources and theoretical basis for the biological control and induced resistance research against black shank disease in tobacco. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of UV-visible Spectral Library in Recessive Screening of Pesticide Fungicides Ying CHEN, Xiaofeng LIU, Yiping CHEN, Liping LIAO, Hongtao FU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (12): 122-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0247 Abstract （1128）   HTML （1）    PDF （1444KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save To establish the ultraviolet-visible （UV-VIS） spectral library to quickly and accurately retrieve the hidden components added in the pesticide fungicide， with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase， the UV-VIS spectrograms of 98 conventional bactericide standards were separated and extracted by gradient elution using a high-performance liquid chromatograph， and the UV-VIS spectrograms of the standard substances were used to establish the UV-VIS spectrogram library. The target compound was matched according to the spectral similarity and the retention time of the standard sample， so as to retrieve the hidden components added in the pesticide preparation. 2 bactericides were used to verify the accuracy of the spectral library retrieval， and the results showed that the accuracy of the spectral library retrieval reached 100%. This method had the advantages of high accuracy， easy operation and low cost. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Nutritional Composition and Quality of Phallus impudicus L. from Different Producing Areas in Guizhou Yupeng LIU, Fang CHEN, Shuhong GU, Fang WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 143-153.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0461 Abstract （1125）   HTML （6）    PDF （1384KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save In order to analyze the nutritional compositions and quality differences of Phallus impudicus L. in Guizhou，the contents of amino acids， mineral elements， ash， fat， crude fiber and total sugar in dry Phallus impudicus L. from 4 producing areas were determined， the protein quality was evaluated by amino acid ratio coefficient method and the comprehensive quality was evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that， the contents of N， P， K and Ca， Cu， Fe， Mg， Zn were 18.70～22.45， 3.55～4.83， 29.63～39.64 g·kg-1 and 508.64～686.89，12.37～17.54，92.30～497.54，1.55～1.98，24.84～51.61 mg·kg-1， respectively. The contents of ash， fat， crude fiber and total sugar were 5.83%～6.27%， 0.83%～1.49%，0.25%～0.47%，28.92%～34.90%， respectively. 17 amino acids were detected in Phallus impudicus L. from different producing areas， content of Glu was the highest， the contents of essential amino acids， total amino acids were 4.24%～5.55%， 10.70%～12.93%， respectively. Dejiang had the highest index of all the above indicators. Amino acid evaluation results showed that Lys was the first limiting amino acid of Phallus impudicus L.， and the essential amino acid index （EAAI） values of Phallus impudicus L. from 4 producing area were all more than 1， which could be used as high quality protein source. The amino acid ratio coefficient score （SRCAA） value showed that Dejiang had the highest nutritional value of protein. The result of principal component analysis showed that Dejiang had the best quality whose comprehensive score was the highest. This study provided scientific basis for quality control， development and utilization of Phallus impudicus L. in Guizhou province. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Control Effect of Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes HEBRC45958 Strain on Corynespora Leaf Spot of Tomato Daye HUANG, Zhibin YU, Zhongyi WAN, Dan YANG, Jinping LI, Chunxia CAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 136-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0416 Abstract （1123）   HTML （1）    PDF （3075KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the control effect of Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes strain HEBRC45958 against Corynespora leaf spot of tomato， the antifungal activity was determined in vitro by using dual culture assay combined with microscope and scanning electron microscope observation. The siderophore production and the activities of hydrolases were also determined. The control effect of the fermentation broth of HEBRC45958 strain on Corynespora leaf spot of tomato was determined in pots. The results showed that the inhibition rate HEBRC45958 on Corynespora cassiicola was 52.65% in the dual culture. Compared with control， the mycelium treated with HEBRC45958 strain was distorted and cracked by scanning microscopy， and the space between the cell wall and cell membrane was widened by transmission electron microscopy. The HEBRC45958 strain could produce amylase， cellulase， chitinase and siderophore. The control effect of fermentation broth against Corynespora leaf spot of tomato was 100% in pot experiment， which showed that HEBRC45958 strain had a good prospect of biocontrol application for Corynespora leaf spot of tomato. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Exogenous NO on Expression of Tomato Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Under Tomato Yellowing Leaf Curl Virus Stress Jincheng LUO, Xiaolin ZHU, Xiaohong WEI, Xian WANG, Baoqiang WANG, Xuefen DU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 125-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0647 Abstract （1113）   HTML （2）    PDF （2999KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effect of exogenous nitric oxide （NO） on the expression of tomato antioxidant gene under the stress of tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV）， the susceptible tomato Jinpeng 1 was used as the experimental material. Transcriptome sequencing， fluorescent qRT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis were performed under control （CK）， TYLCV （TY） and NO+TYLCV （NO+TY） treatments. The results showed that a total of 55 antioxidase-coding genes were selected in the tomato genome， among which the antioxidase-containing genes with the highest number of exons in different subcellular regions were significantly responsive to TYLCV stress. The number of NO-mediated antioxidant enzyme coding genes in different subcellular compartms showed chloroplast>cell membrane>cytoplasm>peroxisome>vacuole， in which the expression levels of Chl Cu-Zn SOD， Chl MR2， Chl GR， Per MR， Pla CAT1 and Pla CAT7 were significantly up-regulated， and the expression levels of Chl Fe SOD1， Chl Fe SOD2， Cyt GPX， Cyt APX1， Cyt APX2 L-5， Pla CAT3， Pla CAT8 and Vac CAT were significantly down-regulated. Fluorescence qRT-PCR verified that Chl GR， Min Mn SOD and Per CAT2 responded to TYLCV， and Chl Cu-Zn SOD， Pla CAT7， Pla CAT8 and Cyt APX2 L-5 responded to TYLCV and NO. Above results provided theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of NO in improving tomato disease resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fruit Quality Analysis of Prunus domestica × armeniaca at Different Harvest Maturity Levels Ruyue WANG, Haifang HU, Shasha LUO, Ziyi ZHEN, Yeyong XU, Xiaojing HU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 158-169.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0429 Abstract （1108）   HTML （5）    PDF （3014KB）（35）       Knowledge map    Save To study the effects of different harvest maturity levels on the quality of P. domestica × armeniaca fruits， and to screen out the suitable maturity levels for picking P. domestica × armeniaca，using P. domestica × armeniaca ‘Fengweihuanghou’ as the test materials， the changes in indicators such as single fruit weight， fruit color and fruit hardness and so on under different maturity levels（Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， Ⅳ， Ⅴ） were analyzed by variance， correlation and principal component analysis. The results showed that with the increase of harvest maturity levels， the red green value （a*） of the fruit skin， the red green value （a*） of the fruit flesh， the blue yellow value （b*） of the skin， the blue yellow value （b*） of the flesh， the comprehensive ratio of the skin （a*/b*） and the comprehensive ratio of the flesh （a*/b*） all showed a significant upward trend， which increased by 15.811， 15.760， 23.009， 15.380， 0.973 and 0.558， respectively， during the entire maturity and development period， and were highly significant positive correlation with fruit maturity. Chlorophyll a+b， peel brightness value （L*）and flesh brightness value （L*） showed significant downward trend， with decrease of 17.230 μg·cm-3， 11.460 and 13.492 during maturity， respectively. The single fruit weight， soluble solids， solid to acid ratio and membrane permeability all showed a significant upward trend with the increase of harvest maturity level. At maturity Ⅴ， the various indicators were 101.500 g， 18.780%， 85.535% and 62.050%， respectively， and showed a highly significant correlation with maturity level. The skin hardness， peel hardness and titratable acid showed a significant downward trend with the delay of maturity， reaching their lowest values at maturity Ⅴ， which were 13.770 N， 6.886 N and 0.246%， respectively， which were significantly negatively correlated with harvest maturity level. The principal component analysis showed that the fruit quality of different maturity level was as follows： maturity Ⅴ>maturity Ⅳ>maturity Ⅲ>maturity Ⅱ>maturity Ⅰ. Based on production needs and comprehensive economic benefits， maturity Ⅰ and Ⅱ were not suitable for harvesting，and maturity Ⅳ and Ⅴ had good quality and taste， but the fruit softens severely. Maturity Ⅲ could be selected as the appropriate harvesting maturity. Above results could provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the subsequent research and production of P. domestica × armeniaca . Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Bacillus thuringiensi on Intestinal Bacteria in Ectropis obliqua Ruoheng JIN, Xiaoyu LI, Jingwu YAO, Beibei WANG, Chunxia CAO, Daye HUANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 141-149.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0794 Abstract （1053）   HTML （1）    PDF （3110KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save Ectropis obliqua is one of the most important pests on tea， which has brought serious economic losses to the tea industry. Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）?， as a key biological insecticide for the control of E. obliqua， plays an important role in the green prevention and control of diseases and pests in tea gardens. To clarify the effect of Bt treatment on intestinal bacteria of E. obliqua larvae， the Illumina platform using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was applied to compare the structure and population diversity of intestinal commensal community in E. obliqua larvae treated with different dosage of Bt suspensions. The results showed that， compared with CK treatment， the intestinal bacterial composition of E. obliqua larvae treated with lower dosage of Bt did not change significantly， but those treated with higher dosage of Bt had significant effect on the composition of intestinal bacteria in E. obliqua larvae. And the treatments with higher dosage of Bt significantly increased the diversity and abundance of intestinal bacteria in E. obliqua larvae， which indicated that intestinal microorganisms were involved in the response of E. obliqua larvae to Bt infection. Above results provided basis for further exploring the insecticidal mechanism of Bt， and provided new ideas for improving the virulence of Bt. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Glycosylation on Quality and Volatile Flavor Characteristics of rainbow trout （ Oncorhynchus mykiss） Floss Lei JI, Tianhong LIU, Ying WANG, Xiao LI, Hongyan LI, Xiaodong JIANG, Yuanqin SUN, Shuaizhong ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 159-172.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0731 Abstract （998）   HTML （0）    PDF （1304KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save To promote the development of high-value products for rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss）， the quality （physicochemical properties， color， and sensory properties） of rainbow trout floss with different sugars added were investigated. At the same time， the volatile components and fatty acids of the floss were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）. The results showed that the addition of sugar had an important impact on the quality of rainbow trout floss， which could promote the process of Maillard reaction and improve the sensory quality of fish floss such as taste and color. As pentose， the fish floss with arabinose had a faster process of Maillard reaction and more obvious color change， while the fish floss with fructooligosaccharides had a better sweet taste. In terms of fatty acid， the contents of saturated fat acid， eicosapntemacnioc acid （EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid （DHA） of the fish floss with oligofructose were the highest， and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid of the fish floss with arabinose was the highest. In conclustion， due to Maillard reaction， the fish floss added with sugar produced aldehydes， ketones， alcohols and other substances with lower threshold， which could impact the flavor. Above results provided reference for improving the quality of rainbow trout floss and increasing product added value. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Symptoms and Pathogen Identification of Ficus carica Bacterial Leaf Spot Disease in Fujian Mengting JI, Ling ZHU, Xiaohua LUO, Yuting ZHENG, Shun XIAO, Fangping HU, Xueqing CAI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 147-154.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0546 Abstract （972）   HTML （0）    PDF （2145KB）（206）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the taxonomy of the pathogen causing a new bacterial leaf spot disease on fig （Ficus carica） in Fuzhou in 2020， diseased fig leaves were collected as test materials. The bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased leaves by streak plate method， and then the pathogenicity of the strains was determined by tobacco allergic reaction， spray inoculated fig leaves and Koch’s rule. The pathogen was identified based on morphological characteristics， physiological and biochemical determination， and phylogenetic tree analysis using partial sequences of 16S rDNA， gyrB and rpoD. The results showed that 10 bacterial strains were isolated and purified from the diseased leaves， healthy fig leaves demonstrated similar symptoms as the specimen collected from fields， and the identical morphological bacterial strains were re-isolated from diseased fig leaves. Thus， all of the bacterial strains were identified as the causal pathogens of bacterial leaf spot disease by Koch’s rule. The colony morphology was light yellow， round， and flat on the NA medium after 2 d of culture， and the gram staining reaction was negative. The bacterial strains could produce green water-soluble fluorescent on KB medium. The sequencing analysis based on 16S rDNA， gyrB and rpoD showed that the test strains were clustered with Pseudomonas cichorii； and the results of physiological and biochemical characteristics， Biolog phenotypes instrument， and specific primers were similar to the P. cichorii strain 5707， therefore the 10 isolated bacterial strains were identified as P. cichorii. It was the first report that P. cichorii could naturally cause the leaf spot disease in F. carica. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Function Analysis of GhERF020 Gene in Response to Verticillium Wilt in Cotton Huiting WENG, Haiyang LIU, Huiming GUO, Hongmei CHENG, Jun LI, Chao ZHANG, Xiaofeng SU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 112-121.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0407 Abstract （951）   HTML （3）    PDF （3709KB）（26）       Knowledge map    Save Verticillium wilt （VW） is a disruptive symptom caused by Verticillium dahliae， which affects fiber yield and quality of cotton in China. AP2/ERF transcription factors play prominent role in plant growth， development and stress response. In order to excavate the genes related to resistance to VW in cotton and explore their biological functions， the candidate gene GhERF020 （XM_016842745.1） was obtained by homologous alignment of AT1G22810.1 related gene of Arabidopsis thaliana against V. dahliae. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the open reading frame length of GhERF020 was 441 bp， encoded 147 amino acids. GhERF020 contained a conserved AP2 domain， the relative molecular weight was 16.16 kD without transmembrane structure， belonging to the hydrophilic protein. It was predicted that the promoter region contained response elements of salicylic acid （SA）， methyl jasmonate （MEJA）， abscisic acid （ABA） and other response elements. The expression of GhERF020 was induced by V. dahliae infection. Subcellular localization analysis showed that GhERF020 protein was localized in the nucleus. As the expression of GhERF020 was downregulated by virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） technique， the susceptibility of cotton plants to V. dahliae was significantly enhanced， and the disease index and pathogen biomass were distinctly increased. Above results indicated that GhERF020 was a positive regulator in resistance against V. dahliae in cotton. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Processing Technology and Shelf Life of Red Matsutake Beef Sauce Lijun FU, Xiaoyu LIN, Jianhua LIN, Huinan SHEN, Yongzhen WU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 148-158.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0975 Abstract （948）   HTML （0）    PDF （4519KB）（113）       Knowledge map    Save To optimize the optimal formula of red matsutake beef sauce， the response surface methodology was used to study the effects of the additions of red matsutake， soybean paste， millet pepper and potato starch on quality of red matsutake beef sauce. The shelf life was predicted by Arrhenius equation and kinetic equation based on peroxide value and acid value. The results showed that the optimal formula of red matsutake beef sauce obtained by response surface methodology was followed with 15.0% red matsutake， 37.4% soybean paste， 13.4% millet pepper， and 8.3% potato starch， the sensory score of red matsutake beef sauce was 91.23 under these conditions. Under different ambient temperatures （25， 37 and 45 ℃）， the total viable count， peroxide value and acid value of red matsutake beef sauce were positively correlated with storage time， while the sensory score showed a downward trend. The shelf life of red matsutake beef sauce was predicted to be 147 d at 25 ℃ based on peroxide value， and was 103 d at 25 ℃ based on acid value， so the shelf life model constructed based on acid value was more reliable. Above results provided theoretical support for high value utilization and shelf life prediction of red matsutake. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance， Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Stellar-fed Tan Sheep Guoshun CHEN, Bin TIAN, Yancheng GAO, Yancui LI, Wenjin TIAN, Wenjing YANG, Wancheng WU, Lijun HUANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 150-157.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0541 Abstract （919）   HTML （3）    PDF （497KB）（24）       Knowledge map    Save To elucidate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides on the growth， slaughtering performance and meat quality of Tan sheep， 24 healthy， similar-weight （22.17±1.21 kg） 50-days-old Tan lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups for fattening trials， including basal diet group （control group）， basal diet+0.05% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅰ）， basal diet+0.10% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅱ） and basal diet+0.15% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅲ）. The weights were determied on 0， 10 and 70 d of the trial， and the slaughter performance and meat quality were analyzed on at the end of the trial （70 d）， respectively. The results showed that， compared with control group， the final body weight （FBW） and average daily gain （ADG） of test group Ⅱ were significantly increased， and the feed conversion rate was significantly decreased. The carcass weight and slaughter rate of test group Ⅱ increased significantly， the cooked meat rate of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. The back fat thickness of test group Ⅰ and test group Ⅱ treatment was significantly reduced， and the L* value of test group Ⅱ was significantly reduced. The contents of glycine， aspartic acid and total amino acids in muscle of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ were significantly increased， and the content of umami amino acids was significantly increased in treatments with astragalus polysaccharides. The contents of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） and polyunsaturated fatty acids in mutton of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ were significantly increased. And the value of MUFA/TFA （total fatty acids） of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. In summary， the addition of 0.10% astragalus polysaccharides to the diet could improve the growth performance， carcass performance and meat quality of Tan sheep. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Natural Low Temperature on Cooking and Eating Quality of Rice During Grain Filling Stage Dongmeng ZHANG, Dongping YAO, Jun WU, Qiuhong LUO, Wen ZHUANG, Xionglun LIU, Qiyun DENG, Bin BAI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (6): 144-153.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0209 Abstract （917）   HTML （4）    PDF （1029KB）（42）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the effects of natural low temperature on the physicochemical indexes of starch of different rice varieties and cooking and eating quality of rice at filling stage， 7 high-yield and high-quality rice varieties were selected and processed into milled rice and rice flour， respectively. The physicochemical indexes of starch， viscosity， hardness and eating value of rice were measured at room temperature and low temperature. The results showed that low temperature during grain filling stage of rice increased significantly amylose content， setback， peak time， gelatinization temperature and rice hardness， the maximum amylose content was 47.4%. While it decreased obviously gel consistency， peak viscosity， breakdown and rice viscosity， the viscosity of rice was all reduced to 30~50 mm， and ultimately led to poor cooking and eating quality. The low temperature tolerance of 7 rice varieties was evaluated by taste value and starch physical and chemical indexes， the results showed ‘Y liangyou 911’ had the highest low temperature tolerance of rice quality， and ‘Y liangyou 1928’ had the lowest of rice quality. The results of this study showed that appropriate cultivation measures should be taken to cope with the influence of low temperature on rice quality during the grain filling period， which provided a new idea for screening and cultivating low-temperature tolerant and high-quality rice. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thermophysical Properties and Tempering Rate of Tuna Under Different Brining Conditions Haoran QIU, Yuqian ZHENG, Xiangqing CHEN, Yang JIAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (1): 154-162.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0630 Abstract （912）   HTML （5）    PDF （2748KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save Brining is of great significant for extending the shelf life and maintaining the quality of aquatic products， but the freezing and thawing process of brined aquatic products needs to be explored based on changes in the thermal properties of the raw materials. Yellow-fin tuna slices were immersed in NaCl solutions with mass volume fractions of 0.00% （CK）， 1.44%， 2.88%， 5.75%， and 11.50% for a duration of 2 h to study the effects of brining on the density， specific heat capacity under different temperatures， and refrigerated tempering and radio frequency （RF） tempering were used to thaw brined tuna. Additionally， both conventional refrigerated and radio frequency （RF） tempering methods were employed. The results showed that with the mass fraction of salt in the brine solution increasing， the density of the fish firstly decreased and then increased， while specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity gradually decreased， and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor increased progressively. The tempering rates of both refrigerated and RF tempering decreased with the increasing of salt levels in the brine solution， with RF tempering significantly outpacing refrigerated tempering in terms of speed. Refrigerated brining exhibited superior uniformity compared to RF tempering， although the uniformity of RF tempering improved as the salt level in the brine solution increased. These findings laid foundation for exploring RF tempering processes of brined yellow-fin tuna， and was helpful for improving uniformity and enhancing tempering quality in further. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Physiological Response of Tobacco Infected by Phytophthora to Trichoderma harzianum Inoculation Sequence Zhichao REN, Yaohui MU, Xuyang YAO, Shue LI, Yongfeng ZHANG, Tianbao REN, Guoshun LIU, Quanyu YIN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 155-164.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0544 Abstract （904）   HTML （0）    PDF （1598KB）（15）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the physiological response of tobacco plant infected by Phytophthora to Trichoderma harzianum application sequence， the pot experiments were carried out with different treatments including inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension （T1）， inoculated with T. harzianum spore suspension （T2）， inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension first and then inoculated with T. harzianum spore suspension （T3）， inoculated with T.harzianum spore suspension first and then inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension （T4）， inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension and T. harzianum spore suspension at the same time （T5）， and clear water （CK） as controls. The effects of T. harzianum application sequence on biological characteristics， physiological characteristics and induced resistance of tobacco infected by Phytophthora were analyzed. The results showed that， in the growth of tobacco plants， the agronomic characters of tobacco plants with T4 treatment increased the most， and the dry and fresh weight of underground parts increased by 103.73% and 8.30% compared with CK. In the physiological characteristics of tobacco plants， T. harzianum could reduce the inhibition of Phytophthora on photosynthetic pigment accumulation and root activity of tobacco plants， and significantly increase both of them， and it could also strengthen the activities of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants. After transplanting 21 d， the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase with T4 treatment increased by 13.14% and 6.40%， respectively. In the control effect， T4 treatment had the lowest incidence and disease index， which were 39.39% and 13.89%， and the highest antioxidant enzyme activity. In conclusion， there were significant differences in the physiological response of tobacco plants to the inoculation sequence of T. harzianum. In production， T. harzianum should be inoculated in advance to promote the growth and development of tobacco and inhibit the incidence of black shank disease. Above results laid a theoretical foundation for the regulation of tobacco growth and development and the comprehensive prevention and control of black shank. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Honey from Different Sources Based on Multidimensional Indicators Ming ZHANG, Miaomiao CHE, Xinli HUO, Xue WANG, Xing ZHENG, Leilei ZHAO, Yazhou ZHAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 170-179.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0522 Abstract （870）   HTML （1）    PDF （4114KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save Honey is a natural product with complex composition and characteristics， which vary depending on the botanical source， origin， bee species and so on. In order to evaluate， differentiate and identify honey samples， a comparative analysis of honey from different sources using multidimensional indicators， including conventional physicochemical analysis and high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight/mass spectrometer （HPLC-Q-TOF/MS） technique were conducted. The results showed significant differences in amylase activity， fructose， glucose， phenolic acid and flavonoid contents among different honey samples. Among them， rape honey exhibited the lowest amylase activity with a value of （3.42±0.70） mL·g-1·h-1， while acacia honey （Qinshui） had the highest amylase activity with a value of （12.66±2.44） mL·g-1·h-1. The total phenolic acid and total flavonoid contents of Apis cerana honey were higher than other honey samples. Pro-His-Cys and hydroxytyrosol 1-O-glucoside might be useful in distinguishing honey from nectar plant species. Palustrine played an important role in differentiating acacia honey from different regions. Above results provided methodological guidance for the characterization and authenticity assessment of honey， that was， the multidimensional index method could be used as a valuable tool for comparative analysis of honey samples from different sources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Hot-air Drying Process Parameters of Lentinus edodes Based on Response Surface Yilin YANG, Junxiong DING, Xiaohua WU, Peng WANG, Dongliang SUN, Xinyao YU, Zhentao ZHANG, Dong LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (6): 154-164.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.1035 Abstract （830）   HTML （2）    PDF （3713KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save In order to determine the best process parameters for hot-air drying of Lentinus edodes， a multi-objective optimization was studied with fresh Lentinus edodes as the test object. Taking relative humidity， wind speed and unit load as independent variables， and the color difference， water-soluble protein content and drying time of dried mushrooms as response values， a multi-objective comprehensive scoring optimization model for hot air drying of mushrooms was established， and the best process parameters for hot air drying of mushrooms was obtain by response surface method. The results showed that when color difference was 3.58， water-soluble protein content was 46.39 mg·g-1， drying time was 12.5 h， corresponding to the drying condition was 50 ℃， the best drying process parameters were relative humidity 27.1%， wind speed 5 m·s-1， and the unit load 4 kg·m-2； comparing the model prediction value of the optimization target with the experimental value， the average relative error was only 6.6%， and the maximum relative error was 7.4%. The results showed that the comprehensive scoring prediction model based on response surface method could not only be used in the hot-air drying process of Lentinus edodes， but also could provide theoretical guidance for improving the nutritional and sensory quality of dried Lentinus edodes. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Processing Technology and Analysis of Aroma Components of Tomato Flavored Puffed Shrimp Slices Lei JI, Hongyan LI, Ying WANG, Xiaodong JIANG, Tianhong LIU, Xiao LI, Yuanqin SUN, Hongjun LIU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (1): 140-153.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0845 Abstract （804）   HTML （2）    PDF （5689KB）（41）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the optimum processing conditions of puffed shrimp slices，cassava starch and Penaeusvannamei were used as raw materials. The effects of cooking time， aging time， slice thickness， drying time and frying temperature on the expansion degree and sensory score of the products were studied by single factor test and response surface test. The results showed that optimal processing technology of puffed shrimp slices was determined as follows： cooking time for 33.82 min， aging at 4 ℃ for 24.72 h， sliced into 1~2 mm slices， air dried at 60 ℃ for 4.95 h， and fried at 180 ℃. Under these conditions， the puffed shrimp slices were crispy and delicious， with strong salty taste， good puffing effect， high protein content and reasonable oil content. The sensory analysis of flavor profile showed that the flavor of puffed shrimp slices was evaluated well， with high scores of crispness and fat aroma， moderate sweetness， but slightly greasy， and there was still room for improvement in oil control. Scanning electron microscope analysis confirmed that before frying， the gap， pore volume and pore diameter of shrimp slices were large， so the fried products were crisp and delicious. 21 kinds of flavor compounds in potato chips before frying and 20 kinds after frying were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The result of scanning electron microscopy showed that before frying， the relative content of terpenes， alcohols and aldehydes accounted for a large proportion of the total aroma components， while after frying， the relative content of acids， esters and aldehydes accounted for a large proportion of the total aroma components. The above results provided an experimental and theoretical basis for the industrial application of puffed shrimp slices. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Flavor Differences of Different Types of Fresh Corn Based on Electronic Nose and GC-IMS Technology Yaxing SHI, Hui DONG, Li XU, Yanli FAN, Hui LIU, Yamin SHI, Ainian YU, Ning GAO, Jiuran ZHAO, Baishan LU, Ronghuan WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 143-156.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0708 Abstract （738）   HTML （0）    PDF （2974KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save Flavor is an important indicator of the edible quality of fresh corn. In order to explore the composition and content differences of volatile flavor compounds in different types of fresh corn，in this study， 6 different types of fresh corn varieties including NKN 323 were used as materials， and electronic nose technology and gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） technology were used to detect the volatile flavor compounds in fresh corn to evaluate the contribution of volatile flavor compounds to the overall flavor of fresh corn by relative odor activity value （ROAV）. The results showed that a total of 34 volatile flavor compounds were identified， including 10 esters （34.68%~26.74%）， 8 aldehydes （28.46%~21.22%）， 6 alcohols （10.33%~6.04%）， 5 ketones （14.74%~9.87%）， 2 ethers （10.05%~6.94%） and 3 other compounds. GC-IMS fingerprints showed that the difference of volatile flavor compounds content important which caused the difference of characteristic flavor of different types of fresh corn. 5 common key aroma components and 23 different characteristic flavor compounds of fresh corn were identified by ROAV. The total release of volatile flavor compounds of different types of varieties was NKN323， followed by JKT608.Isovaleraldehyde contributed the most to the overall flavor of NKN336， JZN219， JKN768 and JKT608， while 3-octanone contributed the most to the overall flavor of NKN323 and JKN2000. Above results provided theoretical basis for the analysis and evaluation of volatile flavor compounds in fresh corn and the precise control of characteristic flavor. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Chinese Chestnut Yellow Crinkle Disease on Quality of Chestnut Dexuan ZHO, Peng GAO, Xiaolei WEN, Shifeng MU, Suhong GAO, Lina FENG, Weiming SUN, Huixia QI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 136-140.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0844 Abstract （727）   HTML （1）    PDF （559KB）（10）       Knowledge map    Save In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of Chinese chestnut yellow crinkle disease on the quality of chestnut nuts， the related indexes of nut quality of trees were determined， and the effect of the disease on nut quality was analyzed. The results showed that， compared with healthy trees， the contents of trace elements in nut of diseased trees were increased， and the contents of amino acids， total phenols and flavonoids were significantly increased by 24.93%， 20.54% and 36.33%， respectively. The chestnut bracts of diseased trees had long and sof spines， uneven color of nuts， the wrinkled surface and the rough texture. The number of grains per bract， the weight of single bract， the full nut rate and the yield per plant of diseased trees were significantly reduced， among them， the yield per plant was reduced by 96.45% compared with the healthy tree. Above results provided a theoretical basis for scientific evaluation of the effect of Chinese chestnut yellow crinkle disease on nut quality. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Status and Prospects of Rice Industry in Heilongjiang Province Yingnan GU, Xin LIU, Jingyuan WANG, Xinyu DUAN, Ying HUANG, Qingjuan LIN, Yanxia LIU, Hongwen BI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 17-25.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1005 Abstract （694）   HTML （17）    PDF （1755KB）（882）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years， the rice industry in Heilongjiang province has developed well in planting， production and marketing， but there are still some problems such as quality degradation and low efficiency of processing enterprises. In order to promote the development of high-quality rice industry in Heilongjiang province， and improve productivity and efficiency，based on the statistical yearbook data of Heilongjiang province， field survey information and literature data， this paper analyzed the change characteristics of rice variety breeding， production and planting， quality， processing and sales of japonica rice in Heilongjiang province from 2016 to 2021， put forward suggestions to accelerate the development of rice industry in Heilongjiang province， including the construction of research and innovation center of seed industry， the construction of green ecological demonstration area and the strengthening of rice processing industry， which provided a variety of feasible ideas for the development of rice industry in Heilongjiang province. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of ExsA on the Pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii Zihui CAI, Wenxin CHEN, Juanjuan LI, Hong LI, Xue CHI, Yanqiong TANG, Zhu LIU, Xiang MA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 129-136.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0316 Abstract （692）   HTML （0）    PDF （1704KB）（15）       Knowledge map    Save Aeromonas veronii is an important pathogen in the co-occurrence of humans and fish, causing significant mortality in various aquatic organisms, posing a major threat to aquaculture and public health care. The type Ⅲ secretion system (T3SS) is one of the most critical virulence mechanisms in determining the pathogenicity of Aeromonas species. The transcription factor ExsA of AraC family serves as the main regulatory factor and activates T3SS assembly and effector protein secretion in response to changes in environmental conditions. In order to explore the effect of exsA on the pathogenicity of the A. veronii, this study constructed an exsA gene knockout strain using homologous recombination strategy and tested its biofilm formation, adhesion capabilities, as well as the cytotoxicity of the spent cultural supernatant. The results showed that the deletion of the exsA gene in A. veronii led to a significant decrease of its biofilm formation capability, its adhesion to ex vivo host tissues, and the cytotoxicity of the spent culture supernatants. Compared with the wild type, the ability of the exsA knockout strain to form biofilm was reduced by 1.5 folds. The adhesion to epithelial cells was not significantly changed in exsA knockout strain as compared with the wild type, while the adhesion to ex vivo mouse intestinal tissues decreased by 3.4 folds and the cytotoxicity of bacterial culture supernatants decreases by 1.2 folds. These results proved that exsA plays an important regulatory role in the virulence mechanism of bacterial pathogen, laying a solid foundation for further research on the function of T3SS in the pathogenic mechanism of A. veronii and provided clues for establishing strategies for the control of the aquatic infection. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Volatile Components in Jujube Honey Based on Plackett-Burman Design and Response Surface Method Xue WANG, Xing ZHENG, Jiamiao REN, Yazhou ZHAO, Wenjun PENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 181-192.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0384 Abstract （638）   HTML （0）    PDF （3482KB）（86）       Knowledge map    Save In order to enhance the head space-solid phase micro extraction （HS-SPME） extraction efficiency of volatile components in honey， and for more accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）， the total peak area of volatile components of the chromatogram in Ziziphus jujuba Mill honey was used as the index. Plaekett-Burman design and response surface methodology were used to optimize extraction conditions （extraction temperature， extraction time， sample amount， deionized water amount， NaCl additive amount， stirring speed）. The results showed that extraction temperature， extraction time and sample amount significantly impacted the total peak area in the chromatograms. The optimized extraction conditions were extraction temperature of 68.5 ℃， extraction time of 51.6 min and sample amount of 5.1 g. Under the optimal extraction conditions， the total peak area of chromatogram could reach 2.20×109 mAU·min-1. Above results provided certain technical guidance for the further profile analysis of volatile components in honey. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Sensitivity to Fungicides of Pathogen Species of Hass Avocado Fruit Anthracnose Jinlin LIU, Yingying CHEN, Xiaomei LAN, Haiyong CHEN, Pengsheng LI, Bi QIN, Ye YANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 138-146.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0702 Abstract （636）   HTML （1）    PDF （3306KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save To identify the pathogen of anthracnose in avocado and screen the suitable fungicides， fruit samples of Hass avocado suspected anthracnose disease from Danzhou city， Hainan province were sampled. And the pathogen was isolated and identified. The pathogenicity of strain was confirmed according to Koch’s postulate. And the sensitivity of pathogenic strain to 9 fungicides were evaluated in vitro using mycelium radial growth assay. The results showed that the 4 pathogenic strains were identified as Colletotrichum siamense according to the morphological and phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequences. All of 4 strains showed virulence and high pathogenicity to avocado fruits. Among 9 fungicides， prochloraz was the most effective with the mean effective inhibitory medium concentration （EC50） values of 0.11 mg·L-1， and azoxystrobin， difenoconazole， pyrazoxystrobin， penthiopyrad and carbendazim followed with mean EC50 values ranged from 2.09 to 4.29 mg·L-1. So these 6 above-mentioned fungicides exhibited strong inhibitory activities against the mycelial growth of C. siamense， which could be used as candidate agents for the control of avocado anthracnose. Above results should help in developing strategies for the management and control of anthracnose in avocado. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/Unfolded Protein Response Caused by Herpesvirus Haiqing CAI, Wei WANG, Maoqin ZENG, Wenwen BI, Li CHEN, Qiandong ZHANG, Yang YUAN, Ming WEN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (9): 131-139.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0538 Abstract （635）   HTML （11）    PDF （1481KB）（1114）       Knowledge map    Save Endoplasmic reticulum is the main site of protein folding and post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells. It also participates in the regulation of Ca2+ and lipid storage and synthesis， and has important physiological functions. Herpesviruses is a class of enveloped DNA viruses. The synthesis and processing of its surface glycosylated envelope proteins depends on the endoplasmic reticulum. During virus replication， a large number of synthesized glycosylated envelope proteins are excessive in the endoplasmic reticulum. Accumulation causes endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS）， which in turn leads to unfolded protein response （UPR）. Some herpesviruses may have evolved mechanisms to regulate the UPR to create an optimal egoistic environment for the replication process. When they replicate in host cells， they will cause related endoplasmic reticulum UPR signaling cascades， such as cell damage， inflammation， apoptosis， etc. In this paper， the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response （ERS/UPR） response to viruses was reviewed， and the molecular mechanism and related signaling pathways of ERS caused by herpes simplex virus type Ⅰ， pseudorabies virus， marek virus， duck enteritis virus and other herpes viruses were expounded， which provided theoretical basis for the research and development of herpes virus-related vaccines and drug targets. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Aquaponics System Ruikang SUN, Jinghua FU, Minjun XU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (9): 227-233.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0598 Abstract （590）   HTML （20）    PDF （1086KB）（353）       Knowledge map    Save Aquaponics is an innovative compound production system composed of recirculating aquaculture and hydroponic cultivation， which has the characteristics of high resource utilization rate， no chemical fertilizers and antibiotics， low consumption， high efficiency and sustainability. It is considered as a modern agricultural farming system of ecological protection. Although aquaponics system has developed rapidly in recent years and has been widely promoted and applied， it still lacks systematic cognition and holistic analysis. This paper summarized the technological development of aquaponics system， the main research contents， research progress and development trend at home and abroad. Combined with the development status of aquaponics system， it was predicted that the future aquaponics system construction would tend to be decoupled and ecological， the layout would move toward urbanization and three-dimensional， the large-scale intelligent and commercial implementation would be carried out， and the trend would be diversified and integrated innovation. Meanwhile， relevant improvement suggestions were put forward， which aimed to provide scientific ideas for the efficient construction and sustainable development of aquaponics complex system. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current Situation and Strategy of Honeybee Genetic Resources Protection in China Xiao CHEN, Fuqing YU, Jian LU, Yazhou ZHAO, Jiandong AN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (5): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0371 Abstract （583）   HTML （8）    PDF （455KB）（657）       Knowledge map    Save Honeybee genetic resources are rich in China. These resources have different characteristics. They are excellent germplasm resources and are basic materials for breeding. At present， there are 14 local varieties， 8 cultivated varieties， 8 introduced varieties， and 8 other bee resources in China. Among them， Chinese honeybee is the native bees in China，which is an indispensable original breeding material for cultivating new high-quality honeybee breeds， and is also a national protected species. The current situation of honeybee resources protection and existing problems of honeybees genetic resources protection in China were summarized， and the suggestions for honeybee genetic resources protection were put forward， which was of great significance to the development of honeybee genetic resources protection in the future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Countermeasures and Suggestions for Promoting the Industrialization of China’s Biological Breeding Technology Jingli GUO, Yuhong ZHANG, Caijiao SHENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 1-5.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0608 Abstract （544）   HTML （18）    PDF （412KB）（257）       Knowledge map    Save Compared with traditional breeding technology， modern biological breeding technology has many advantages， such as high efficiency， good precision and short R&D cycle. It has become the research focus in the global seed industry. This article summarized the current development status of biological breeding industrialization in China， and proposed promotion strategies and suggestions based on the problems existing in the industrialization development. In China， modern biological breeding technologies represented by transgenic， gene editing， and genomic selection technologies are progressing in parallel with developed countries， and pilot projects for the industrialization of biological breeding have been initiated. Positive progress has been made in the industrialization of biological breeding in China， with the biological breeding industry becoming an important driver of rural economic development， the establishment of a preliminary technological innovation system across the entire industry chain， and the formation of a basic industrial policy and regulatory system. However， there are still prominent issues that need to be addressed， such as a high dependence on foreign R&D equipment in biological breeding， constraints on key core technologies， weak market competitiveness， and a lag in the supporting system for intellectual property rights in industrial applications of biological breeding. It is urgent to strengthen the construction of the biological breeding organization system， the technology research and development system， the scientific and technological equipment system， and the market supervision system. Emphasis should be placed on cultivating large multinational market entities to provide support for the orderly development of China’s industrialization of biological breeding. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Status and Development Trend of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Agricultural Engineering Yao XIAO, Mingliang WU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (8): 1-9.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0300 Abstract （539）   HTML （24）    PDF （2130KB）（363）       Knowledge map    Save Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） is a method for systematic analysis based on computer numerical calculation and image display. It is often used to analyze the flow mechanisms of gas-solid and gas-liquid two-phase flow in agricultural equipment. It is a new method for digital design of agricultural equipment， which has good application prospects. The commonly used calculation models of CFD in simulating agricultural materials and its application in agricultural equipment were summarized.Combined with the application of agricultural engineering， the future development trend of CFD was proposed on how to adapt to the future development needs of agricultural engineering. The results indicated that， due to the complex types of operation objects and easy damage of agricultural equipment， it was necessary to fully consider the physical characteristics of the operation objects and the relationship among components. The multidisciplinary coupling analysis， fine modeling and real-time prediction of high fidelity simulation would be the future development trend of CFD. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of Eukaryotic Expression Vector of African Swine Fever Virus O174L Protein and Analysis of Molecular Characteristics Shagainar Jurmt, Xiao LIN, Zhaoji SHEN, Xiaorong GUO, Kui LI, Hong JIA, Rong ZHOU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (4): 114-127.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0162 Abstract （526）   HTML （2）    PDF （7973KB）（74）       Knowledge map    Save To study the O174L gene of African swine fever virus （ASFV）， the O174L gene was connected to the vector pRK5M-C-2×Strep through homologous recombination， and the eukaryotic expression vector of ASFV was constructed. After PCR amplification and sequencing identification， the recombinant plasmid was transfected into porcine intestinal epithelial cells （IPEC-J2）. The expression of O174L protein was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. The PCR and sequencing results showed that recombinant plasmid pRK5M-C-2×Strep-O174L was successfully constructed. The results of immunofluorescence and Western blot showed that O174L protein could be stably expressed in IPEC-J2 cells. Bioinformatics analysis of O174L protein showed that the arrangement of the branches and isolates of the phylogenetic tree based on the O174L gene sequence was highly similar to that based on the B646L （p72） gene sequence. Among the 16 isolates from China， the similarity of the O174L gene sequence between the isolates was as high as 96.76%~100.00%. Compared with other type Ⅱ isolates in China， China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ had differences in the 67th， 75th and 110th amino acids of O174L， and GZ201801 had difference in the 110th amino acids. The O174L amino acid sequence of type Ⅰ isolates SD/DY-I/2021 and HeN/ZZ-P1/2021 were different from other Chinese type Ⅱ isolates at 13th， 73th， 93th， 95th， 113th and 114th amino acids， respectively. O174L protein was a stable hydrophilic protein without signal peptide and transmembrane region. The secondary structure of O174L protein was composed of α helix， β strand and random coil， and the prediction result of tertiary structure was consistent with the secondary structure. Above results provided the basis and experimental materials for studying the protein interaction and genetic evolution between ASFV and host. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Strategy on Agricultural Microbial Industry in China Jingli GUO, Dlxat Nilufar, Daqing WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0682 Abstract （516）   HTML （11）    PDF （510KB）（575）       Knowledge map    Save The international market share of the agricultural microbial industry is increasing， making the development of germplasm resources， key technology research， safety monitoring and protection gradually become a battlefield in the field of agricultural microbial industry. It was found that the development of China's agricultural microbial industry still had limitations such as weak ability to tap and utilize resources， little breakthrough in key core technologies， weak international competitiveness of industrial development， and imperfect safety prevention and control system. In order to ensure national food security， improve the market share of biological agriculture economy， achieve green and sustainable development of agriculture， and consolidate the foundation of agricultural power. The government should accelerate the construction of the national agricultural microbial germplasm bank， strengthen the breakthrough of the key core technologies of agricultural microbial industry， optimize the development layout of agricultural microbial industry， increase support for agricultural microbial enterprises， improve the safety protection and monitoring system of agricultural microbial industry， and comprehensively enhance the international market share and international competitiveness of China's agricultural microbial industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Epidemiology， Diagnostic Procedures of Schistosomiasis in Livestock and Prospect on Control Strategy Bihong ZHANG, Qi HUANG, Yan HUANG, Yaoquan LIU, Yong LIU, Jianguo WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (6): 117-125.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.1078 Abstract （512）   HTML （1）    PDF （950KB）（89）       Knowledge map    Save Schistosomiasis is a catastrophic zoonotic disease and parasitic illness caused by Schistosoma （an aquatic parasite） for most mammals. Domestic animals， including cattle， sheep， goat， pig and so on， are susceptible to Schistosoma. This paper systemically reviewed the life cycle， transmission chain， and clinical symptoms of schistosomiasis in livestock， and analyzed the epidemiological characteristics， diagnostic techniques， and comprehensive control measures of schistosomiasis， which was expected to provide the guidance for the control and thearpy of Schistosomiasis in livestock. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics