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Global Genetically Modified Crop Industrialization Trends in 2022 Haohui LI, Caiyue LIU, Haiwen ZHANG, Xujing WANG, Qiaoling TANG, Youhua WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (12): 6-16.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0756 Abstract （1651）   HTML （79）    PDF （752KB）（862）       Knowledge map    Save Since the commercialization of genetically modified （GM） crops in 1996， their industrial applications have developed rapidly in worldwide with increasing planting area and crop types， which have significant economic and social benefits. This paper analyzed the global situation of GM crops cultivation in 2022， and the development trends of major countries and regions planting GM crops. In 2022， the planting area of GM crops accounted for about 12% of the total arable land area with an increase of 3.3%. The number of the countries approved to cultivate GM crops increased to 29， and 71 countries and regions approved the commercial application of GM products. Based on the planting area of GM crops， the GM corn and soybean were dominant， and the planting area of the GM crops with multiple traits was also constantly expanding. The industrial applications of GM crops will become new growth driver for agricultural production and economic development， and the applications and effects of GM crops will continuously increase with the iterative upgrading of bioengineering breeding technologies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Trends and Strategies for Development of Crop Seed Industry in China Xinhai LI, Ming LU, Jun ZHENG, Xiaofeng GU, Lijuan QIU, Yu LI, Youzhi MA, Jianmin WAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 1-7.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1101 Abstract （1590）   HTML （46）    PDF （506KB）（317）       Knowledge map    Save Seed industry is a strategic and basic industry， and clarifying the development path of China’s crop seed industry is very important to enhance the competitiveness of national agriculture. This paper analyzed the development trend of the international crop seed industry， assessed the opportunities and challenges faced by the development of China’s crop seed industry， and proposed the innovative development strategies of China’s crop seed industry in the new era. Our study reckoned that the new round of scientific and technological revolution characterized by “biotechnology and informatization” had promoted the comprehensive upgrading of the crop seed industry， biotechnology productions had become an important growth point for the development of the seed industry， and multinational seed enterprises had accelerated their occupation of the global seed market. Global scientific and technological innovation and China’s economic transformation and development have brought new opportunities for the development of China’s crop seed industry. Currently，China has basically established a scientific and technological innovation system for crop seed， and seed enterprises have continued to grow， but still facing some challenges such as insufficient original innovation in key science and technology， imperfect seed industry innovation system. Our study suggested that China’s crop seed industry should further strengthen the effective cohesion in the innovation chain and build a deep integration system of production， education and research in the new era， and consolidate the original foundation of seed science and technology， produce high-value intellectual property rights such as key technologies and elite new varieties， as well as cultivate innovative enterprises， improve policy mechanisms and business environment， and promote the high-quality development of the crop seed industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Status of Pre-prepared Poultry Meat Dishes Industry， Influencing Factors and Promotion Strategies of Its Quality and Safety Shenghai HUANG, Xiujun TANG, Xiaoxu JIA, Lina MA, Yinyin LIU, Yushi GAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 133-140.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0543 Abstract （1483）   HTML （1）    PDF （519KB）（242）       Knowledge map    Save Pre-prepared poultry meat dishes plays an important role in improving people’s living standards， rural revitalization， standardization of the catering industry and high-quality development of the poultry industry. However， there are many unfavorable factors affecting the quality and safety during the production and consumption processes of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes. The factors that affect quality and safety in various aspects such as poultry breeding and slaughtering， processing and packaging， storage and transportation， sales and consumption of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes were analyzed. According to the establishment of poultry ecological breeding environment and input management， the construction of poultry slaughtering site and production management， the optimization of pre-prepared poultry meat dishes processing technology and the implementation of green label system， the selection of packaging materials and the application of packaging technology， the establishment of scientific management system and the application of information technology in storage and transportation， the improvement of sales management system and scientific guidance to consumers and so on， corresponding optimization strategies were proposed aiming to promote the improvements of quality and safety and the development of the pre-prepared poultry meat dishes industry， which provided a theoretical basis and model reference for rural revitalization， the solution of the problem of ‘agriculture， rural areas and farmers’， the development of poultry industry and catering industry， the needs of the people for a better life and the construction of ecological civilization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Accelerate the Research and Application of Biological Breeding to Promote the Self-Reliance of Agricultural Science and Technology Wen ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 8-14.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0733 Abstract （1391）   HTML （13）    PDF （491KB）（449）       Knowledge map    Save Food security is the the pillar of national development and safety. General Secretary XI Jinping pointed that the fundamental solution to stabilize and increase the food production lay in the scientific and technological progress concerning the limited arable land in domestic. At present， a new round of scientific and technological revolution in agriculture characterized by modern biotechnology is breeding major breakthroughs， and plays a leading role in the development of modern agriculture. The development of biological breeding is an important strategy to ensure the national food security and enhance the international competitiveness. This paper introduced the development trend of biological breeding in the development of international agricultural science and technology. For promoting the industrial application of biological breeding， 4 of relationships should be correctly handled， and 4 tasks should be put forward， which provided theoretical guidance for accelerating the development and application of biological breeding technologies in China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial Intelligence Accelerates Epigenetics and Plant Breeding Weijun GUO, Dongwei LI, Shang XIE, Liwen YANG, Cong LI, Jian TIAN, Li PU, Xiaofeng GU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 90-100.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1031 Abstract （1377）   HTML （31）    PDF （1136KB）（346）       Knowledge map    Save The rapid growth of the global population and tremendous climatic changes are new challenges for food security and compel breeders to develop new avenues of crop breeding. In recent years， the deep integration of biotechnology （BT） with artificial intelligence （AI）， big data， and other information technology （IT） has promoted the rapid development of intelligent design breeding technology. AI-based breeding technology accelerates multi-omics mapping and functional elucidation and the identification of excellent allele variations around the genome， and breeds new varieties through genome design breeding traits. The crucial agricultural breeding traits of crops are synergistically regulated by genetic， epigenetic， and environmental factors that epigenetic marks bridge other factors playing a pivotal role in the regulation of traits. The development of intelligent design technology makes it possible for accurate design breeding based on epigenetic inheritance， which is becoming a new way to improve crop breeding traits. The deep integration of epigenetics and AI has greatly facilitated the identification of genome-wide epigenetic modification sites and the elucidation of regulatory mechanisms. The design of regulatory circuits based on these epigenetic sites has been innovated to achieve the directional creation of new germplasm with excellent comprehensive traits and the cultivation of major varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of New Crop Germplasm Enhancement in China Hao CHEN, Fei ZHOU, Yongjun LIN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 112-119.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0998 Abstract （1333）   HTML （11）    PDF （493KB）（339）       Knowledge map    Save As a country with a large population and agriculture， our government has always attached great importance to agricultural issues and food security. Based on the national conditions of large population and limited arable land resources， China tolces relying on scientific and technological development to improve the yield level as the main means to ensure the food security. With the active deployment and strong support on agricultural development， China has made continuous breakthroughs and innovations in crop breeding theory and technology in recent years. The genetic dissection of important agronomic traits of crops， the utilization of gene alleles with high breeding value， the innovation and application of gene editing technology， genomic breeding and de novo domestication strategies， industrialization pilot of transgenic soybean and maize provide new ideas and strategies for the creation of new crop germplasm in China. This paper sorted out and reviewed some representative achievements made by China in this field， and briefly summarized and looked forward to the development prospects. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Biocontrol Mechanism and Synergistic Disease Prevention of Trichoderma Xiao WEI, Chunxia CAO, Daye HUANG, Jingwu YAO, Qinfeng YUAN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 126-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0524 Abstract （1315）   HTML （4）    PDF （551KB）（46）       Knowledge map    Save Trichoderma is a widely distributed filamentous fungus and widely used as a biological fungicide to control a variety of plant diseases in agriculture due to its excellent biocontrol potential. Trichoderma can reduce plant diseases caused by pathogens through different direct mechanisms （mycoparasitism and the production of cell wall degrading enzymes， antibiosis， competition for space or nutrients） or indirect mechanisms （induction of plant defense ）. Compound biocontrol agents have received increasing attention in recent years. Trichoderma can be used in combination with other biocontrol products to produce better biocontrol effects because of its resistance to chemical pesticides and compatibility with rhizosphere microorganisms. The related mechanisms of Trichoderma， including parasitism， antibiosis， nutrient competition and induction of plant resistance were summarized， and the current research progress were discussed. In addition， the research progress of synergistic disease prevention between Trichoderma and other microorganisms or non-biological （chemical fungicides， other substances） with disease prevention effect was reviewed， and the current research status and the subsequent development prospects of Trichoderma as a biological fungicide were explored. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Amino Acid Content Analysis of Different Fresh Corn Varieties at Suitable Harvest Time Baishan LU, Hui DONG, Jiuran ZHAO, Li XU, Yanli FAN, Yaxing SHI, Ronghuan WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 132-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0680 Abstract （1306）   HTML （7）    PDF （544KB）（529）       Knowledge map    Save The amino acid content of 26 different fresh corn varieties was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， and the similarity between different types of fresh corn and WHO/FAO standard amino acid model value was compared， and the amino acid content was analyzed by amino acid ratio coefficient method. The results showed that，the total amino acid content of the tested fresh corn varieties ranged from 6.85 to 16.66 mg·g-1， and Jingketian 533 （16.66 mg·g-1）， Jingkenuo 623 （12.01 mg·g-1） and Nongkenuo 336 （14.44 mg·g-1） was higher than other varieties of sweet， waxy， sweet+waxy type， respectively. Essential amino acids accounted for 10.38%~22.43%， and Jingketian 816 （17.39%）， Jingkenuo 656 （22.43%） and Nongkeyu 368 （18.16%） was higher than other varieties of sweet， waxy， sweet+waxy type， respectively. Analysis of flavor amino acids showed the content of fresh and sweet amino acids of Jingketian 533 and Nongkenuo 336 were higher than that of other varieties. The content of methionine+cysteine was higher than that of WHO/FAO standard mode， while the content of other amino acids were lower than the standard amino acid model value， belonging to the relative lack of amino acids. There were 6 varieties with amino acid ratio coefficient score （SRC） more than 50， including sweet corn varieties Jingketian 183 （58.17）， Jingketian 608 （57.79）， Jingketian 533 （53.32） and Jingketian 816 （53.03）， sweet+waxy corn varieties Nongkeyu 368（51.05） and Nongkenuo 336 （50.63）， indicating that their protein nutritional value was balanced and easy to be absorbed and utilized by the human body. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genome Editing and Its Applications in Crop Improvement Lei YAN, Jinshan ZHANG, Jiankang ZHU, Lanqin XIA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 78-89.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1030 Abstract （1302）   HTML （21）    PDF （1256KB）（240）       Knowledge map    Save In the context of climate change， increasing world population， decreased farmland as well as frequent outbreaks of natural disasters， global food production is facing unprecedent challenges. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing technologies enable targeted genome modification in a sequence-specific manner， offering great potential in crop improvement. This review aimed to provide an informative summary of the latest development and breakthroughs in CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing technologies including gene knockout， base editing， prime editing and gene replacement through homology-directed repair （HDR）， as well as their applications in crop improvement. Finally， we discussed the existing challenges and future prospects in the development of novel genome editing toolkits and their applications in agriculture to ensure global food security and sustainable agricultural development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Biological Characteristics of a Colletotrichum fructicola Causing Chestnut Internal Rot Disease Shifeng MU, Xiaolei WEN, Lina FENG, Dexuan ZHAO, Suhong GAO, Peng GAO, Huixia QI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 122-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0871 Abstract （1300）   HTML （4）    PDF （1614KB）（33）       Knowledge map    Save Chestnut internal rot is the main disease of chestnut during postharvest storage， which causes rot and mildew of chestnut kernel and brings huge economic losses to production. In order to clarify the pathogenic bacteria and its biological characteristics， the strain ZHZF21 was obtained by tissue isolation method. The strain was identified by morphological characteristics and ITS， TUB2 and CAL multi-gene sequence analysis. The pathogenicity of strain ZHZF21 was determined by mycelial inoculation method， and its biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that the colony of strain ZHZF21 was dark green ring concentric circles， with sexual and asexual reproduction stages. This strain was clustered with Colletotrichum fructicola numbered NDSTY31 in GenBank based on multi-gene sequences. Combined with colony morphological characteristics and molecular tree， strain ZHZF21 was preliminarily identified as Colletotrichum fructicola. The brown lesions after inoculation of strain ZHZF21 were consistent with the natural symptoms. The strain ZHZF21 could grow at 5~35 ℃， the optimum temperature was 25 ℃， the lethal temperature was 45~50 ℃， and the optimum pH was 6. Under the condition of full darkness， strain ZHZF21 grew fastest， the utilization rates of arabinose and yeast were the highest， the utilization rate of lactose was the lowest， and urea could hardly be used. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Epigenetic Regulation and Crop Breeding Xianwei SONG, Shanjie TANG, Xiaofeng CAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 33-38.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1040 Abstract （1292）   HTML （18）    PDF （440KB）（249）       Knowledge map    Save Epigenetic is a biological phenomenon that DNA sequence unchanged but gene expression was genetically altered， and it includs DNA methylation， histone modification and variants， RNA modification， chromatin remodeling and non coding RNA etc. Epigenetic mainly regulates gene expression and transposon activity at transcriptional and post transcriptional levels. More and more research showed that epigenetic plays an important role in the formation of important agronomic traits and ploidy breeding of crops. This paper reviewed the important progress in the research of epigenetic regulation directly related to crop breeding， and analyzed its potential and ways of application in crop breeding， which were expected to accelerate and promote the basic and applied research of plant epigenetic regulation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Research on Alleviating Obstacles of Continuous Cropping by Soil Sterilization and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Yaping FAN, Baiquan SONG, Changxian WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (10): 158-167.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0386 Abstract （1280）   HTML （4）    PDF （562KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save The continuous cropping obstacles have been widespread in horticultural production， and the reasons were complicated. It has done serious harm to the ecosystem consisting of soil， plants and rhizosphere microorganisms. The economical and convenient soil sterilization technologies effectively alleviate the obstacles， among the sterilization technologies， high temperature sterilization and reductive soil disinfestation improve soil environment. Meanwhile， symbiotic associations between arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi and plant root systems is helpful to reconstruction of rhizosphere ecosystems. Focused on the continuous cropping obstacles， this paper reviewed the effect of high temperature sterilization， reductive soil disinfestation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the obstacles alleviation and their mechanisms. Furthermore， meaningful research works in this field were prospected. The review provided a theoretical and technical basis for the alleviation of continuous cropping obstacles in horticultural production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prospects for Commercialization of Biotech Breeding Technology of Important Crops in China Jian ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 15-24.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0697 Abstract （1277）   HTML （13）    PDF （538KB）（950）       Knowledge map    Save China has more population in the world but with limited arable land and water resources. Scientific innovation becomes a unique solution to promote the crop productions for national food security. Commercialization of biotech breeding technology in maize， soybean， oil rape and cotton has played a critical role in seed industry developmentin these major crop production countries including US， Brazil and Argentina. After over 20 years’ scientific innovation of biotech crop research and development （R&D） in China， the biotechnology crops for maize and soybean with resistance to insect and herbicide tolerant traits have been ready， these biotech crops would not only reduce the inputs of crop production， but also increase the yield and farmers’ incomes significantly. Due to the commercialization of biotech breeding technology involves in multiple aspects of research and development of scientific innovation， regulatory appraisal of biosafety and stewardship requirements， international trade， agricultural production and public acceptance etc.， which is a large and complex system engineer. Therefore， only those of the larger seed enterprises with capabilities can lead the whole processes by integrating R&D resources of scientific， academic and seed industrial units to create an innovation consortium for collaborations across the whole R&D chain and commercial chain together. Such an innovation consortium will be capable to continuously launch new varieties with better-yielding， nutritious， less inputs and environmental-friendly products should steadily support the commercialization of biotech breeding technology of important crops towards a sustainable and high-quality development of seed industry in China. Biotech breeding technology is the core of seed innovation， so establishing an innovative system for modern breeding and strengthening the deep mine of germplasm resources plus breaking through the key technologies of cutting-edge breeding for strategic new varieties， becomes the solution for germplasm improvement and a key for winning the seed industry as well as the fundamental support for firmly grasping the initiative of food security. This paper summarized the application of biotech breeding， and proposed the developmental strategies of modern seed industry. Biotech breeding technology will become the important approach to solve the germplasm resource shortage and environmental constrains faced by China’s agricultural development while driving the development of China’s modern seed industry and the continuous improvement of international competitiveness， and realizing the leap from a large seed industry to a strong seed country. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Different Storage Temperatures on Quality of Jingcai 1 Watermelon Lanting XIANG, Shuhui SONG, Lijuan LIU, Xiaoling SHE, Jiahua ZHOU, Baogang WANG, Hong CHANG, Chao ZHANG, Daqi FU, Yunxiang WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 137-145.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0685 Abstract （1262）   HTML （0）    PDF （1639KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effect of storage temperature on Jingcai 1 watermelon， the fruits of Jingcai 1 watermelon were storaged under 5， 15 and 25 ℃. The firmness， rate of weight loss， chilling injury， soluble solids， pectin， cellulose， soluble sugar， organic acid， lycopene， β?-carotene and vitamin C contents were determined under different temperature treatments. The results showed that， with the storage extending， the weight loss rate of Jingcai 1 watermelon fruit increased， the fruit firmness decreased， the content of water-soluble pectin （WSP） increased， the sodium carbonate-soluble pectin （SSP） decreased， the vitamin C， lycopene and β?-carotene showed decreasing trend， the variation of soluble solids fluctuated within a small rage， the cellulose decreased at first and then increased， while the content of soluble sugar and organic acid showed different changing trends at different storage temperatures. When stored at 5 ℃， the vitamin C and soluble sugar of fruit could be high level， but a long-term storage would raise the chilling injury rate and cause gradual wastage of nutrients， resulting undoubtedly in loss of the edible and commercial values. When stored at 15 ℃， the contents of water， organic acids and cytochromes could be better maintained， giving watermelons better quality and flavor. When stored at 25 ℃， the quick loss of soluble sugar， organic acid and pectin of the fruit leaded to soft rot， depriving original flavors of watermelons and making it difficult to maintain its quality. Above results provided a theoretical basis for the commercialization of its storage， transportation and preservation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic Regulation Mechanisms of Important Traits and Molecular Design Breeding in Livestock and Poultry Wenyue WANG, Xiaoyu MI, Kangtai SUN, Yichao DAI, Zhipeng YAO, Yuanpeng GAO, Jun LIU, Yiqiang GE, Songmei ZHANG, Xiaoming DENG, Yong ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 39-47.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0979 Abstract （1251）   HTML （10）    PDF （519KB）（295）       Knowledge map    Save Research on the genetic basis of important economic traits in livestock and poultry is important for the next generation of molecular design breeding， which is the research frontier of scientific and technological innovation in the international livestock and poultry seed industry. Livestock and poultry breeds are rich in resources， diverse in production types， wide in ecological adaptation range， and outstanding in excellent traits in China. However， there are problems of insufficient protection and collection of germplasm resources， unclear analysis of trait characteristics and genetic mechanisms etc.， resulting in insufficient development and utilization of rich livestock and poultry genetic resources in China， and it is difficult to support the research and development and application of molecular design breeding technology. To face the demand of future agriculture modernization and production of livestock and poultry seed industry， this paper summarized the research progress on genetic regulation mechanism and molecular design breeding of important traits of livestock and poultry at home and abroad， as well as the bottlenecks faced by molecular design breeding of livestock and poultry in China， and discussed the development trend of molecular design breeding of livestock and poultry in the future. The review provided significant insights for technological innovation and development of the future livestock and poultry breeding industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study and Application of Salt and Alkali Tolerance in Rapeseed Heping WAN, Hao ZHANG, Yi YU, Jingdong CHEN, Changli ZENG, Lun ZHAO, Jing WEN, Jinxiong SHEN, Tingdong FU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 59-67.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0970 Abstract （1219）   HTML （21）    PDF （578KB）（189）       Knowledge map    Save Soil salinization has become one of the main limiting factors for agricultural development. The stress damage of saline alkali to plants can be divided into osmotic stress， ion toxicity， active oxygen damage and high pH stress. Saline alkali stress has different effects on seed germination， seedling growth， yield and quality of rapeseed. This paper expounded the influence mechanism of saline alkali stress on different growth stages of rapeseed， analyzed the saline alkali tolerance mechanism of rape from the aspects of osmotic regulation， active oxygen removal， absorption and storage of Na+， and the secretion of organic acids by roots， and put forward measures to improve the saline alkali tolerance of rapeseed， including exploring and utilizing saline alkali tolerance genes， adopting reasonable cultivation methods and using exogenous substances， which provided theoretical basis for the improvement and utilization of saline alkali land by using saline alkali tolerant rapeseed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Insecticidal Activity Constituents and Mechanism of Artemisia annua Against Mythimna separate Chunyan LI, Qian LIANG, Chengxiang GAO, Zongsuo LIANG, Fang WANGA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (12): 129-137.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0589 Abstract （1216）   HTML （2）    PDF （1636KB）（51）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the insecticidal activity components and preliminary mechanism of the petroleum ether extract from Artemisia annua against Mythimna separata， the insecticidal activity of different fractions and main components were measured by insect immersion method. The petroleum ether extract was separated by column chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine its chemical components， and the target enzyme and metabolic enzyme activities in the body of Mythimna separata were measured for the active components. The results showed that the petroleum ether extract of Artemisia annua was separated by silica gel column chromatography， and 27 fractions were obtained， of which fraction 8 showed the best contact toxicity. According to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry， the main compounds were tridecane， 4-quinolinecarboxaldehyde， caryophyllene oxide， linoleic acid ethyl ester， linolenic acid ethyl ester with contents of 7.9%， 72.8%， 3.6%， 2.4%， 3.1%，respectively. The lethal concentration of 50% （LC50） of above 5 compounds on the 7th day were 7.9， 2.5， 3.6， 5.4 and 1.5 mg·mL-1， respectively， which indicated that ethyl linolenic acid had significant contact toxicity against M. separata. On the 7th day of treatment with 1.5 mg·mL-1 linolenic acid ethyl ester， the scanning electron microscopy results showed that the wax layer structure in the surface of M. separata were loosely， the wax layer particles disappeared significantly， and the wax flower gap increased. And the acetylcholinesterase （AChE） and carboxylesterase （CarE） of M. separata treated with 1.5 mg·mL-1 linolenic acid ethyl ester showed first activation and then inhibition， Na+-K+-ATPase showed inhibition over time， and catalase （CAT） showed first inhibition and then activation. To sum up， the linolenic acid ethyl ester was the main active compound of A. annua， which provided reference for the development of new plant-based insecticides and biological control of M. separata and the development and utilization of A.annua resources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital Development of China’s Crop Industry： Achievements， Difficulties and Prospects Beibei FAN, Jin LI, Chen MA Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 25-32.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0579 Abstract （1191）   HTML （10）    PDF （469KB）（190）       Knowledge map    Save As the basic industry of agricultural modernization， promoting the revitalization of seed industry has become one of the core tasks of building China’s strategic science and technology system and promoting the overall revitalization of rural areas. China has initially realized the integration of digital technology with breeding， complex seed production， industrial extension and other aspects. However， compared with the status quo that developed countries and region in Europe and the United States have entered the “4.0 era” of intelligent design breeding， China’s breeding technology research and development is still in the “2.0 era” to “3.0 era” of the seed industry. In the face of the development trend of intelligent breeding and seed breeding， precision seed industry promotion and service， and in-depth seed industry big data collection， the integration and innovation research of digital technology， molecular breeding and conventional breeding technology， and in-depth development of multiple genetics should be encouraged. The big data mining and analysis， application of commercial breeding software and platforms， and the comprehensive establishment of the digital marketing and management system should be promoted. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the Growth-promoting Effect of Trichoderma harzianum on Tobacco and Its Induced Resistance to Black Shank Disease Junjia CHANG, Jiaxin GAI, Gang TAO, Zhuanlonghai MO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (10): 168-176.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0225 Abstract （1156）   HTML （3）    PDF （2248KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the growth-promoting effects of Trichoderma harzianum on tobacco and its induced resistance mechanisms against tobacco black shank disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae， 5 Trichoderma strains were screened. The results showed that the strain T. harzianum ACCC 32808 （TH32808） was demonstrated the strongest inhibition （62.00%） among 5 strains of Trichoderma. The growth-promoting effects of TH32808 on different tobacco varieties and its induced resistance against tobacco black shank disease were assessed. The results showed that， under pot condition， TH32808 exhibited different ability on promoting the growth of different tobacco varieties. Under TH32808 treatment， the fresh weight of Honghuadajinyuan increased by 8.30%， the control efficacy against black shank disease in Honghuadajinyuan was 51.74%. In Honghuadajinyuan and K326， the catalase activity peaked on the 4th day， reaching 1.42 and 2.15 times that of CK， the peroxidase activity peaked on the 2nd day， being 2.49 and 2.29 times that of CK， the superoxide dismutase activity peaked on the 4th day， reaching 1.17 and 1.15 times that of CK， respectively. Moreover， TH32808 could induce resistance against black shank disease， key genes involved in the metabolic pathways of salicylic acid， jasmonic acid and ethylene， such as NPR1， PDF1.2， EFE and NtSGT1， all exhibited an upregulation trend. Above results provided fungal resources and theoretical basis for the biological control and induced resistance research against black shank disease in tobacco. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of UV-visible Spectral Library in Recessive Screening of Pesticide Fungicides Ying CHEN, Xiaofeng LIU, Yiping CHEN, Liping LIAO, Hongtao FU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (12): 122-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0247 Abstract （1145）   HTML （1）    PDF （1444KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save To establish the ultraviolet-visible （UV-VIS） spectral library to quickly and accurately retrieve the hidden components added in the pesticide fungicide， with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase， the UV-VIS spectrograms of 98 conventional bactericide standards were separated and extracted by gradient elution using a high-performance liquid chromatograph， and the UV-VIS spectrograms of the standard substances were used to establish the UV-VIS spectrogram library. The target compound was matched according to the spectral similarity and the retention time of the standard sample， so as to retrieve the hidden components added in the pesticide preparation. 2 bactericides were used to verify the accuracy of the spectral library retrieval， and the results showed that the accuracy of the spectral library retrieval reached 100%. This method had the advantages of high accuracy， easy operation and low cost. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Control Effect of Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes HEBRC45958 Strain on Corynespora Leaf Spot of Tomato Daye HUANG, Zhibin YU, Zhongyi WAN, Dan YANG, Jinping LI, Chunxia CAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (11): 136-142.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0416 Abstract （1143）   HTML （1）    PDF （3075KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the control effect of Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes strain HEBRC45958 against Corynespora leaf spot of tomato， the antifungal activity was determined in vitro by using dual culture assay combined with microscope and scanning electron microscope observation. The siderophore production and the activities of hydrolases were also determined. The control effect of the fermentation broth of HEBRC45958 strain on Corynespora leaf spot of tomato was determined in pots. The results showed that the inhibition rate HEBRC45958 on Corynespora cassiicola was 52.65% in the dual culture. Compared with control， the mycelium treated with HEBRC45958 strain was distorted and cracked by scanning microscopy， and the space between the cell wall and cell membrane was widened by transmission electron microscopy. The HEBRC45958 strain could produce amylase， cellulase， chitinase and siderophore. The control effect of fermentation broth against Corynespora leaf spot of tomato was 100% in pot experiment， which showed that HEBRC45958 strain had a good prospect of biocontrol application for Corynespora leaf spot of tomato. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Nutritional Composition and Quality of Phallus impudicus L. from Different Producing Areas in Guizhou Yupeng LIU, Fang CHEN, Shuhong GU, Fang WANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (11): 143-153.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0461 Abstract （1142）   HTML （6）    PDF （1384KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save In order to analyze the nutritional compositions and quality differences of Phallus impudicus L. in Guizhou，the contents of amino acids， mineral elements， ash， fat， crude fiber and total sugar in dry Phallus impudicus L. from 4 producing areas were determined， the protein quality was evaluated by amino acid ratio coefficient method and the comprehensive quality was evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that， the contents of N， P， K and Ca， Cu， Fe， Mg， Zn were 18.70～22.45， 3.55～4.83， 29.63～39.64 g·kg-1 and 508.64～686.89，12.37～17.54，92.30～497.54，1.55～1.98，24.84～51.61 mg·kg-1， respectively. The contents of ash， fat， crude fiber and total sugar were 5.83%～6.27%， 0.83%～1.49%，0.25%～0.47%，28.92%～34.90%， respectively. 17 amino acids were detected in Phallus impudicus L. from different producing areas， content of Glu was the highest， the contents of essential amino acids， total amino acids were 4.24%～5.55%， 10.70%～12.93%， respectively. Dejiang had the highest index of all the above indicators. Amino acid evaluation results showed that Lys was the first limiting amino acid of Phallus impudicus L.， and the essential amino acid index （EAAI） values of Phallus impudicus L. from 4 producing area were all more than 1， which could be used as high quality protein source. The amino acid ratio coefficient score （SRCAA） value showed that Dejiang had the highest nutritional value of protein. The result of principal component analysis showed that Dejiang had the best quality whose comprehensive score was the highest. This study provided scientific basis for quality control， development and utilization of Phallus impudicus L. in Guizhou province. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Exogenous NO on Expression of Tomato Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Under Tomato Yellowing Leaf Curl Virus Stress Jincheng LUO, Xiaolin ZHU, Xiaohong WEI, Xian WANG, Baoqiang WANG, Xuefen DU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 125-135.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0647 Abstract （1138）   HTML （2）    PDF （2999KB）（25）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effect of exogenous nitric oxide （NO） on the expression of tomato antioxidant gene under the stress of tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV）， the susceptible tomato Jinpeng 1 was used as the experimental material. Transcriptome sequencing， fluorescent qRT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis were performed under control （CK）， TYLCV （TY） and NO+TYLCV （NO+TY） treatments. The results showed that a total of 55 antioxidase-coding genes were selected in the tomato genome， among which the antioxidase-containing genes with the highest number of exons in different subcellular regions were significantly responsive to TYLCV stress. The number of NO-mediated antioxidant enzyme coding genes in different subcellular compartms showed chloroplast>cell membrane>cytoplasm>peroxisome>vacuole， in which the expression levels of Chl Cu-Zn SOD， Chl MR2， Chl GR， Per MR， Pla CAT1 and Pla CAT7 were significantly up-regulated， and the expression levels of Chl Fe SOD1， Chl Fe SOD2， Cyt GPX， Cyt APX1， Cyt APX2 L-5， Pla CAT3， Pla CAT8 and Vac CAT were significantly down-regulated. Fluorescence qRT-PCR verified that Chl GR， Min Mn SOD and Per CAT2 responded to TYLCV， and Chl Cu-Zn SOD， Pla CAT7， Pla CAT8 and Cyt APX2 L-5 responded to TYLCV and NO. Above results provided theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of NO in improving tomato disease resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fruit Quality Analysis of Prunus domestica × armeniaca at Different Harvest Maturity Levels Ruyue WANG, Haifang HU, Shasha LUO, Ziyi ZHEN, Yeyong XU, Xiaojing HU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 158-169.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0429 Abstract （1130）   HTML （5）    PDF （3014KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save To study the effects of different harvest maturity levels on the quality of P. domestica × armeniaca fruits， and to screen out the suitable maturity levels for picking P. domestica × armeniaca，using P. domestica × armeniaca ‘Fengweihuanghou’ as the test materials， the changes in indicators such as single fruit weight， fruit color and fruit hardness and so on under different maturity levels（Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， Ⅳ， Ⅴ） were analyzed by variance， correlation and principal component analysis. The results showed that with the increase of harvest maturity levels， the red green value （a*） of the fruit skin， the red green value （a*） of the fruit flesh， the blue yellow value （b*） of the skin， the blue yellow value （b*） of the flesh， the comprehensive ratio of the skin （a*/b*） and the comprehensive ratio of the flesh （a*/b*） all showed a significant upward trend， which increased by 15.811， 15.760， 23.009， 15.380， 0.973 and 0.558， respectively， during the entire maturity and development period， and were highly significant positive correlation with fruit maturity. Chlorophyll a+b， peel brightness value （L*）and flesh brightness value （L*） showed significant downward trend， with decrease of 17.230 μg·cm-3， 11.460 and 13.492 during maturity， respectively. The single fruit weight， soluble solids， solid to acid ratio and membrane permeability all showed a significant upward trend with the increase of harvest maturity level. At maturity Ⅴ， the various indicators were 101.500 g， 18.780%， 85.535% and 62.050%， respectively， and showed a highly significant correlation with maturity level. The skin hardness， peel hardness and titratable acid showed a significant downward trend with the delay of maturity， reaching their lowest values at maturity Ⅴ， which were 13.770 N， 6.886 N and 0.246%， respectively， which were significantly negatively correlated with harvest maturity level. The principal component analysis showed that the fruit quality of different maturity level was as follows： maturity Ⅴ>maturity Ⅳ>maturity Ⅲ>maturity Ⅱ>maturity Ⅰ. Based on production needs and comprehensive economic benefits， maturity Ⅰ and Ⅱ were not suitable for harvesting，and maturity Ⅳ and Ⅴ had good quality and taste， but the fruit softens severely. Maturity Ⅲ could be selected as the appropriate harvesting maturity. Above results could provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the subsequent research and production of P. domestica × armeniaca . Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Biobreeding Techniques in Main Aquaculture Fish Species Yonghua SUN, Wei HU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 120-128.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0711 Abstract （1094）   HTML （21）    PDF （535KB）（239）       Knowledge map    Save As blue food， fish and other aquatic products are recognized as healthy and high-quality sources of animal protein， and play significant roles in supporting global food and nutrition security. China is the largest aquaculture country in the world， and its success stories have attracted global attention. China has developed and utilized various breeding methods for aquaculture species， such as selection breeding， hybridization breeding， polyploid breeding， transgenic breeding， etc. and carried out genome editing and genome selection-based breeding in some species， pioneered some novel breeding methods， such as the fish germline stem cell-oriented approach and reproduction on-off strategy. By using these technologies， Chinese aquaculture scientists have bred various aquaculture species or fish lines with valuable traits， which drives and supports the high-quality development of Chinese aquaculture. This article systematically reviewed the development and application of the above biobreeding techniques in the generation and application of novel fish strains with valuable traits， and provided an outlook on the future development of biobreeding technology， which aimed to promote the breeding of new lines and varieties of aquaculture fish， and support the high-quality development of aquaculture in China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation and Progresses in de novo Domestication of Crops Jingkun ZHANG, Wenjia LI, Peng ZENG, Xiangbing MENG, Hong YU, Jiayang LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 68-77.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0985 Abstract （1092）   HTML （11）    PDF （1225KB）（158）       Knowledge map    Save In the past century， the breeding theories and systems have been greatly developed， and series of new breeding strategies have gradually emerged， such as heterosis utilization， hybrid breeding， mutagenesis breeding， molecular marker-assisted breeding， transgenic breeding， genome editing breeding， molecular design breeding etc. making critical contributions to world food security. Recently， along with the development of biotechnologies， a new breeding strategy termed de novo domestication has been proposed and demonstrated to create new crops. Here， this paper reviewed the emergence of de novo domestication and its roadmap， the germplasm basis， the genetic basis and the fundamental biotechnologies and related policy of de novo domestication. Furthermore， it also discussed presumable challenges and applications of de novo domestication in crop breeding. In future， de novo domestication may provide a new practical way for germplasm innovation and achieve novel breeding goals to face upcoming agriculture challenges. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Bacillus thuringiensi on Intestinal Bacteria in Ectropis obliqua Ruoheng JIN, Xiaoyu LI, Jingwu YAO, Beibei WANG, Chunxia CAO, Daye HUANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 141-149.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0794 Abstract （1079）   HTML （1）    PDF （3110KB）（18）       Knowledge map    Save Ectropis obliqua is one of the most important pests on tea， which has brought serious economic losses to the tea industry. Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）?， as a key biological insecticide for the control of E. obliqua， plays an important role in the green prevention and control of diseases and pests in tea gardens. To clarify the effect of Bt treatment on intestinal bacteria of E. obliqua larvae， the Illumina platform using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was applied to compare the structure and population diversity of intestinal commensal community in E. obliqua larvae treated with different dosage of Bt suspensions. The results showed that， compared with CK treatment， the intestinal bacterial composition of E. obliqua larvae treated with lower dosage of Bt did not change significantly， but those treated with higher dosage of Bt had significant effect on the composition of intestinal bacteria in E. obliqua larvae. And the treatments with higher dosage of Bt significantly increased the diversity and abundance of intestinal bacteria in E. obliqua larvae， which indicated that intestinal microorganisms were involved in the response of E. obliqua larvae to Bt infection. Above results provided basis for further exploring the insecticidal mechanism of Bt， and provided new ideas for improving the virulence of Bt. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Molecular Basis of Tree Traits Formation Shougong ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 48-58.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0943 Abstract （1078）   HTML （4）    PDF （640KB）（64）       Knowledge map    Save Forestry is one of the important industries of the national economy. In-depth study of tree traits for the purpose of human needs and analysis of the molecular basis of the formation of tree important traits are the basic guarantee for the establishment of efficient breeding technology system， and the key to cultivate breakthrough varieties that meet the major national needs. This is of great significance to ensure the sustainable development of forestry in China， and serve major strategies such as national timber security， food security， ecological security and rural revitalization. With the rapid development of biotechnology， the research on the molecular basis of tree traits has become more in-depth. This paper focused on the formation and regulation mechanism of wood formation， forest economic traits and tree stress resistance， sorted out the current research progress at home and abroad， reviewed the molecular basis of tree trait formation， and prospected the future research trends and technological development of tree traits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Trends and Strategies of Gene Circuit Design and Synthesis Technologies in Agricultural Organisms Min LIN, Lei WANG, Xiaofeng GU, Yongliang YAN, Zhu LIU, Tao TU, Bin YAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (12): 101-111.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1021 Abstract （1038）   HTML （10）    PDF （1036KB）（50）       Knowledge map    Save With the highly cross-integration of frontier disciplines such as bioomics， systems biology and synthetic biology， the new generation of genetic engineering technology has maked new breakthroughs. Gene circuit design and synthesis is the core technology of the new generation of genetic engineering， and its three technical characteristics are subversion， intelligence and precision. Accelerating the innovation of gene circuit design and synthesis technology of agricultural organisms will provide important technical support for creating a new generation of agricultural varieties and promoting the high-quality green development of Chinese agriculture. In this paper， the international development trends of gene circuit design and synthesis technology of agricultural organisms were summarized， and the development strategies and priority fields of intelligent design and precise expression technology of agricultural biological gene circuit in China were discussed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Glycosylation on Quality and Volatile Flavor Characteristics of rainbow trout （ Oncorhynchus mykiss） Floss Lei JI, Tianhong LIU, Ying WANG, Xiao LI, Hongyan LI, Xiaodong JIANG, Yuanqin SUN, Shuaizhong ZHANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 159-172.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0731 Abstract （1012）   HTML （0）    PDF （1304KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save To promote the development of high-value products for rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss）， the quality （physicochemical properties， color， and sensory properties） of rainbow trout floss with different sugars added were investigated. At the same time， the volatile components and fatty acids of the floss were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer （GC-MS）. The results showed that the addition of sugar had an important impact on the quality of rainbow trout floss， which could promote the process of Maillard reaction and improve the sensory quality of fish floss such as taste and color. As pentose， the fish floss with arabinose had a faster process of Maillard reaction and more obvious color change， while the fish floss with fructooligosaccharides had a better sweet taste. In terms of fatty acid， the contents of saturated fat acid， eicosapntemacnioc acid （EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid （DHA） of the fish floss with oligofructose were the highest， and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid of the fish floss with arabinose was the highest. In conclustion， due to Maillard reaction， the fish floss added with sugar produced aldehydes， ketones， alcohols and other substances with lower threshold， which could impact the flavor. Above results provided reference for improving the quality of rainbow trout floss and increasing product added value. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Symptoms and Pathogen Identification of Ficus carica Bacterial Leaf Spot Disease in Fujian Mengting JI, Ling ZHU, Xiaohua LUO, Yuting ZHENG, Shun XIAO, Fangping HU, Xueqing CAI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 147-154.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0546 Abstract （993）   HTML （0）    PDF （2145KB）（231）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the taxonomy of the pathogen causing a new bacterial leaf spot disease on fig （Ficus carica） in Fuzhou in 2020， diseased fig leaves were collected as test materials. The bacterial strains were isolated from the diseased leaves by streak plate method， and then the pathogenicity of the strains was determined by tobacco allergic reaction， spray inoculated fig leaves and Koch’s rule. The pathogen was identified based on morphological characteristics， physiological and biochemical determination， and phylogenetic tree analysis using partial sequences of 16S rDNA， gyrB and rpoD. The results showed that 10 bacterial strains were isolated and purified from the diseased leaves， healthy fig leaves demonstrated similar symptoms as the specimen collected from fields， and the identical morphological bacterial strains were re-isolated from diseased fig leaves. Thus， all of the bacterial strains were identified as the causal pathogens of bacterial leaf spot disease by Koch’s rule. The colony morphology was light yellow， round， and flat on the NA medium after 2 d of culture， and the gram staining reaction was negative. The bacterial strains could produce green water-soluble fluorescent on KB medium. The sequencing analysis based on 16S rDNA， gyrB and rpoD showed that the test strains were clustered with Pseudomonas cichorii； and the results of physiological and biochemical characteristics， Biolog phenotypes instrument， and specific primers were similar to the P. cichorii strain 5707， therefore the 10 isolated bacterial strains were identified as P. cichorii. It was the first report that P. cichorii could naturally cause the leaf spot disease in F. carica. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Processing Technology and Shelf Life of Red Matsutake Beef Sauce Lijun FU, Xiaoyu LIN, Jianhua LIN, Huinan SHEN, Yongzhen WU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (6): 148-158.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0975 Abstract （982）   HTML （0）    PDF （4519KB）（115）       Knowledge map    Save To optimize the optimal formula of red matsutake beef sauce， the response surface methodology was used to study the effects of the additions of red matsutake， soybean paste， millet pepper and potato starch on quality of red matsutake beef sauce. The shelf life was predicted by Arrhenius equation and kinetic equation based on peroxide value and acid value. The results showed that the optimal formula of red matsutake beef sauce obtained by response surface methodology was followed with 15.0% red matsutake， 37.4% soybean paste， 13.4% millet pepper， and 8.3% potato starch， the sensory score of red matsutake beef sauce was 91.23 under these conditions. Under different ambient temperatures （25， 37 and 45 ℃）， the total viable count， peroxide value and acid value of red matsutake beef sauce were positively correlated with storage time， while the sensory score showed a downward trend. The shelf life of red matsutake beef sauce was predicted to be 147 d at 25 ℃ based on peroxide value， and was 103 d at 25 ℃ based on acid value， so the shelf life model constructed based on acid value was more reliable. Above results provided theoretical support for high value utilization and shelf life prediction of red matsutake. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Function Analysis of GhERF020 Gene in Response to Verticillium Wilt in Cotton Huiting WENG, Haiyang LIU, Huiming GUO, Hongmei CHENG, Jun LI, Chao ZHANG, Xiaofeng SU Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (9): 112-121.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0407 Abstract （969）   HTML （3）    PDF （3709KB）（26）       Knowledge map    Save Verticillium wilt （VW） is a disruptive symptom caused by Verticillium dahliae， which affects fiber yield and quality of cotton in China. AP2/ERF transcription factors play prominent role in plant growth， development and stress response. In order to excavate the genes related to resistance to VW in cotton and explore their biological functions， the candidate gene GhERF020 （XM_016842745.1） was obtained by homologous alignment of AT1G22810.1 related gene of Arabidopsis thaliana against V. dahliae. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the open reading frame length of GhERF020 was 441 bp， encoded 147 amino acids. GhERF020 contained a conserved AP2 domain， the relative molecular weight was 16.16 kD without transmembrane structure， belonging to the hydrophilic protein. It was predicted that the promoter region contained response elements of salicylic acid （SA）， methyl jasmonate （MEJA）， abscisic acid （ABA） and other response elements. The expression of GhERF020 was induced by V. dahliae infection. Subcellular localization analysis showed that GhERF020 protein was localized in the nucleus. As the expression of GhERF020 was downregulated by virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） technique， the susceptibility of cotton plants to V. dahliae was significantly enhanced， and the disease index and pathogen biomass were distinctly increased. Above results indicated that GhERF020 was a positive regulator in resistance against V. dahliae in cotton. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance， Carcass Performance and Meat Quality of Stellar-fed Tan Sheep Guoshun CHEN, Bin TIAN, Yancheng GAO, Yancui LI, Wenjin TIAN, Wenjing YANG, Wancheng WU, Lijun HUANG Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 150-157.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0541 Abstract （945）   HTML （3）    PDF （497KB）（25）       Knowledge map    Save To elucidate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides on the growth， slaughtering performance and meat quality of Tan sheep， 24 healthy， similar-weight （22.17±1.21 kg） 50-days-old Tan lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups for fattening trials， including basal diet group （control group）， basal diet+0.05% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅰ）， basal diet+0.10% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅱ） and basal diet+0.15% astragalus polysaccharide group （test group Ⅲ）. The weights were determied on 0， 10 and 70 d of the trial， and the slaughter performance and meat quality were analyzed on at the end of the trial （70 d）， respectively. The results showed that， compared with control group， the final body weight （FBW） and average daily gain （ADG） of test group Ⅱ were significantly increased， and the feed conversion rate was significantly decreased. The carcass weight and slaughter rate of test group Ⅱ increased significantly， the cooked meat rate of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. The back fat thickness of test group Ⅰ and test group Ⅱ treatment was significantly reduced， and the L* value of test group Ⅱ was significantly reduced. The contents of glycine， aspartic acid and total amino acids in muscle of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ were significantly increased， and the content of umami amino acids was significantly increased in treatments with astragalus polysaccharides. The contents of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） and polyunsaturated fatty acids in mutton of Tan sheep treated with test group Ⅱ were significantly increased. And the value of MUFA/TFA （total fatty acids） of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ increased significantly. In summary， the addition of 0.10% astragalus polysaccharides to the diet could improve the growth performance， carcass performance and meat quality of Tan sheep. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Natural Low Temperature on Cooking and Eating Quality of Rice During Grain Filling Stage Dongmeng ZHANG, Dongping YAO, Jun WU, Qiuhong LUO, Wen ZHUANG, Xionglun LIU, Qiyun DENG, Bin BAI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (6): 144-153.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0209 Abstract （925）   HTML （4）    PDF （1029KB）（42）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the effects of natural low temperature on the physicochemical indexes of starch of different rice varieties and cooking and eating quality of rice at filling stage， 7 high-yield and high-quality rice varieties were selected and processed into milled rice and rice flour， respectively. The physicochemical indexes of starch， viscosity， hardness and eating value of rice were measured at room temperature and low temperature. The results showed that low temperature during grain filling stage of rice increased significantly amylose content， setback， peak time， gelatinization temperature and rice hardness， the maximum amylose content was 47.4%. While it decreased obviously gel consistency， peak viscosity， breakdown and rice viscosity， the viscosity of rice was all reduced to 30~50 mm， and ultimately led to poor cooking and eating quality. The low temperature tolerance of 7 rice varieties was evaluated by taste value and starch physical and chemical indexes， the results showed ‘Y liangyou 911’ had the highest low temperature tolerance of rice quality， and ‘Y liangyou 1928’ had the lowest of rice quality. The results of this study showed that appropriate cultivation measures should be taken to cope with the influence of low temperature on rice quality during the grain filling period， which provided a new idea for screening and cultivating low-temperature tolerant and high-quality rice. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Physiological Response of Tobacco Infected by Phytophthora to Trichoderma harzianum Inoculation Sequence Zhichao REN, Yaohui MU, Xuyang YAO, Shue LI, Yongfeng ZHANG, Tianbao REN, Guoshun LIU, Quanyu YIN Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (1): 155-164.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0544 Abstract （922）   HTML （0）    PDF （1598KB）（16）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the physiological response of tobacco plant infected by Phytophthora to Trichoderma harzianum application sequence， the pot experiments were carried out with different treatments including inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension （T1）， inoculated with T. harzianum spore suspension （T2）， inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension first and then inoculated with T. harzianum spore suspension （T3）， inoculated with T.harzianum spore suspension first and then inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension （T4）， inoculated with Phytophthora spore suspension and T. harzianum spore suspension at the same time （T5）， and clear water （CK） as controls. The effects of T. harzianum application sequence on biological characteristics， physiological characteristics and induced resistance of tobacco infected by Phytophthora were analyzed. The results showed that， in the growth of tobacco plants， the agronomic characters of tobacco plants with T4 treatment increased the most， and the dry and fresh weight of underground parts increased by 103.73% and 8.30% compared with CK. In the physiological characteristics of tobacco plants， T. harzianum could reduce the inhibition of Phytophthora on photosynthetic pigment accumulation and root activity of tobacco plants， and significantly increase both of them， and it could also strengthen the activities of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tobacco plants. After transplanting 21 d， the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase with T4 treatment increased by 13.14% and 6.40%， respectively. In the control effect， T4 treatment had the lowest incidence and disease index， which were 39.39% and 13.89%， and the highest antioxidant enzyme activity. In conclusion， there were significant differences in the physiological response of tobacco plants to the inoculation sequence of T. harzianum. In production， T. harzianum should be inoculated in advance to promote the growth and development of tobacco and inhibit the incidence of black shank disease. Above results laid a theoretical foundation for the regulation of tobacco growth and development and the comprehensive prevention and control of black shank. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thermophysical Properties and Tempering Rate of Tuna Under Different Brining Conditions Haoran QIU, Yuqian ZHENG, Xiangqing CHEN, Yang JIAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2024, 26 (1): 154-162.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0630 Abstract （919）   HTML （5）    PDF （2748KB）（18）       Knowledge map    Save Brining is of great significant for extending the shelf life and maintaining the quality of aquatic products， but the freezing and thawing process of brined aquatic products needs to be explored based on changes in the thermal properties of the raw materials. Yellow-fin tuna slices were immersed in NaCl solutions with mass volume fractions of 0.00% （CK）， 1.44%， 2.88%， 5.75%， and 11.50% for a duration of 2 h to study the effects of brining on the density， specific heat capacity under different temperatures， and refrigerated tempering and radio frequency （RF） tempering were used to thaw brined tuna. Additionally， both conventional refrigerated and radio frequency （RF） tempering methods were employed. The results showed that with the mass fraction of salt in the brine solution increasing， the density of the fish firstly decreased and then increased， while specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity gradually decreased， and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor increased progressively. The tempering rates of both refrigerated and RF tempering decreased with the increasing of salt levels in the brine solution， with RF tempering significantly outpacing refrigerated tempering in terms of speed. Refrigerated brining exhibited superior uniformity compared to RF tempering， although the uniformity of RF tempering improved as the salt level in the brine solution increased. These findings laid foundation for exploring RF tempering processes of brined yellow-fin tuna， and was helpful for improving uniformity and enhancing tempering quality in further. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Honey from Different Sources Based on Multidimensional Indicators Ming ZHANG, Miaomiao CHE, Xinli HUO, Xue WANG, Xing ZHENG, Leilei ZHAO, Yazhou ZHAO Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2025, 27 (2): 170-179.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0522 Abstract （886）   HTML （1）    PDF （4114KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save Honey is a natural product with complex composition and characteristics， which vary depending on the botanical source， origin， bee species and so on. In order to evaluate， differentiate and identify honey samples， a comparative analysis of honey from different sources using multidimensional indicators， including conventional physicochemical analysis and high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight/mass spectrometer （HPLC-Q-TOF/MS） technique were conducted. The results showed significant differences in amylase activity， fructose， glucose， phenolic acid and flavonoid contents among different honey samples. Among them， rape honey exhibited the lowest amylase activity with a value of （3.42±0.70） mL·g-1·h-1， while acacia honey （Qinshui） had the highest amylase activity with a value of （12.66±2.44） mL·g-1·h-1. The total phenolic acid and total flavonoid contents of Apis cerana honey were higher than other honey samples. Pro-His-Cys and hydroxytyrosol 1-O-glucoside might be useful in distinguishing honey from nectar plant species. Palustrine played an important role in differentiating acacia honey from different regions. Above results provided methodological guidance for the characterization and authenticity assessment of honey， that was， the multidimensional index method could be used as a valuable tool for comparative analysis of honey samples from different sources. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Reductive Soil Disinfestation on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Enzyme Activity in Continuous Cropping of Ginseng Ning YAN, Yu ZHAN, Xinyue MIAO, Ergang WANG, Changbao CHEN, Qiong LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2022, 24 (6): 133-144.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0695 Abstract （859）   HTML （7）    PDF （4023KB）（41）       Knowledge map    Save Reductive soil disinfestation （RSD） and soil fumigation （SF） technologies can control soil-borne diseases more effectively and repair degraded soil quickly. In order to research the effects of 2 technologies on soil bacterial community of continuous cropping ginseng， 3 treatments were set up： reductive soil disinfestation plus soil fumigation （RSD+SF）， reductive soil disinfestation plus compound bacteria （RSD+F） and soil fumigation plus compound bacteria （SF+F）. IlluminaMiseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze and determine the soil bacterial community and soil enzyme activities by 3 soil modification methods. The results showed that the highest diversity and richness of bacterial community was found in RSD+F group， and those of the lowest was found in SF+F group， and 3 groups had 431 identical bacterial genera. The highest bacterial richness was Gemmatimonas with abundance of 9.17% in RSD+SF group， norank_f_noranko_Gaiellales had the highest bacterial richness with abundance of 8.72% in RSD+F group， and Bacillus had the highest bacterial richness with abundance of 9.16% in RSD+F group. Bacillus was the common dominant bacterial community of the top 10 dominant flora in the soil by 3 improved methods. Correlation analysis showed that the soil enzyme activity significantly correlated with soil bacterial community structure. With the increase of growth time， the soil enzyme activities of continuous cropping ginseng with different soil modification methods were significantly different （P<0.05）. In conclusion， 3 soil improvement methods could increase the richness of beneficial bacteria genus and improve soil enzyme activity to different degrees， and the number of beneficial bacteria genus and soil enzyme activity in RSD+SF group and RSD+F group were higher than those in SF+F group. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Hot-air Drying Process Parameters of Lentinus edodes Based on Response Surface Yilin YANG, Junxiong DING, Xiaohua WU, Peng WANG, Dongliang SUN, Xinyao YU, Zhentao ZHANG, Dong LI Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology    2023, 25 (6): 154-164.   DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.1035 Abstract （843）   HTML （2）    PDF （3713KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save In order to determine the best process parameters for hot-air drying of Lentinus edodes， a multi-objective optimization was studied with fresh Lentinus edodes as the test object. Taking relative humidity， wind speed and unit load as independent variables， and the color difference， water-soluble protein content and drying time of dried mushrooms as response values， a multi-objective comprehensive scoring optimization model for hot air drying of mushrooms was established， and the best process parameters for hot air drying of mushrooms was obtain by response surface method. The results showed that when color difference was 3.58， water-soluble protein content was 46.39 mg·g-1， drying time was 12.5 h， corresponding to the drying condition was 50 ℃， the best drying process parameters were relative humidity 27.1%， wind speed 5 m·s-1， and the unit load 4 kg·m-2； comparing the model prediction value of the optimization target with the experimental value， the average relative error was only 6.6%， and the maximum relative error was 7.4%. The results showed that the comprehensive scoring prediction model based on response surface method could not only be used in the hot-air drying process of Lentinus edodes， but also could provide theoretical guidance for improving the nutritional and sensory quality of dried Lentinus edodes. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics