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Trends and Strategies for Development of Crop Seed Industry in China Xinhai LI, Ming LU, Jun ZHENG, Xiaofeng GU, Lijuan QIU, Yu LI, Youzhi MA, Jianmin WAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1101 Abstract （1499）   HTML （45）    PDF （506KB）（285）       Knowledge map    Save Seed industry is a strategic and basic industry， and clarifying the development path of China’s crop seed industry is very important to enhance the competitiveness of national agriculture. This paper analyzed the development trend of the international crop seed industry， assessed the opportunities and challenges faced by the development of China’s crop seed industry， and proposed the innovative development strategies of China’s crop seed industry in the new era. Our study reckoned that the new round of scientific and technological revolution characterized by “biotechnology and informatization” had promoted the comprehensive upgrading of the crop seed industry， biotechnology productions had become an important growth point for the development of the seed industry， and multinational seed enterprises had accelerated their occupation of the global seed market. Global scientific and technological innovation and China’s economic transformation and development have brought new opportunities for the development of China’s crop seed industry. Currently，China has basically established a scientific and technological innovation system for crop seed， and seed enterprises have continued to grow， but still facing some challenges such as insufficient original innovation in key science and technology， imperfect seed industry innovation system. Our study suggested that China’s crop seed industry should further strengthen the effective cohesion in the innovation chain and build a deep integration system of production， education and research in the new era， and consolidate the original foundation of seed science and technology， produce high-value intellectual property rights such as key technologies and elite new varieties， as well as cultivate innovative enterprises， improve policy mechanisms and business environment， and promote the high-quality development of the crop seed industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on the Breeding and Application of Sex Control in Snakehead Mi OU, Jian ZHAO, Qing LUO, Haiyang LIU, Rong HUANG, Yaping WANG, Kunci CHEN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 11-25.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0578 Abstract （1370）   HTML （4）    PDF （3086KB）（181）       Knowledge map    Save Snakehead（Channa）is an important freshwater fish in China，which has obvious sexual dimorphism，with fast growth rate，large size and low feed coefficient ratio in male individuals.Therefore，monosex culture of all-male production is of great economic significance.In this review，the breeding and application of sex control in all-male hybrid snakehead were described.Super-male blotched snakehead（Channa maculata）was produced by sex-specific molecular marker and reproductive endocrine regulation technology，the female parent northern snakehead（Channa argus）was selected for two generations，then “all-male hybrid No.1”（C. argus ♀XX × C. maculata ♂YY）were produced by combining sex control，population selection and hybridization of super-male C. maculata and the selected female C. argus. Growth performance indicated that “all-male hybrid No.1” had high male rate，rapid growth，uniform size，low feed coefficient ratio and wide breeding adaptability.The research on sex control in Channa not only promoted the structural adjustment and industrial upgrading of snakehead，but also provided theoretical and technical support for sex control of other fish，which could accelerate the breeding process of monosex culture. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and Prospect of Virus-induced Gene Silencing in Crop Gene Function Research Mengyuan HAO, Qi HANG, Gongyao SHI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (1): 1-13.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0781 Abstract （1331）   HTML （91）    PDF （1362KB）（870）       Knowledge map    Save With the completion of crop genome sequencing， a large number of genes' functions affecting important agronomic traits of crops are waiting to be discovered. Due to the lack of genetic transformation methods， the research on gene function of most crops is progressing slowly. Virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） technology does not rely on genetic transformation. Through virus vector inoculation， efficient silencing of targeted genes can be achieved in contemporary plants. VIGS technology is increasingly used in reverse genetics for analysis of gene functions and metabolic pathways in different crops due to its fast onset time， high silencing efficiency， low operating cost， high-throughput and wide application of plants. This article introduced the technical principles and development process of VIGS， systematically summarized the application of VIGS in different crop research， and then summarized and discussed the limitations of existing VIGS applications and several key factors affecting its silence efficiency， and finally the application in future plant biology research was prospected， which would provide reference for its further application and development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Global Genetically Modified Crop Industrialization Trends in 2022 Haohui LI, Caiyue LIU, Haiwen ZHANG, Xujing WANG, Qiaoling TANG, Youhua WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 6-16.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0756 Abstract （1324）   HTML （76）    PDF （752KB）（739）       Knowledge map    Save Since the commercialization of genetically modified （GM） crops in 1996， their industrial applications have developed rapidly in worldwide with increasing planting area and crop types， which have significant economic and social benefits. This paper analyzed the global situation of GM crops cultivation in 2022， and the development trends of major countries and regions planting GM crops. In 2022， the planting area of GM crops accounted for about 12% of the total arable land area with an increase of 3.3%. The number of the countries approved to cultivate GM crops increased to 29， and 71 countries and regions approved the commercial application of GM products. Based on the planting area of GM crops， the GM corn and soybean were dominant， and the planting area of the GM crops with multiple traits was also constantly expanding. The industrial applications of GM crops will become new growth driver for agricultural production and economic development， and the applications and effects of GM crops will continuously increase with the iterative upgrading of bioengineering breeding technologies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Accelerate the Research and Application of Biological Breeding to Promote the Self-Reliance of Agricultural Science and Technology Wen ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 8-14.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0733 Abstract （1317）   HTML （13）    PDF （491KB）（142）       Knowledge map    Save Food security is the the pillar of national development and safety. General Secretary XI Jinping pointed that the fundamental solution to stabilize and increase the food production lay in the scientific and technological progress concerning the limited arable land in domestic. At present， a new round of scientific and technological revolution in agriculture characterized by modern biotechnology is breeding major breakthroughs， and plays a leading role in the development of modern agriculture. The development of biological breeding is an important strategy to ensure the national food security and enhance the international competitiveness. This paper introduced the development trend of biological breeding in the development of international agricultural science and technology. For promoting the industrial application of biological breeding， 4 of relationships should be correctly handled， and 4 tasks should be put forward， which provided theoretical guidance for accelerating the development and application of biological breeding technologies in China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial Intelligence Accelerates Epigenetics and Plant Breeding Weijun GUO, Dongwei LI, Shang XIE, Liwen YANG, Cong LI, Jian TIAN, Li PU, Xiaofeng GU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 90-100.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1031 Abstract （1262）   HTML （25）    PDF （1136KB）（316）       Knowledge map    Save The rapid growth of the global population and tremendous climatic changes are new challenges for food security and compel breeders to develop new avenues of crop breeding. In recent years， the deep integration of biotechnology （BT） with artificial intelligence （AI）， big data， and other information technology （IT） has promoted the rapid development of intelligent design breeding technology. AI-based breeding technology accelerates multi-omics mapping and functional elucidation and the identification of excellent allele variations around the genome， and breeds new varieties through genome design breeding traits. The crucial agricultural breeding traits of crops are synergistically regulated by genetic， epigenetic， and environmental factors that epigenetic marks bridge other factors playing a pivotal role in the regulation of traits. The development of intelligent design technology makes it possible for accurate design breeding based on epigenetic inheritance， which is becoming a new way to improve crop breeding traits. The deep integration of epigenetics and AI has greatly facilitated the identification of genome-wide epigenetic modification sites and the elucidation of regulatory mechanisms. The design of regulatory circuits based on these epigenetic sites has been innovated to achieve the directional creation of new germplasm with excellent comprehensive traits and the cultivation of major varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Epigenetic Regulation and Crop Breeding Xianwei SONG, Shanjie TANG, Xiaofeng CAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 33-38.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1040 Abstract （1230）   HTML （18）    PDF （440KB）（235）       Knowledge map    Save Epigenetic is a biological phenomenon that DNA sequence unchanged but gene expression was genetically altered， and it includs DNA methylation， histone modification and variants， RNA modification， chromatin remodeling and non coding RNA etc. Epigenetic mainly regulates gene expression and transposon activity at transcriptional and post transcriptional levels. More and more research showed that epigenetic plays an important role in the formation of important agronomic traits and ploidy breeding of crops. This paper reviewed the important progress in the research of epigenetic regulation directly related to crop breeding， and analyzed its potential and ways of application in crop breeding， which were expected to accelerate and promote the basic and applied research of plant epigenetic regulation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of New Crop Germplasm Enhancement in China Hao CHEN, Fei ZHOU, Yongjun LIN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 112-119.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0998 Abstract （1218）   HTML （10）    PDF （493KB）（284）       Knowledge map    Save As a country with a large population and agriculture， our government has always attached great importance to agricultural issues and food security. Based on the national conditions of large population and limited arable land resources， China tolces relying on scientific and technological development to improve the yield level as the main means to ensure the food security. With the active deployment and strong support on agricultural development， China has made continuous breakthroughs and innovations in crop breeding theory and technology in recent years. The genetic dissection of important agronomic traits of crops， the utilization of gene alleles with high breeding value， the innovation and application of gene editing technology， genomic breeding and de novo domestication strategies， industrialization pilot of transgenic soybean and maize provide new ideas and strategies for the creation of new crop germplasm in China. This paper sorted out and reviewed some representative achievements made by China in this field， and briefly summarized and looked forward to the development prospects. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genome Editing and Its Applications in Crop Improvement Lei YAN, Jinshan ZHANG, Jiankang ZHU, Lanqin XIA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 78-89.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1030 Abstract （1203）   HTML （20）    PDF （1256KB）（229）       Knowledge map    Save In the context of climate change， increasing world population， decreased farmland as well as frequent outbreaks of natural disasters， global food production is facing unprecedent challenges. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing technologies enable targeted genome modification in a sequence-specific manner， offering great potential in crop improvement. This review aimed to provide an informative summary of the latest development and breakthroughs in CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing technologies including gene knockout， base editing， prime editing and gene replacement through homology-directed repair （HDR）， as well as their applications in crop improvement. Finally， we discussed the existing challenges and future prospects in the development of novel genome editing toolkits and their applications in agriculture to ensure global food security and sustainable agricultural development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prospects for Commercialization of Biotech Breeding Technology of Important Crops in China Jian ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 15-24.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0697 Abstract （1184）   HTML （12）    PDF （538KB）（299）       Knowledge map    Save China has more population in the world but with limited arable land and water resources. Scientific innovation becomes a unique solution to promote the crop productions for national food security. Commercialization of biotech breeding technology in maize， soybean， oil rape and cotton has played a critical role in seed industry developmentin these major crop production countries including US， Brazil and Argentina. After over 20 years’ scientific innovation of biotech crop research and development （R&D） in China， the biotechnology crops for maize and soybean with resistance to insect and herbicide tolerant traits have been ready， these biotech crops would not only reduce the inputs of crop production， but also increase the yield and farmers’ incomes significantly. Due to the commercialization of biotech breeding technology involves in multiple aspects of research and development of scientific innovation， regulatory appraisal of biosafety and stewardship requirements， international trade， agricultural production and public acceptance etc.， which is a large and complex system engineer. Therefore， only those of the larger seed enterprises with capabilities can lead the whole processes by integrating R&D resources of scientific， academic and seed industrial units to create an innovation consortium for collaborations across the whole R&D chain and commercial chain together. Such an innovation consortium will be capable to continuously launch new varieties with better-yielding， nutritious， less inputs and environmental-friendly products should steadily support the commercialization of biotech breeding technology of important crops towards a sustainable and high-quality development of seed industry in China. Biotech breeding technology is the core of seed innovation， so establishing an innovative system for modern breeding and strengthening the deep mine of germplasm resources plus breaking through the key technologies of cutting-edge breeding for strategic new varieties， becomes the solution for germplasm improvement and a key for winning the seed industry as well as the fundamental support for firmly grasping the initiative of food security. This paper summarized the application of biotech breeding， and proposed the developmental strategies of modern seed industry. Biotech breeding technology will become the important approach to solve the germplasm resource shortage and environmental constrains faced by China’s agricultural development while driving the development of China’s modern seed industry and the continuous improvement of international competitiveness， and realizing the leap from a large seed industry to a strong seed country. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fish Breeding Technology Based on Whole Genome Analysis and Its Application Mijuan SHI, Wanting ZHANG, Yingyin CHENG, Xiaoqin XIA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 33-41.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0584 Abstract （1180）   HTML （7）    PDF （819KB）（252）       Knowledge map    Save With the development and popularization of high-throughput sequencing technologies， fish genomes are increasingly sequenced and assembled. How to apply these genomic information and high-throughput sequencing technology in fish breeding is a concern in the aquaculture industry. Compared with crops， livestock and poultry， the development and application of breeding technology based on whole genome analysis in fish is lagging behind. At present， fish breeding mainly refers to various methods established in other species. Usually such a method is developed based on the characteristics of a specific species and is not completely suitable for fish. Although these methods provide references for the whole genome breeding of fish， they bring difficulties for users to understand and choose the various technologies and algorithms. This article reviewed the breeding-related technologies based on whole-genome analysis in different fields， and introduced the mechnism and application of different technologies such as genome-wide association studies （GWAS）， genome-wide linkage analysis （GWLA） and genomic selection （GS）， and recommended some commonly used software to provide guidance for fish breeding based ongenomic analysis technologies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic Regulation Mechanisms of Important Traits and Molecular Design Breeding in Livestock and Poultry Wenyue WANG, Xiaoyu MI, Kangtai SUN, Yichao DAI, Zhipeng YAO, Yuanpeng GAO, Jun LIU, Yiqiang GE, Songmei ZHANG, Xiaoming DENG, Yong ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 39-47.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0979 Abstract （1159）   HTML （10）    PDF （519KB）（230）       Knowledge map    Save Research on the genetic basis of important economic traits in livestock and poultry is important for the next generation of molecular design breeding， which is the research frontier of scientific and technological innovation in the international livestock and poultry seed industry. Livestock and poultry breeds are rich in resources， diverse in production types， wide in ecological adaptation range， and outstanding in excellent traits in China. However， there are problems of insufficient protection and collection of germplasm resources， unclear analysis of trait characteristics and genetic mechanisms etc.， resulting in insufficient development and utilization of rich livestock and poultry genetic resources in China， and it is difficult to support the research and development and application of molecular design breeding technology. To face the demand of future agriculture modernization and production of livestock and poultry seed industry， this paper summarized the research progress on genetic regulation mechanism and molecular design breeding of important traits of livestock and poultry at home and abroad， as well as the bottlenecks faced by molecular design breeding of livestock and poultry in China， and discussed the development trend of molecular design breeding of livestock and poultry in the future. The review provided significant insights for technological innovation and development of the future livestock and poultry breeding industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study and Application of Salt and Alkali Tolerance in Rapeseed Heping WAN, Hao ZHANG, Yi YU, Jingdong CHEN, Changli ZENG, Lun ZHAO, Jing WEN, Jinxiong SHEN, Tingdong FU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 59-67.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0970 Abstract （1151）   HTML （19）    PDF （578KB）（176）       Knowledge map    Save Soil salinization has become one of the main limiting factors for agricultural development. The stress damage of saline alkali to plants can be divided into osmotic stress， ion toxicity， active oxygen damage and high pH stress. Saline alkali stress has different effects on seed germination， seedling growth， yield and quality of rapeseed. This paper expounded the influence mechanism of saline alkali stress on different growth stages of rapeseed， analyzed the saline alkali tolerance mechanism of rape from the aspects of osmotic regulation， active oxygen removal， absorption and storage of Na+， and the secretion of organic acids by roots， and put forward measures to improve the saline alkali tolerance of rapeseed， including exploring and utilizing saline alkali tolerance genes， adopting reasonable cultivation methods and using exogenous substances， which provided theoretical basis for the improvement and utilization of saline alkali land by using saline alkali tolerant rapeseed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital Development of China’s Crop Industry： Achievements， Difficulties and Prospects Beibei FAN, Jin LI, Chen MA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 25-32.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0579 Abstract （1125）   HTML （10）    PDF （469KB）（172）       Knowledge map    Save As the basic industry of agricultural modernization， promoting the revitalization of seed industry has become one of the core tasks of building China’s strategic science and technology system and promoting the overall revitalization of rural areas. China has initially realized the integration of digital technology with breeding， complex seed production， industrial extension and other aspects. However， compared with the status quo that developed countries and region in Europe and the United States have entered the “4.0 era” of intelligent design breeding， China’s breeding technology research and development is still in the “2.0 era” to “3.0 era” of the seed industry. In the face of the development trend of intelligent breeding and seed breeding， precision seed industry promotion and service， and in-depth seed industry big data collection， the integration and innovation research of digital technology， molecular breeding and conventional breeding technology， and in-depth development of multiple genetics should be encouraged. The big data mining and analysis， application of commercial breeding software and platforms， and the comprehensive establishment of the digital marketing and management system should be promoted. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and Development Prospect of Fish Stem Cell in Breeding Wanwan ZHANG, Meisheng YI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 26-32.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0577 Abstract （1093）   HTML （15）    PDF （434KB）（187）       Knowledge map    Save The farmed aquatic fish is one of the most important food sources of high-quality animal protein. The sustainable development of aquaculture industry depends heavily on new fish varieties with genetic improvement by both traditional methods， such as selective breeding and hybridization breeding， and innovative technologies including molecular assisted selection and gene editing. In recent years， the fish stem cell technologies including stem cell transplantation and induction methods have been showing great promise in fish breeding. Here， we summarized the progress and potential applications of fish stem cell technologies in breeding， clarified the main characteristics in cell manipulation， and highlighted the challenges and perspectives in further work， which should provide some guidelines for fish stem cell research and the application of stem cell technologies in fish breeding. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Sex Control Breeding of Fish Binbin TAO, Wei HU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 1-10.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0582 Abstract （1045）   HTML （47）    PDF （542KB）（480）       Knowledge map    Save Sex control of fish is one of the important research interests in the field of genetic breeding of aquatic animals. Some biotechnologies， such as endocrine regulation of reproduction， artificially induced gynogenesis， cross breeding， and marker assisted selection breeding were wildly used to study sex control of farmed fishes， and a batch of monosex farmed fish varieties with excellent traits have been cultivated. The analysis of genome and functional genome of farmed fishes， the discovery of sex determination and differentiation related genes， and the establishment of cutting-edge biotechnologies such as efficient and specific gene editing have provided important theoretical guidance and technical support for the establishment of more precise sex control breeding technology and creation of new germplasm of farmed fishes. This paper reviewed the theoretical basis of fish sex control breeding and the research progress on fish sex control technology， which would provide theoretical and technical support for breeding high-yield， good-quality and environmentally friendly varieties of farmed fish. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation and Progresses in de novo Domestication of Crops Jingkun ZHANG, Wenjia LI, Peng ZENG, Xiangbing MENG, Hong YU, Jiayang LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 68-77.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0985 Abstract （1017）   HTML （11）    PDF （1225KB）（145）       Knowledge map    Save In the past century， the breeding theories and systems have been greatly developed， and series of new breeding strategies have gradually emerged， such as heterosis utilization， hybrid breeding， mutagenesis breeding， molecular marker-assisted breeding， transgenic breeding， genome editing breeding， molecular design breeding etc. making critical contributions to world food security. Recently， along with the development of biotechnologies， a new breeding strategy termed de novo domestication has been proposed and demonstrated to create new crops. Here， this paper reviewed the emergence of de novo domestication and its roadmap， the germplasm basis， the genetic basis and the fundamental biotechnologies and related policy of de novo domestication. Furthermore， it also discussed presumable challenges and applications of de novo domestication in crop breeding. In future， de novo domestication may provide a new practical way for germplasm innovation and achieve novel breeding goals to face upcoming agriculture challenges. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Molecular Basis of Tree Traits Formation Shougong ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 48-58.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0943 Abstract （1006）   HTML （3）    PDF （640KB）（57）       Knowledge map    Save Forestry is one of the important industries of the national economy. In-depth study of tree traits for the purpose of human needs and analysis of the molecular basis of the formation of tree important traits are the basic guarantee for the establishment of efficient breeding technology system， and the key to cultivate breakthrough varieties that meet the major national needs. This is of great significance to ensure the sustainable development of forestry in China， and serve major strategies such as national timber security， food security， ecological security and rural revitalization. With the rapid development of biotechnology， the research on the molecular basis of tree traits has become more in-depth. This paper focused on the formation and regulation mechanism of wood formation， forest economic traits and tree stress resistance， sorted out the current research progress at home and abroad， reviewed the molecular basis of tree trait formation， and prospected the future research trends and technological development of tree traits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Biobreeding Techniques in Main Aquaculture Fish Species Yonghua SUN, Wei HU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 120-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0711 Abstract （998）   HTML （21）    PDF （535KB）（224）       Knowledge map    Save As blue food， fish and other aquatic products are recognized as healthy and high-quality sources of animal protein， and play significant roles in supporting global food and nutrition security. China is the largest aquaculture country in the world， and its success stories have attracted global attention. China has developed and utilized various breeding methods for aquaculture species， such as selection breeding， hybridization breeding， polyploid breeding， transgenic breeding， etc. and carried out genome editing and genome selection-based breeding in some species， pioneered some novel breeding methods， such as the fish germline stem cell-oriented approach and reproduction on-off strategy. By using these technologies， Chinese aquaculture scientists have bred various aquaculture species or fish lines with valuable traits， which drives and supports the high-quality development of Chinese aquaculture. This article systematically reviewed the development and application of the above biobreeding techniques in the generation and application of novel fish strains with valuable traits， and provided an outlook on the future development of biobreeding technology， which aimed to promote the breeding of new lines and varieties of aquaculture fish， and support the high-quality development of aquaculture in China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Trends and Strategies of Gene Circuit Design and Synthesis Technologies in Agricultural Organisms Min LIN, Lei WANG, Xiaofeng GU, Yongliang YAN, Zhu LIU, Tao TU, Bin YAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 101-111.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1021 Abstract （987）   HTML （10）    PDF （1036KB）（47）       Knowledge map    Save With the highly cross-integration of frontier disciplines such as bioomics， systems biology and synthetic biology， the new generation of genetic engineering technology has maked new breakthroughs. Gene circuit design and synthesis is the core technology of the new generation of genetic engineering， and its three technical characteristics are subversion， intelligence and precision. Accelerating the innovation of gene circuit design and synthesis technology of agricultural organisms will provide important technical support for creating a new generation of agricultural varieties and promoting the high-quality green development of Chinese agriculture. In this paper， the international development trends of gene circuit design and synthesis technology of agricultural organisms were summarized， and the development strategies and priority fields of intelligent design and precise expression technology of agricultural biological gene circuit in China were discussed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Integrated Rice-crayfish Farming System Hui XU, Yangyang ZHAO, Dongyue SUN, Yuanyuan KE, Lele ZHANG, Xiang CHEN, Fengzhen WEI, Jincai LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 160-168.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.1114 Abstract （889）   HTML （7）    PDF （781KB）（271）       Knowledge map    Save Integrated rice （Oryzasativa）-crayfish （Procambarusclarkii） farming system is considered as comprehensive farming system for rice and fisheries cultivation at the same time. In the recent years， it has developed rapidly in China， especially in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. This paper reviewed the theoretical research progress and industrial development of rice-shrimp co-cropping mode in the past decade. In the view of theoretical research progress， the influence of integrated rice-crayfish farming system on paddy field ecology was clarified from the characteristics of paddy field soil， water quality， biodiversity and greenhouse gas emission. And in view of technical research progress， the development of green production technology of integrated rice-crayfish farming system was contributing in stabilizing the sown area and reducing the input of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. At the same time， enhanced quality and output of paddy rice and crayfish had been observed. But for long term and large scaled development of rice-crayfish industry still needed to carry out industrial organization optimization and upgrading. Alongside， there were a small number of risky questions arise in the development of integrated rice-crayfish farming system， such as invasion risk， germplasm degradation，“only emphasizing crayfish， but neglecting rice” and so on. Such tricky questions restricted the sustainable development of integrated rice-crayfish farming system. In order to promote the research and wide application of integrated rice-crayfish farming system and cope such limitations， 3 suggestions were put forwarded， establishing agricultural analysis system and information database about paddy field， classifying the promotion areas of rice-crayfish； strengthening the research of basic theory and integrated technology mode and at the same time promoting the integration of research， implementation and production； strengthening policy support and technical services to ensure the economic benefits of business entities. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Long-term Straw Returning on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions Composition in Rice-Wheat Rotation Ecosystem Linlin DONG, Jinfang ZHA, Mingxing SHEN, Haihou WANG, Linlin SHI, Yueyue TAO, Xinwei ZHOU, Changying LU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (3): 166-175.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0545 Abstract （884）   HTML （7）    PDF （1056KB）（60）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the effect of long-term straw returning on content of soil organic carbon （SOC） in Taihu Lake rice-wheat rotation region， based on 10 years field positioning experiments， 4 treatments were set including no rice straw+all wheat straw returning （W）， all rice straw+no wheat straw returning （R）， half of rice straw and wheat straw returning （HRW） and all rice straw and wheat straw returning （ARW）， and no straw returning was control （CK）. The contents and components of SOC in different treatments were determined. The results showed that straw types and returning amounts significantly influenced the contents and compositions of SOC in rice-wheat rotation system. Compared with 2007， the growth rates of SOC， heavy fraction organic carbon （HFOC） and light fraction organic carbon （LFOC） were 0.18~0.46， 0.15~0.42 and -0.03~0.02 g·kg-1·a-1， respectively； the content of SOC and HFOC significantly increased in R， HRW and ARW treatments， and the carbon contents in light fraction organic matter （LFOM-C） decreased significantly in all treatments， which the decreased range of ARW treatment was more than other treatments. HFOC was the main component and accounted for more than 80% of SOC in all treatments， which the proportions of HFOC increased in W and HRW and decreased in CK， R and ARW treatments. Straw returning reduced the relationship between rice yield and the contents of SOC or components， and LFOC had more influence on rice yield than HFOC. In conclusion， all amount of rice and wheat straw returning could increase the content and stability of SOC， which could be considered as an ideal straw returning model in Taihu Lake region. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Reductive Soil Disinfestation on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Enzyme Activity in Continuous Cropping of Ginseng Ning YAN, Yu ZHAN, Xinyue MIAO, Ergang WANG, Changbao CHEN, Qiong LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (6): 133-144.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0695 Abstract （792）   HTML （7）    PDF （4023KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save Reductive soil disinfestation （RSD） and soil fumigation （SF） technologies can control soil-borne diseases more effectively and repair degraded soil quickly. In order to research the effects of 2 technologies on soil bacterial community of continuous cropping ginseng， 3 treatments were set up： reductive soil disinfestation plus soil fumigation （RSD+SF）， reductive soil disinfestation plus compound bacteria （RSD+F） and soil fumigation plus compound bacteria （SF+F）. IlluminaMiseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze and determine the soil bacterial community and soil enzyme activities by 3 soil modification methods. The results showed that the highest diversity and richness of bacterial community was found in RSD+F group， and those of the lowest was found in SF+F group， and 3 groups had 431 identical bacterial genera. The highest bacterial richness was Gemmatimonas with abundance of 9.17% in RSD+SF group， norank_f_noranko_Gaiellales had the highest bacterial richness with abundance of 8.72% in RSD+F group， and Bacillus had the highest bacterial richness with abundance of 9.16% in RSD+F group. Bacillus was the common dominant bacterial community of the top 10 dominant flora in the soil by 3 improved methods. Correlation analysis showed that the soil enzyme activity significantly correlated with soil bacterial community structure. With the increase of growth time， the soil enzyme activities of continuous cropping ginseng with different soil modification methods were significantly different （P<0.05）. In conclusion， 3 soil improvement methods could increase the richness of beneficial bacteria genus and improve soil enzyme activity to different degrees， and the number of beneficial bacteria genus and soil enzyme activity in RSD+SF group and RSD+F group were higher than those in SF+F group. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial Gynogenesis Technique and Its Application in Fish Breeding Wen FU, Liangyue PENG, Yamei XIAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 42-48.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0576 Abstract （733）   HTML （8）    PDF （450KB）（170）       Knowledge map    Save Gynogenesis is a special reproductive mode that depends on female prokaryotic development. Artificial gynogenesis technique （AGT） has been developed into an effective way of fish genetic improvement， which plays an important role in the purification and rejuvenation of fish germplasm and breeding of fine species. Based on the practice of fish breeding， this paper systematically summarized the technical approaches and research status of AGT， and put forward the existing problems of AGT， in order to provide reference for the future development of AGT. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Development of New Germplasm of Forest Trees Junhui WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 129-141.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0946 Abstract （724）   HTML （3）    PDF （945KB）（115）       Knowledge map    Save The innovation of forest germplasm is the basis for the revitalization of forest seed industry， and is a solid foundation for ensuring the national timber， grain and oil and ecological security. With the upgrading of instruments and equipment， the development of multi-omics， intelligence and information technology and the improvement of relevant theoretical level， the research of forest germplasm in China has changed from traditional empirical collection and extensive evaluation to modern， targeted and efficient new germplasm creation and large-scale， accurate， systematic evaluation and mining. This paper reviewed the progress of new forest germplasm creation in China from 4 aspects： the current situation， the core key technology， the large-scale breeding， and the future development direction of new forest germplasm. It was proposed that the combination of traditional hybrid breeding and modern biotechnology should accelerate the development of high-throughput accurate evaluation， whole genome selection， precise genome operation new technologies for germplasm develpment and breeding， such as synthetic biology and cell factory， serve the creation of high-quality germplasm and the cultivation of breakthrough new varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Review on Crop Digital Twin System for Monitoring Growth Status and Environmental Response Wei LI, Deli ZHU, Qing WANG, Shaohua ZENG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (6): 90-105.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0235 Abstract （690）   HTML （26）    PDF （3460KB）（239）       Knowledge map    Save At the digital and intelligent stage of agricultural production， people need to comprehensively and accurately understand crop growth status and farmland environment in real-time， and make corresponding analysis， feedback， and decision through relevant information. Aiming at this problem， this paper drew on the concept of the industrial digital twin system and summarized the interactive system between the synchronization of actual crop growth and simulated growth， the real-time status of crops， and the real-time management strategy of crops as a crop digital twin system. Based on the research at home and abroad， this paper pointed out that the crop digital twin system included the stages of acquiring and transmitting data， building models， and visualization interaction； its key technologies included sensor technology， image segmentation technology， modeling technology， and visualization technology. In addition， this paper considered that the research in this field could be carried out from the aspects of basic crop data， system model capabilities， and multi-platform collaborative interaction. The related research on crop digital twin system for monitoring growth status and environmental response had greater practical significance for intelligent and digital agricultural production， and also had greater application value in theory and application. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of the Growth of Rhodococcus pyridinivorans Rp3 and Ability to Degrade Skatole Yuhong WU, Rongjun GUO, Guizhen MA, Shidong LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (6): 82-89.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0139 Abstract （677）   HTML （0）    PDF （855KB）（15）       Knowledge map    Save To obtain an optimal medium for the growth of Rhodococcuspyridinivorans strain Rp3 and clarify the influence of different factors on its ability to degrade skatole， the fermentation medium was optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments， and the skatole content in the medium was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to determine the effects of optimal carbon and nitrogen， metal ions， temperature， and continuous subculture on the growth of strain Rp3 and its ability to degrade skatole. The results showed that strain Rp3 could utilize skatole as the sole carbon for its growth. The growth of strain Rp3 promoted by organic carbon and nitrogen was as following： yeast extract powder>beef extract>sucrose. The optimal carbon and nitrogen were sucrose 16 g·L-1， beef extract 14 g·L-1 and yeast extract 6 g·L-1. Skatole couldn’t be degraded in the medium without Mg2+， and its degradation significantly reduced when Mg2+ was replaced by Fe2+， Mn2+ and Zn2+. The skatole degrading ability of strain Rp3 increased with the raised temperature. The degrading efficacy could reach 82.9%~95.5% when cultured at 28~40 ℃ for 24 hours. The carbon and nitrogen source and continuous subculture didn’t affect the skatole degradation by strain Rp3. The above results indicated that Rhodococcuspyridinivorans Rp3 was a potential strain to be developed further due to its convenient and stable culturing characteristics. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Heterologous Expression and Characterization of a Catalase from Pseudomonas stutzer S12 ZHAO Shuxue, LIU Xiaoqing, WU Ningfeng, TIAN Jian Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2021, 23 (11): 73-80.   DOI: 10.1334/j.nykjdb.2020.0838 Abstract （653）      PDF （2064KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save At present, the commercial catalases mostly come from animal liver and Aspergillus niger fermentation, but these enzymes usually have poor thermal stability, low enzyme activity and high price. In order to solve this problem, a strain of Pseudomonas Stutzeri S12 with the high-level activity of catalase was isolated from landfill leachate. Through whole genome sequencing and gene identification, the gene katE encoding catalase in this strain was found, and it was heterologously expressed and purified in E. coli BL21 (DE3). KatE’s optimal temperature was 35 ℃, the optimal pH was 8.0, and its activity couldreach to 1 349 U·mg-1. The enzyme had a wide range of temperature adaptability in the range of 10 ～ 40 ℃. KatE had good thermal stability. After being treated at 50 ℃ for 5 h, 70% enzyme activity was remained, and after being incubated at 60 ℃ for 2 h, 50% enzyme activity was remained. The Km and Vmax values were 100.5 mmol·L-1 and 16 666 μmol·L-1·min-1, respectively. The enzyme activity was better under medium and low temperature conditions, showed good thermal stability and high enzyme activity, which provided a new material for the development of new commercial catalase. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Three Bacillus Agents on Seedling Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco Yuqin XIAO, Xiao LEI, Mingjin ZHANG, Yuangai ZHANG, Shan TANG, Hongfei JI, Chuan WANG, Cuiling MA, Yanqiu JING Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (5): 85-92.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0559 Abstract （650）   HTML （4）    PDF （669KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save In order to further understand the effects of microbial agents on the growth and development of root in tobacco seedling period，3 microbial agents including Brevibacilluslaterosporus， Bacillussubtilis and Bacilluslicheniformis were added into the floating seedling nutrient solution. Agronomic traits， root activity， antioxidant enzymes and chemical composition of tobacco leaves after transplantation were determined. The results showed that application of microbial agents had significant effects on agronomic traits， root activity， antioxidant enzymes and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco. Compared with CK， Brevibacilluslaterosporus increased the root fresh weight， root length， root surface area and volume of tobacco seedling， improved the activities of SOD， POD and CAT， significantly enhanced the root activity， increased the soluble protein content， reduced the MDA content， and made the leaf tobacco chemical composition more harmonious. So， Brevibacilluslaterosporus was recommended as adding microbial agents into the nutrient solution of floating tobacco seedlings， which should promote the root development of tobacco seedlings. The application of Brevibacilluslaterosporus could significantly enhance the activity of protective enzymes in the roots of tobacco seedlings， thus improve the growth and development of tobacco roots， cultivate strong seedlings and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Microbial Community Structure of Potato Rhizosphere Soil and Its Response to Drought Stress Lili WANG, Congpei YIN, Feng LI, Zhimin YANG, Fangming LIU, Baisong LIN, Xiaojing LIU, Haijun LIU, Jing SUN, Dongdong SHAN, Jianghui CUI, Zhenqing ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (6): 58-69.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0692 Abstract （621）   HTML （12）    PDF （4580KB）（92）       Knowledge map    Save To study the microbial community structure of potato rhizosphere soil and its response to drought stress， the pot experiment was performed， and the rhizosphere soils of potatoes with different drought stress were as materials. The potatoes rhizosphere soil （planted soil） and CK soil were collected at flowering stages. Then the microbial DNA was isolated， and the V3~V4 region of bacteria was deep sequenced by Illumina Miseq. The characteristics of microbial community structure was analyzed. The results showed that a total of 1 263 889 effective sequences were identified， among which 6 785 OTUs belonged to 33 phyla， 94 classes， 267 orders， 462 families， 919 genera， and 1 930 species. Compared with CK soil before planted potato， Proteobacteria， Actinobacteria， Acidobacteria， Chloroflexi， Bacteroidetes， Firmicutes and Gemmatimonadetes were the dominant phyla in the rhizosphere soil after planted potato， and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased significantly. Drought stress increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria， Bacteroidetes， Gemmatimonadetes and Pseudomonas. Principal coordinates analysis （PCoA） showed that potatoes planted and drought stress were the main causes of variation in soil bacterial community structure. Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states （PICRUSt） profiling indicated that sequences related to metabolism， signaling transduction， defense mechanism and basic vital activity were enriched in the drought-treated rhizosphere soil， which might be important for plant survival and drought tolerance， and provided new insights for the researches of improving drought tolerance of potatoes by soil microorganisms. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current Situation and Countermeasures Analysis of China’s Crop Seed Industry Lingbo KONG, Qiao LIN, Yingli NIE, Jingjing WANG, Hong WEI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (4): 1-13.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0507 Abstract （590）   HTML （32）    PDF （2542KB）（885）       Knowledge map    Save Crop seed industry is a national strategic and basic core industry， which is the foundation for promoting the long-term stable development of China’s agriculture and ensuring the national food security. In order to comprehensively study the development status of China’s crop seed industry， there were three dimensions of seed industry had been analyzed， including the seed industry policy， enterprise competitiveness and the supply and demand status of superior seed production. The key points of policy support in crop seed industry were summarized， the core competitiveness of leading enterprises was shown and the advantage had been contrasted with international seed enterprises. Meanwhile， the industrialization characteristics of two superior seed were analyzed， such as hybrid maize and hybrid rice. Based on the content of analyzed， the problems in the development of China’s crop seed industry were summarized. The countermeasures and suggestions put forward for establishing a financial security system， strengthening the protection and utilization of germplasm resources， accelerating the innovation of breeding technology， promoting the joint breeding of science and enterprises， and improving the legal and regulatory system， which would provide reference for the innovation and development of China’s crop seed industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Proposal Application， Peer Review and Funding of the Basic Agriculture and Crop Science Discipline of National Natural Science Foundation in 2021 Shanshan WEI, Xingfeng LI, Jing LUO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (4): 1-10.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0130 Abstract （575）   HTML （46）    PDF （2156KB）（381）       Knowledge map    Save In order to continuously promote the reform of science funds， facilitate the balanced and coordinated sustainable development of discipline， the proposal application， review and funding conditions under the new application code of the basic agriculture and crop science discipline of National Natural Science Foundation in 2021 were analyzed. The category-specific application and review based on the 4 types of scientific natures were also analyzed， and main problems and suggestions existing in the project application were proposed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on the Aflatoxin Determination Method in Food Bing HU, Haonan SHI, Benlun HU, Siming ZHAO, Ru LIU, Caihua JIA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (1): 106-118.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0530 Abstract （568）   HTML （37）    PDF （2117KB）（185）       Knowledge map    Save Toxic fungi is easy to contaminate food and produce mycotoxins， especially in the growth and processing of cereal， among which aflatoxin is more harmful to human body， seriously endangering the health of consumers. Efficient food safety detection technology is important means to protect consumers from aflatoxin poisoning. This paper introduced the research progress of aflatoxin detection in food at home and abroad in recent years. The application and existing problems of high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）， liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry（LC-MS）， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）， time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay（TRFIA）， gold immune chromatography assay（GICT）， surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy （SERS） and electrochemical sensor（ES） in the detection of aflatoxin in food were analyzed， so as to provide reference for related research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bipartite Intelligent Design of Crops—Intelligent Combination of Natural Variation and Intelligent Creation of Artificial Variation Hai WANG, Jinsheng LAI, Haiyang WANG, Xinhai LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (6): 1-8.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0391 Abstract （565）   HTML （39）    PDF （503KB）（479）       Knowledge map    Save We are witnessing a profound and far-reaching revolution in crop breeding. Intelligent design of crops，driven by interdisciplinary integration of biotechnology（BT）and information technology（IT），is now outperforming and replacing traditional breeding methods. Future intelligent design of crops should be bipartite. Intelligent cross breeding is based on large-scale genomic，phenotypic and environmental data platforms，as well as statistical models built upon them. These will facilitate the design of optimal combinations of natural genomic variants，and realization of such design by the fastest breeding scheme. Intelligent biological breeding，on the other hand，will harness the power of artificial intelligence （especially generative models）and synthetic evolution to design genomic components or proteins of agronomic importance，placing genome editing and synthetic biology at the center of crop genetic improvement. This viewpoint discussed the theoretical basis，cutting-edge technologies and future directions of both branches of intelligent crop design. Limiting factors from public and private sectors that are making the bottlenecks in intelligent design of crops were also discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and Utilization of KASP Marker LCd-38 for Cadmium Accumulation in Rice Grain Jun XU, Ting LI, Minjun HU, Yugen JIANG, Huili YAN, Wenxiu XU, Yijun YU, Zhenyan HE Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (3): 40-47.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.1037 Abstract （546）   HTML （16）    PDF （2178KB）（252）       Knowledge map    Save Rice （Oryza sativa L.） is one of staple food in China， and the cadmium pollution of rice threatens food security. Screening and breeding of rice varieties with low-cadmium accumulation can effectively reduce the risk， and accurate molecular markers play vital roles in it. In this study， taking the rice mini-core collection as the material， a KASP molecular marker LCd-38 was developed based on the functional SNP site in the gene related to grain cadmium accumulation. The cadmium-polluted soil safe to use was chosen as the experimental area， and LCd-38 was used to genotype and screen rice varieties with low cadmium-accumulation in grain. The developed marker LCd-38 could effectively divide different rice varieties into high-cadmium accumulation genotypes （CC） and low-cadmium accumulation genotypes （TT）. 5 low-cadmium accumulation rice varieties and 5 high-cadmium accumulation rice varieties were quickly identified in the experimental area using leaves at seedling stage， which were consistent with the results of measured grain cadmium concentration at maturity stage. These results indicated that the molecular marker LCd-38 could efficiently and accurately predict the cadmium accumulation characteristics of different rice varieties and be used for early screening and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding of low-cadmium accumulation rice varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Situation of China's Animal Husbandry Development and High-quality Development Strategy Selection Xuezhen XIONG, Chun YANG, Xiaoping MA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (3): 1-10.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0549 Abstract （542）   HTML （25）    PDF （2678KB）（181）       Knowledge map    Save Animal husbandry is important for promoting the prosperity of rural industry， increasing farmers' income and improving people's life. Through the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis， this paper reviewed the development of animal husbandry in China since the reform and opening up， comprehensively analyzed the key constraints of animal husbandry according to the high-quality development objectives， and systematically put forward the basic strategies of animal husbandry high-quality development. Results showed that the production scale of Chinese animal husbandry was significantly expanded， and product structure was optimized， production way was upgraded， development concept changed obviously， which greatly enriched and satisfied the people's increasing need of a better life； in the economic， yield， protein etc. dimensions， relatively stable production layout had formed， fromed the traditional incremental oriented development era into high quality development in the new period； however， in order to achieve the goal of high-quality development， there were still some key constraints， such as improved breeds of livestock and poultry， animal diseases， breeding technology， shortage of resources and environmental protection. Finally， the high-quality development strategies were proposed from the following eight aspects including seed industry security， supply stability， technical support， structure optimization， green development， appropriate scale， internal and external circulation， and policy stability. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Status and Prospect of Rice New Breeding Technology Xiaoqian MA, Tao YANG, Quan ZHANG, Hongliang ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (1): 24-30.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0490 Abstract （541）   HTML （30）    PDF （461KB）（268）       Knowledge map    Save Rice is one of the major food crops in China， high yield and grain quality has always been the major goal of rice breeding. The improvement of breeding technology is conducive to enhance breeding efficiency. With the rapid development of plant biotechnology， rice breeding technologies have been also gradually improved. This review summarized several widely used breeding techniques in rice， including molecular marker assisted breeding， transgenic breeding， gene editing-based breeding and molecular design breeding， and discussed the development trend of these breeding techniques， which would provide reference for rice seed industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Regulatory Mechanism of Brassinolide on Plant Root Development Zhiyong WU, Hong GU, Dawei CHENG, Lan LI, Shasha HE, Ming LI, Jinyong CHEN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (2): 68-76.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0836 Abstract （536）   HTML （11）    PDF （1649KB）（179）       Knowledge map    Save Brassinosteroids （BRs） are new plant hormones discovered in the late 20 century. They are involved in regulating many aspects of plant growth and development， and have important regulatory roles in plant root development. Brassinolide （BL） is the first highly active BR which structure has been determined. This review first introduced the discovery of BR， the study of the signal pathway of BR on regulating root growth， and further elaborated the research progress of BR pathway transcription factors interacting with auxin， cytokinin （CTK）， ethylene （ETH） and other signaling molecules to regulate root stem cell niche， root apical meristem， root cell elongation， lateral roots， root hairs， and root gravitropic. And it also put forward questions and prospects for the in-depth study of BR's regulation in plant root development. The review provided a theoretical basis for the application of BR in regulating plant root development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Application Prospect of Quinoa Cultivation Technology Tianming QI, Zhijian LI, Peiyou QIN, Guixing REN, Bangwei ZHOU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (3): 157-165.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0190 Abstract （531）   HTML （4）    PDF （535KB）（186）       Knowledge map    Save Quinoa is an annual dicotyledonous plant of the genus quinoa， which originated in the Andes Mountain of South America. It has become an important new crop of food and feeding in China after introduction. At present， quinoa has been mainly planted in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau， North China Plain， Northeast Plain， Northwest China and Central China. Due to different geographical location and climate characteristics， its cultivation measures and the threat of diseases and pests are also different. In view of the wide range of quinoa planting areas， the confusion of cultivation techniques and the diversity of planting problems in China， this paper summarized the relevant cultivation techniques of different quinoa planting areas in China， and systematically elaborated the current situation of quinoa cultivation in China from the aspects of planting measures， field management， pest control and so on. The existing problems and future development prospects were proposed. According to the actual situation， all regions should fully tap the potential of quinoa production combined with respective ecological characteristics， which provided reference for further promoting the rapid development of quinoa industrialization in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Experiment of a Two-Stage Segmented Drum Screening Device for Black Soldier Fly Insect Sand Qin FANG, Shisheng SONG, Ting ZHOU, Caiwang PENG, Songlin SUN, Haiying ZHU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (3): 130-139.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0673 Abstract （512）   HTML （17）    PDF （2306KB）（125）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problems of high impurity rate and high loss rate of black soldier fly larvae during the sorting process of black soldier fly insect sand， combined with the mechanical and physical characteristics of black soldier fly insect sand， a black soldier fly insect sand separation device was designed. The device was mainly composed of two-stage drum screen， sprocket and motor. Taking drum speed， drum inclination angle， and feeding amount as the test factors， impurity rate and loss rate as evaluation indexes， a three-factor three-level orthogonal test was designed to study the influence of each factor on the screening performance of the black soldier fly insect sand with a water content of 30.2%. The results showed that the order of the factors to impact the impurity rate was the feed amount， the drum speed and the drum inclination angle； the order of the factors to the loss rate was the drum speed， the feed amount and the drum inclination angle. Using Design-Expert software analysis， the best combination of the factors was obtained as follows： the drum speed was 30 r·min-1， the drum inclination angle was 7°， and the feed amount was 1.6 t·h-1， the impurity rate was 1.109%， and the loss rate was 8.430%. The results of verification test showed， the impurity rate was 1.165%， the loss rate was 8.877%， which was basically the same as the verification test results. The research results provided reference for the design of black soldier fly insect sand screening equipment and optimization of operating parameters. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics